辽宁区域性春旱的大气环流及影响因子分析

利用美国NCEP/NCAR的再分析资料、Hadley中心逐月海温资料(HadiSST)和辽宁地区逐日降水资料,对辽宁区域性春旱大气环流特征及影响因子进行分析。结果表明：乌山脊和东亚大槽减弱,位相比历年平均位相偏东,中高纬大气环流经向度减小,是导致中国辽宁区域性春季降水减少的大气环流背景;区域性春旱同期,大陆气压升高,海上气压降低;辽宁上空湿度明显小于历年均值,贝湖到中国辽宁一带盛行西北气流。区域性春旱前冬,辽宁上空200hPa高度场出现正距平;地面气温较历史同期偏高;Nino3海温异常偏低。     

汶川8.0级地震前定点形变异常特征

对汶川8.0级地震震中周围800 km范围内近50个定点形变台站资料作小波变换处理,发现从震前3个月开始,30个台站资料处理结果显示有异常出现.距震中200 km以内的台站,其异常信息主要集中在小波分解的细节部分第6层;距震中200-550 km范围内的台站,其异常主要集中在第7层或第8层;距震中550-650 km范围内的台站,其异常主要集中在第8层或第9层.表明异常信息的频率随着各台站距离震中的远近呈现由低到高的特征.     

Seismogram Analysis and Fitting of Three Earthquakes,West Papua,Recorded at Stations ENH and KMI,China

The S wave velocity structure of the earth below Eastern Southeast Asia has been investigated by analyzing the seismogram from surface wave to multiple depth waves in the time domain and three Cartesian components simultaneously. The wave passes across the front area of subduction zone between the Philippine plate and the Asian plate. The main data are waveform comparisons, instead of the arrival times. The synthetic seismogram is calculated using the GEMINI method. The synthetic seismogram constructed by PREMAN global earth model deviates greatly from the measured one. To solve this problem, corrections are needed for the β speed structure. Corrections cover the gradient change of βh, which turns from negative to positive in upper mantle layers as in the PREMAN, change of earth crust depth and change of zero order coefficients of β velocity function in all earth mantle layers. So, the fitting is obtained, as well as the arrival time or the waveform of Love and Rayleigh surface waves, the S wave and the repetitive depth waves ScS2 and ScS3. This result reveals that the Southeast Asia, being stretched due to tectonic release, has a mantle in some parts with negative anomaly of S wave velocity and vertical anisotropy in all earth mantle layers.     

3D Gravity Inversion by Growing Bodies and Shaping Layers at Mt. Vesuvius (Southern Italy)

To improve our knowledge of the structural pattern of Mt. Vesuvius and its magmatic system, which represents one of the three volcanoes located in the Neapolitan area (together with Campi Flegrei and Ischia; southern Italy), we analyze here the Bouguer gravity map that is already available through its interpretation by means of 2.5-dimensional modelling. We have carried out a three-dimensional interpretation using a new and original algorithm, known as ‘Layers’, that has been especially processed for this purpose. Layers works in an automatic and non-subjective way, and allows the definition of the structural settings in terms of several layers, each representing a specific geological formation. The same data are also interpreted in terms of isolated and shallow anomalous density bodies using a well tested algorithm known as ‘Growth’. We focus our inversions on the Mt. Vesuvius volcano, while globally analyzing the entire Neapolitan area, in order to investigate the deep structures, and in particular the deep extended ‘sill’ that has been revealed by seismic tomography. The final models generally confirm the global setting of the area as outlined by previous investigations, mainly for the shape and depth of the carbonate basement below Mt. Vesuvius. The presence of lateral density contrasts inside the volcano edifice is also shown, which was only hypothesized in the 2.5-dimensional inversion. Moreover, the models allow us to note a high density body that rises from the top of the carbonate basement and further elongates above sea level. This probably represents an uprising of the same basement, which is just below the volcano and which coincides with the V_P and V_P/V_S anomalies detected under the crater. The three-dimensional results also reveal that the two inversion methods provide very similar models, where the high density isolated body in the Growth model can be associated with the rising high density anomaly in the Layers model. Taking into account the density of these modelled bodies, we would also suggest that they represent solidified magma bodies, as suggested by other studies. Finally, we did not clearly detect any deep anomalous body that can be associated with the sill that was suggested by seismic tomography.     

中强地震前朝阳地震台地倾斜异常特征分析

辽宁省朝阳地震台地倾斜长期可靠的资料,在多次中强地震前出现明显的中短期异常,为预报地震提供了重要依据。本文研究讨论了距朝阳台600km范围内发生的10次地震（4．5≤M≤6．2）前兆异常特征,结果表明：朝阳台倾斜异常的时间、形态、方向与所处的构造位置有关。异常持续时间与震中距呈现明显的线性关系,异常形态与地震的空间位置有关,短期异常是判定地震发生时间的重要指标。在此基础上判断朝阳地倾斜目前所处的异常阶段,分析预测了未来地震发生的区域和强度。     

小波变换方法在辽宁跨断层形变资料分析中的应用

运用二进小波变换方法,分析了辽宁省跨断层观测资料不同尺度的小波变换的细节信号变换特征。研究结果表明,不同尺度小波变换分解的细节信号显示出不同的时变特征,可以识别和提取原始测值中不易分辨的震前异常。当尺度为3时的细节信号的年周期特征被打破,或者当尺度为3时的细节信号变化超出2倍均方差时,测点周围250km左右范围内发生中强地震的可能性很大。     

文安Ms5.1级地震前锦州地震台的某些前兆异常

本文系统地展示和分析了文安5.1级地震前锦州地震台及其子台沈家台的前兆异常。     

岫岩-海城Ms5.6级地震前后岫岩水氡异常分析

本文详细分析了1999.11.29岫岩-海城地震前后岫岩水氡的变化过程,结果表明：在整个孕震过程中,岫岩水氡表现出了完整的长、中、短、临异常变化及震后效应。对异常机理进行了初步探讨。     

地震前兆资料的快速应用

陕西省地震局研制的一套软件解决了地震前兆数字化和大华北资料共享后的大量数据在分析预报中的快速应用问题。内容有“九五”、“十五”、模拟和大华北资料的下载、处理、保存、计算、统计和制图等功能。采取了简化操作、成批处理、自动成图等方法,有效地提高了分析速度,与Mapsis互相兼容,取长补短,能在20分钟内完成地震趋势会商前的准备工作,在震情分析中发挥了良好的作用。     

汶川大地震汉源县城建筑物震害调查

汶川地震中,距离震中约200公里的汉源县出现了明显烈度异常现象,汉源县城建筑物震害表现尤为明显.为了解释这一现象,在汶川大地震第一阶段科学考察中,相关调查小组对汉源县城建筑物震害开展了相应的调查.调查结果表明,该处烈度异常现象确实存在,烈度异常与该处局部场地条件有一定的联系.