山西太原尖草坪3.8级地震前合欢树生物电位的异常变化

介绍了 2 0 0 1年 8月 13日山西太原尖草坪 3.8级地震前 ,太钢地震台合欢树生物电位的前兆异常变化 ,指出合欢树对于太原地区的有感地震映震性能较好 ,为进一步研究合欢树震前的异常变化 ,提出应在太原地区多增加一些合欢树地震观测点的建议     

塔里木沙漠公路植物固沙灌溉方式比较研究

在塔里木沙漠公路沿线两侧建立植物固沙体系时首先应确定适宜的灌溉方式。从1998年开始，我们根据不同灌溉方式本身的优缺点与前期试验结果，结合立地条件，在塔里木沙漠公路L292处选择沟灌、畦灌与滴灌进行植物固沙灌溉方式比较试验，对不同灌溉方式植物生长状况、沙层直渍度变化、制度及成本投入比较分析后认为，滴灌不受起伏沙丘地形限制，水利利用效率高，能够保证植物正常生长，且费用最低，因而是塔里木沙漠公路植物固沙的首选灌溉方式。     

应用荧光光谱特征作受害植物判别指标的研究

本文讨论了几种植物在正常、受害及衰老状况下的荧光光谱特征及其变化。结果表明,叶绿素两个荧光峰强度的消长与植物受害程度有着内在的联系,利用这种关系可预测植物长势和进行植物生理状态的研究。     

关于植被激光荧光遥感的若干基本问题

本文较系统地论述了应用激光荧光技术进行植被遥感的若干基本向题。其中包括原理、荧光探测的植物生理学基础、植物荧光光谱特征的意义及激光诱导荧光遥感方法的应用前景等。     

The responses of the estuarine bivalve mollusc Scrobicularia to the first hydrolytic product of the insecticide Sevin®

The effects of 1-naphthol, the first hydrolytic product of the insecticide Sevin^®, have been studied on the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia. Median lethal times for 5 and 10 mg l^?1 1-naphthol were 15 and 9 days respectively. Final concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 mg l^?1 of 1-naphthol resulted in the immediate contraction of the isolated siphon. The contractions were more pronounced at higher concentrations. Application of the same range of concentrations of 1-naphthol to intact Scrobicularia resulted in valve closure and bradycardia. The similarity between the results of median lethal time experiments and the isolated siphonal and behavioural responses of Scrobicularia indicates the feasibility of the use of the isolated siphon preparations to make rapid assessments of environmental stress conditions.     

陆地表面复杂过程模式及耦合植物生态过程的研究进展

植物生态过程在陆面过程模式起重要作用，本文从陆面过程的发展历程分析植物生态过程与其耦合的状况，包括在耦合过程中先后出现的孤立的物理过程模式、简单的耦合生物过程模式、机理的植物生理－生物化学耦合模式、复杂的生物地球化学循环耦合模式和动态的生物地理模型耦合模式。最后探讨了陆面过程模式的进一步发展的方向。     

Vegetation change in the coastal-lowland rainforest at Avai'o'vuna Swamp, Vava'u, Kingdom of Tonga

Avai'o'vuna Swamp, a small coastal wetland in Vava'u, Kingdom of Tonga, produced a 4500-year pollen and sediment record. Results are: (1) a mid-Holocene sea level highstand is confirmed for Tonga between about 4500 and 2600 ¹⁴C yr B.P.; marine clay contains pollen from mangroves (Rhizophora mangle), coastal forest trees (Barringtonia asiatica and Cocos nucifera), and rainforest trees (Alphitonia, Rhus, Hedycarya and Calophyllum). (2) Microscopic charcoal first appeared at 2600 ¹⁴C yr B.P., coincident with the arrival of Polynesians. (3) Cocos, Pandanus, Excoecaria, Macaranga, and Elaeocarpaceae pollen reflects the establishment of a mixed coastal-lowland rainforest in the last 2500 years. (4) The loss of Hedycarya, Elaeocarpus, Calophyllum, and Guettarda and the reduction of Terminalia and taxa in the Papilionaceae family by about 1000 years ago may be due to habitat destruction and the loss of dispersal capabilities of some species through the extinction of the two largest pigeons in Tonga.     

Effect of structure and texture on infiltration flow pattern during flood irrigation

Understanding the flow pattern of water and solute in subsurface soils is critically important in the fields of agricultural and environmental sciences. Dye tracer tests using a flood irrigation of Brilliant Blue FCF solution (5 g l^-1) and excavation method was performed to investigate the effect of texture and structure on the infiltration pattern at three different field soils developed from granite (GR), gneiss (GN) and limestone (LS). The GR soil showed a homogeneous matrix flow in the surface soil with weak, medium granular structure and a macropore flow along pegmatitic vein and plant root in C horizon. The surface horizon (A1) of GN soil with moderate, medium granular structure and many fine roots had matrix flow. The fingering occurred at the interfaces of sandy loam A horizon and loamy sand C horizon in GR soil and loam A1 horizon and sandy loam A2 horizon in GN soil. The LS soil with strong, coarse prismatic structure and the finest texture showed a macropore flow along cracks and had the deepest penetration of the dye tracer. The macropore (crack and vein), layer interface and plant root induced the preferential flow in the studied soils.     

应用遥感图像分析植物群落的分布图式

本文探讨了依据遥感图像,从整体上自动地(或半自动地)研究了植物群落的方法。针对植物群落的复杂性,本文研究了下述三个方面的内容:(1)划分植物群落,并从图像上分析群落的分异规律;(2)将植物群落序列结构化;(3)确定植物群落的分布图式。上述三个方面研究成果已应用于西藏班戈地区的植物群落分析中,事实证明,这是一种新颖且有意义的植物学研究方法