临港石化集聚对城镇人居环境影响的居民感知——宁波镇海案例

沿海港口地区大量地集聚化工企业,导致生态环境型邻避冲突在滨海港口城市不断涌现.利用问卷调查、半结构访谈对镇海居民入户抽样,调查石化企业集聚对人居环境影响的居民感知.结果表明:①石化企业集聚的潜在危险与环境排放构成的居住安全、环境污染是集聚区环境外部性的首要负外部性,是影响城市人居环境的重要方面;②本地居民认知的石化集聚区环境外部性对人居环境影响的空间特征符合地理学第一定律,且青年、中青年、老年群体的感知差异初现文化集团性;③初步证实人居环境是有效刻画城市产业空间组织及其环境外部性的综合媒介,将成为政府破解“环境抗争事件”和城市产业升级的着力点.研究成果为深入理解城市产业功能区升级与城镇人居环境建设需求及阶层偏好提供了案例,同时对指导城市产业空间优化与宜居城市建设具有重要的现实意义.     

中国典型旅游城市人居环境适宜度空间分异研究

运用模糊层次分析法,在中国101个拥有5个3A及以上旅游景区的城市中选取30个城市为研究对象。通过建立人居环境适宜度指标体系,运用熵值法计算得出30个典型旅游城市经济环境适宜度、生态环境适宜度、气候环境适宜度、服务环境适宜度和人居环境适宜度综合得分,并对典型旅游城市的人居环境适宜度进行排序和分析。结果显示:北京和上海在人居环境适宜度得分排名前两位且优势明显;长三角地区城市(苏州、杭州、南京等)人居环境适宜度综合排名与典型旅游城市综合排名差距不大且大部分排名前15,是城市人居环境与旅游资源协调发展的典范;沿海城市(大连、青岛、厦门等)和传统旅游城市(桂林、昆明、黄山)由于旅游季节单一等原因造成城市旅游综合指数得分的排名不高,但人居环境适宜度得分较高,优势主要体现在气候环境适宜度、生态环境适宜度和服务环境适宜度;以人文景观为主的旅游城市(西安、洛阳等)人居环境适宜度排名普遍不高;重庆、广州在典型旅游城市中排名靠前,但城市人居环境适宜度得分较低,此类城市在做好旅游发展的同时应注重城市生态、服务等方面的发展。     

基于边界替代的人口数据空间化方法研究

首先将山东省各县市按级别分类,利用回归方法得到不同级别县市的城镇居住密度与农村居住密度,然后根据乡镇驻地位置,构造Voronoi图来替代乡镇边界。在此基础上利用各乡镇人口数据与居民点数据计算得到各 Voronoi图形的居住密度,并将该密度赋予每个图形的发生点(即乡镇驻地位置),而后利用反距离插值算法,并结合窗口移动平均处理,得到全省的居住密度分布图。使用居住密度分布图和居民点分布数据,计算人口分布数据。并根据每个县市的图上汇总人口和统计人口,计算得到各县市的调整系数,使用该系数对每个栅格的人口数进行调整,保证了各县市总人口不会出现误差。最终得到山东省1km×1km栅格的人口分布数据。最后选取某些样本县, 在样本县内对比每个乡镇图上的人口与实际统计人口,结果表明该人口分布数据有较高的精度。     

The effects of temperature and substrate on ontogenetic behavior of bastard halibut, Paralichthys olivaceus (T. et S.)

1 INTRODUCTION Scientific management of aquacultural andnatural populations studies on the early life historyof flatfishes in the aspects of their metamorphosisand benthic settlement accompanying pronouncedtransitions in morphology, behavior and habitatecology have received much attention (Youson,1988). Accumulated data showed that temperatureand substrate played a main role in the recruitmentsuccess of flatfish during their early development(Rijnsdorp et al., 1995, Gibson and Robb, 2000…     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Aerial photography and image interpretation for Resource Management . DAVID P. PAINE . Analytical Models and Techniques Spatial Processes Models and Applications A. D. CLIFF AND J. K. ORD Quantitative and Statistical Approaches to Geography: A Practical Manual JOHN A. MATTHEWS . Cartography and Maps Map Data Processing . HERBERT FREEMAN AND GOFFREDO G. PIERONI , eds. Computer-assisted Cartography: Principles and Prospects, 1982 . MARK S. MONMONIER . Cultural Navajo Architecture: Forms, History, Distributions . STEPHEN C. JETT AND VIRGINIA E . SPENCER . Rational Landscapes and Humanistic Geography . EDWARD RELPH . Economic The Structure and Control of a State Economy . W. L. L'ESPERANCE . Economic Geography . JAMES O. WHEELER AND PETER O. MULLER . The Myth of the Family Farm: Agribusiness Dominance of U.S. Agriculture . INGOLF VOCELER . Libya: The Experience of Oil . J. A. ALLEN . Geography of Public Finance, Welfare Under Fiscal Federalism and local Government Finance . ROBERT BENNETT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Mountains and Man . LARRY W. PRICE . Environmental Geology . DONALD R. COATES . An Introduction to Environmental Systems . G. H. DURY . The Environment: Chinese and American Views . Edited by LAURENCE J. C. MA AND ALLEN G. NOBLE . Land Use in America . RICHARD H. JACKSON . Medical Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Medical Geography . MELINDA S. MEADE (ed.). Philosophy and Geographic Thought Birds in Egg/Eggs in Bird . GUNNAR OLSSON . PhysicaI Climatology: Selected Applications . J. E. OLIVER . Geomorphological Techniques . ANDREW GOUDIE (ed.). Political Politics, Geography and Behaviour . RICHARD MUIR AND RONAN PADDISON . The State of the World Atlas . MICHAEL KIDRON AND RONALD SECAL . Population The Population of the South . DUDLEY L. POSTON , JR . AND ROBERT H. WELLER , eds. Regional Latin America: Economic Development and Regional Differentiation . ARTHUR MORRIS . Developing the Amazon . EMILIO F. MORAN . Western Europe: A Systematic Human Geography . BRIAN W. ILBERY . Settlement Systems in Sparsely Settled Regions: The United States and Australia . RICHARD E. LONSDALEAND JOHN H. HOLMES , eds. African Perspectives: The Economic Geography of Nine African States . HARM DE BUJ AND ESMOND MARTIN , eds. Rural Nonmetropolitan America in Transition . AMOS H. HAWLEY AND SARA MILLS MAZIE , eds. Social Crime and Environment . R. NORMAN DAVIDSON . The Ghetto: Readings with Interpretations . JOE T. DARDEN , ed. Urban Urban Problems and Planning in the Developed World . MICHAEL PACIONE (ed.) Problems and Planning in Third World Cities . Edited by MICHAEL PACIONE . The City in West Europe . D. BURTENSHAW , M. BATEMAN , AND C. J. ASHWORTH .     

Model for large strain consolidation with compressible pore fluid

A numerical model, called CCPF1 (C onsolidation with C ompressible P ore F luid 1 ), is presented for one‐dimensional large strain consolidation of a saturated porous medium with compressible pore fluid. The algorithm includes all the capabilities of a previous large strain consolidation code, CS2, written for incompressible pore fluid. In addition, fluid density and fluid viscosity are functions of fluid pressure in CCPF1. Generalization of the numerical approach to accommodate these functions requires several modifications to the CS2 method, including phase relationships, intrinsic permeability, pore pressure, fluid potential, and mass flux. Inertial forces are neglected and isothermal conditions are assumed. The development of CCPF1 is first presented, followed by an example that illustrates the effects of pore fluid compressibility on the mechanics of consolidation of saturated porous media. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing. Terrain Analysis and Remote Sensing . JOHN R. G. TOWNSHEND , ed. Environmental Data Use in Computer-assisted Data Handling Systems: The Results of a Survey of Applications in the Pacific Northwest States . KENNETH E. GORDON . Applied Land Use: A Spatial Approach . JOHN F. LOUNSBURY , LAWRENCE M. SOMMERS , AND EDWARD A. FERNALD , eds. The Second Battle of New Orleans: A History of the Vieux Carre Riverfront-Expressway Controversy . RICHARD O. BAUMBACH , JR. AND WILLIAM E. BORAH . Cultural Environmental Archaeology . MYRA SHACKLEY . The Immoral landscape: Female Prostitution in Western Societies . RICHARD SYMANSKI . life Among the Poor in Cairo . UNNI WIKAN , translated by Ann Henning. Women, Work and Property in Northwest India . URSULA SHARMA . The Domestication of Women: Discrimination in Developing Societies . BARBARA ROGERS Economic Optimization in Locational and Transport Analysis . A. G. WILSON , J. D. COELHO , S. M. MACGILL , H. C. W. L. WILLIAMS . New Tools for Economic Development: The Enterprise Zone, Development Bank, and RFC . GEORGE STERNLIEB AND DAVID LISTOKIN , eds. Regional Wage Inflation . R. L. MARTIN , ed. Finding A Place For Energy-Siting Coal Conversion Facilities . FRANK J. CALZONETTI WITH MARK S. ECKERT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Environmentalism. Second Edition . T. O'RIORDAN . Countryside Conservation . BRYN GREEN . Medical Spatial Diffusion: An Historical Geography of Epidemics in an Island Community . A. D. CLIFF , P. HAGGETT , J. K. ORD , AND G. R. VERSEY . Philosophy and Geographic Thought Order and Skepticism: Human Geography and the Dialectic of Science . RICHARD SZYMANSKI AND JOHN A. AGNEW . Measurement of Subjective Phenomena . D. F. JOHNSTON , ed. Conceptions of Space in Social Thought: A Geographic Perspective . ROBERT DAVID SACK . The Association of American Geographers: The First Seventy-five Years: 1904-1979 . PRESTON E. JAMES AND GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . The Life and Thought of Isaiah Bowman . GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . Physical River Basin Planning: Theory and Practice . SURANJIT K. SAHA AND CHRISTOPHER J. BARROW , eds. Soils and landforms: An Integration of Ceomorphology and Pedology . A. I. GERRARD Climatic Change and Society. Consequences of Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide . WILLIAM W. KELLOGG AND ROBERT SCHWARE . Political Political Redistrictings and Geographic Theory . RICHARD L. MORRILL . Population Studies in Spanish American Population History: Dell Plain Latin American Studies NO. 8 . DAVID J. ROBINSON , ed. Population Redistribution in the Midwest . CURTIS C. ROSEMAN , ANDREW J. SOFRANKO , AND JAMES D. WILLIAMS , eds. Geographical Perspectives on the Elderly . A. M. WARNES , ed. Regional Perspective On the American South . MERLE BLACK AND JOHN SHELTON REED , eds. The Prairies and Plains: Prospects for the 80s . JOHN R. ROGGE , ed. Rural Rural Settlement in an Urban World . MICHAEL BUNCE . Social Accident at Three Mile Island: The Human Dimensions . DAVID L. SILLS , C. P. WOLF , AND VIVIEN B. SHELANSKI , eds. The American Small Town: Twentieth-Century Place Images . JOHN JAKLE . Urban A House of My Own . SUSAN LOBO . The City: Patterns and Processes in the Urban Ecosystem . CHRISTOPHER H. EXLINE , GARY L. PETERS , AND ROBERT P. LARKIN . Movement in Cities . P. W. DANIELS AND A. M. WARNES . Urbanization and Urban Planning in Capitalist Society . MICHAEL DEAR AND ALLEN J. SCOT , eds.     

非等步长GM(1,1)模型及其在大堤沉降监测的应用

针对非等步长数据,传统GM方法是构造等步长序列,生成1-AGO序列,再建立等步长GM(1,1)模型。考虑到变形观测序列非等步长特性,以相邻观测时间间隔为权,直接生成1-WAGO序列,建立非等步长GM(1,1)模型。将GM(1,1)模型应用于堤防工程沉降观测分析与预报,得到了有益的结论。     

基于GIS技术的武夷山市农村居民点空间分布特征

农村居民点形成和发展与区域的自然环境有着密切的关系。利用GIS空间分析功能,定量分析农村居民点与海拔高度、坡度、坡向、交通、河流等自然环境因子的关系,结果表明:①武夷山市农村居民点的分布格局受海拔、坡度、坡向、道路、河流的影响比较明显。②农村居民点呈数量多、质量低、大散居、小聚居的空间分布特征,部分居民点分布在不适宜人们居住的区域,有待调整。因此本研究能为武夷山市农村居民点整理、农村居民点规划提供一定的决策支持。     

某新居工程沉降观测基准设计及数据分析

概述了成都市金牛区新居工程侯家B组团(一标段4号楼)沉降观测工程基本情况,就基准点的布设和基准网稳定性做了详细论述,通过监测数据分析该建筑物的变形情况并作出相应结论。