昆明VLBI观测站终端控制软件的设计

针对昆明VLBI观测站终端设备(S3数据采集系统)的特殊性,设计在标准的终端控制计算机(Field System)上能够控制相应硬件设备的软件.S3数据采集系统包括SX接收机、中频分配器、视频转换器、时延计数器、噪声控制开关和气象数据自动采集仪.设计过程中,考虑到软件的可读性和可维护性,各种设备分别用相应的子函数来完成具体功能,各子函数由主程序调用.在完成程序安装后,经测试能与S3数据采集系统进行良好的通讯,达到控制各硬件设备的目的及满足实际测控工作的需要.     

当代光学天文望远镜控制系统新技术

对当代光学天文望远镜控制系统技术之进展进行了综述，同时也对这一领域的未来发展作了一些预测，以期给这一领域的控制工程师们提供一个与他们专业需要有关的概貌。     

Spatial analysis of public health facilities in Riyadh Governorate,Saudi Arabia: a GIS-based study to assess geographic variations of service provision and accessibility

Much attention has been given to address public health policy in Saudi Arabia, particularly for the management, quality, and coverage issues. However, assessment of spatial patterns, distribution, and provision of public health services has been neglected. This paper analyzes the availability and accessibility of public health facilities across Riyadh Governorate, Saudi Arabia at the subnational level. Spatial and attribute data of public health facilities potentially have been analyzed using GIS to produce accurate measure of accessibility. The spatial pattern of service distribution was examined using average nearest neighbor. Distances from demand points (populations) to providers (facilities) were calculated for each district using near analysis. In addition, the ratios of public health facility to population were calculated to identify underserved and overserved areas. The findings clearly indicate that the spatial pattern of the distribution of public health facilities was significantly clustered (p value < 0.001) with Z-score of ?10.9. Several districts within the central parts of the governorate were identified as having a higher density of facilities, while most of districts that are located in the marginal parts exhibit very low density of health facilities. Overall, there was a considerable variation in the average distance from district centroids to health facilities. Substantially, less than half of the population (45.4%) living in 61 districts has access to public health facility within less than 1-km distance. In contrast, the greatest increase in distances was observed for 6% of population living in 38 districts. People that live in such districts need to travel long distances for public health care. The output of this analysis can assist policy-makers and authorities of Riyadh Governorate in planning public health delivery.     

基于GIS技术的居住区级公共服务设施配置研究——以沈阳市沈水新城为例

以沈阳市沈水新城为例,对居住区公共服务设施布局进行研究。应用GIS技术在空间布局和综合评价方面的优势对公共服务设施进行定性、定量、定位评价分析,建立公共服务设施规划选址评价体系,达到了通过定量指标选址的目的,增强了规划的科学性,提高了公共服务设施选址的效率。为地理信息技术应用在公共服务设施配置选址领域提供了技术、方法和理论支持。     

竞争型公共设施区位决策——概念、选址原则及模型构建

竞争型公共设施竞争性、公益性并存,其区位决策相对更加复杂。首先提出了“竞争型公共设施”的概念,指出“兼顾效率与公平的空间均衡”是其选址的基本原则,并概括出具体选址要求：遵循供需双方的空间相互作用模式、限制至邻近设施的最大出行成本、追求总出行成本最小化、约束设施规模门槛、与低层级设施在出行成本上相区分等。其次构建了基于概率分配规则的重力P中值模型,通过纳入设施规模因子实现区位和规模同步求解,并对邻近设施最大出行成本和设施最小规模进行约束,以实现空间公平-效率、服务质量公平与规模效率等多重目标。最后经过实证检验,优化后的设施布局更为均衡合理。     

北京市小龙河湿地公园小品设计

湿地公园是以湿地景观为主体,在保护湿地生态系统的基础上,供人们开展科学研究和生态旅游的区域。以小龙河湿地公园为研究对象,介绍了湿地公园的现状、规划方案,分析了各个尺度湿地公园小品的空间分布、设计方式,总结了小龙河湿地公园小品的设计方案。     

Accounting for natural-climatic conditions in the design of roads in western Siberia

The paper proposes a methodological scheme that thoroughly accounts for natural-climatic conditions which can impair the stability and longevity of transport facilities (roadways), to ensure the best possible quality of the initial road design. Factors determining the formation of water-heating mode subgrade soils are allocated, and an information database for mathematical modeling of geocomplexes is shown. Values of strength and deformability of clay soils are calculated within the limits of the defined, homogeneous road districts in Western Siberia to provide the required level of reliability of design solutions.     

海洋监测设备实验水槽的环境动力参数Ⅱ.模型参数

确定几何缩尺比和模拟的环境参数是开展物理模型实验的基础。为了提供海洋监测仪器设备模型测试时所需的选取环境参数及其模型值的依据,给出了"工作海况"和"极端海况"条件下各典型海域的风、浪、流等环境参数,确定了两个典型几何缩尺比对应的模型参数,并给出典型设备特别是海洋能利用装置在水槽进行模型实验时的模拟参数选取。     

渤中3—2边际小油气田开发策略研究

渤中3—2油田位于渤海中部海域,其距已探明的油田远,储量规模小,抗风险能力差。在研究油田储量充分动用的基础上,运用油藏工程和数值模拟技术,对油田开发方式、层系、注采井网、井型、井位及井距等参数进行精细研究,得到了通过提高初期单井产能实现油田经济高速高效开发,体现边际小油田开发特点的开发方案。为了更有效的规避油田开发中的风险和挖掘油田的潜力,方案对风险和潜力进行了细致研究并制订相应对策,使开发方案的可操作性更强。合理简化工程设施,采用“简易井口平台＋可移动式采油平台”“蜜蜂式”采油设施,改善了油田的开发效果,为渤海湾今后大规模开发中小型边际油气田积累了实践经验,开辟了新的思路。     

气象服务的企业化问题研究

着重论证在社会经济系统中 ,气象服务应当隶属于第三产业 ,从事气象业务的气象事业单位 ,应该按照企业管理的原则进行管理 ,并应该逐步走上企业经营的轨道。