秦山核电站邻近水域水质评价

本文根据1989年4月至1990年1周秦山核电站邻近水域水质调查结果,经分析证实,近杭州湾顶的水体属河-海混合水体,未受溶解态重金属元素污染,而有机物质浓度较高,有一定的污染。     

Pragmatism and power, or the power to make a difference in a radically contingent world

Power seems to occupy an understated role in much pragmatist thought, both classical and contemporary. It is clearly a blind spot in Richard Rorty’s work, although it is ever present in the background, and for John Dewey and William James it often appears as indistinguishable from the power to act or intervene in events so as to make a difference. In this paper, I want to push a practical account of power a step further by drawing out its expedient, anti-foundational character and its Dewey-style grounding in experience. I also try to show how the power to make a difference may just as easily be transformed into the powers of imposition and constraint, where one side gains at the expense of another. Following that, I draw out a more provisional sense of power based upon the difference that space and spatiality make to what pragmatists have traditionally referred to as the contextuality and contingency of events. This is tentatively explored by a consideration of what spatial experiments with power might look like when employed to bring about change and make a difference in the world.     

第四系深厚洪积物内成洞条件工程地质研究

经过对不同时期洪积物的成因、物质组成、结构、构造等的分析,以及对第一期洪积物内能否成洞的试验性模拟开挖、观察、分析,并在大量室内外物理力学性质试验的基础上,分析、量化出洪积物内成洞工程地质特性参数。在精心设计和施工下,深厚洪积物内开挖大跨度洞室顺利成功。     

中国电力行业碳排放达峰及减排潜力分析

推动电力行业低碳发展是中国有效控制CO₂排放和推动尽早达峰的重要抓手。在分别利用学习曲线工具和自下而上技术核算方式分析风电、光伏两类主要的可再生电力和其他各类电源发展趋势的基础上,综合评估了既有政策和强化政策条件下2035年前中国电力行业能源活动碳排放变化趋势。研究发现,既有政策情景下电力行业碳排放在2030年左右达到峰值,届时非化石能源在发电量中比重为44%,而通过强化推动能源绿色低碳发展的相关政策,2025年前即可达到电力行业碳排放峰值,2030年非化石电力在发电量中比重可以提升至51%,其中可再生电力加速发展将分别贡献2025、2030和2035年当年减排量（相对于既有政策情景）的45%、54%和62%。尽管从保障电力稳定安全供应角度,煤电装机仍有一定增长空间,但考虑到电力行业绿色低碳和可持续发展的长期需求,仍应加强对煤电装机的有效控制,“十四五”期间努力将煤电装机控制在11亿kW左右的水平。     

碳交易试点地区电力部门配额分配比较研究及对全国的借鉴

全国碳市场将在电力行业启动交易,配额分配方法是其核心。通过试点经验对比分析,将对全国起到借鉴作用。研究结果表明,八试点共纳入电力企业202家,在覆盖范围、信息披露、分配方法、抵消机制等方面存在共性和差异,但普遍存在基准线法基础薄弱、间接排放处理不科学、热电联产供电和供热分摊困难等问题。建议在制定全国碳市场电力部门配额分配方案时应考虑循序渐进、协调推进、稳定性、科学与实用、激励和灵活、公开透明等基本原则。     

宁夏惠农区新农村典型供电模式应用研究

针对当前农村电网建设中存在的问题,以宁夏惠农区为试点区域,开展新农村典型供电模式应用研究。分别从电网规划建设、电网运行控制及节能减耗等领域进行供电模式的需求分析,在新农村典型供电模式的基础上提出了惠农区典型供电模式与实施规模,实践表明典型供电模式在惠农区具有较好的应用效果。     

用于太阳射电快速记录系统中的微带功率晶体管放大器的研制

本文介绍了云南天文台微带功率晶体管放大器在太阳射电快速记录系统中的设计原理和技术性能，并给出了放大器的线路图和最初的测量结果。     

Acoustic wave scattering from a rough seabed over a sediment layer with generalized-exponential density and inverse-square sound speed profiles

This paper considers acoustic plane wave scattering from a rough seabed on a transition sediment layer overlying an elastic sea basement. The transition sediment layer is assumed to be fluid-like, with density and sound speed distributions behaving as generalized-exponential and inverse-square functions, respectively. This specific class of density and sound speed profiles deserves special attentions not only because it is geologically realistic, but also renders analytical solutions to the Helmholtz equation, making it particularly useful in the study of ocean and seabed acoustics. Based upon a boundary perturbation approach, the computational algorithm for the spatial spectrum in terms of the power spectral density of the scattered field has been developed and implemented. The results have shown that, while the coherent field mainly depends upon the gross structure of the seabed roughness, e.g., RMS roughness, the scattered field is significantly affected by the details of the roughness distributions specialized by the roughness power spectrum and the spatial correlation length of the rough surface. The dependence of the power spectral density of the scattered field on the various types of sediment stratifications, including the constant and the k²-linear sound speed distributions, is also included in the analysis.     

Woodcutting and territorial claims in Mali

In Mali, amidst moves toward political decentralization and the transfer of authority to manage natural resources, woodcutting has become an important tool for the assertion of territorial claims by villagers. The decentralization process has itself led to a profound political shake-up between the central state seeking to maintain land ownership and the de facto management of land by customary village authorities. But it is, however, primarily the devolution of forest resource management to village-led organizations that has prompted the cross-scale legitimization and assertion of various territorial claims from 1995 onwards. Based on two in-depth case studies on the outskirts of Bamako, Mali, the authors illustrate how new practices revolving around woodcutting and charcoal-making have been instrumental in intra- and inter-village disputes. At the village level, this transfer tends to exacerbate tenure claims over land and trees with the reactivation of autochthony-related arguments and thus the risk of excluding the most vulnerable social groups which are typically involved in woodcutting. At the inter-village level, this gives villages the opportunity to claim and demarcate boundaries by cutting, painting signs on some trees, or more radically tree felling being carried out solely to demonstrate appropriation. At the municipal level, this transfer leads to political and social adjustments between customary and decentralized authorities, each struggling to build their legitimacy in natural resource management.     

太阳活动低年电离层磁场VLF波的观测特性研究

本文利用搭载在DEMETER卫星上的感应式磁力仪(Instrument Magnetometer Search-Coil,IMSC)探测数据分析了磁场甚低频(Very Low Frequency,VLF)波功率谱的空间分布.在排除地磁扰动影响(Dst≤-30 nT,Kp≥3,AE≥200 nT)的前提下,我们给出200...