P507负载泡塑分离ICPMs测定地质样品中的痕量银

结合前人研究工作,利用P507可有效分离银ICPMS测定的Zr,Nb等干扰元素,对P507负载泡塑分离ICPMs测定地质样品中的痕量银进一步验证讨论,以便该方法在行业内领域得以广泛应用,促进行业内地质样品中Ag及微量元素测试的效率与测试技术的提高,实现地质样品中痕量银及微量元素ICPMS同步快速准确分析。     

Electron Probe Microanalysis of Environmental Samples: Preparation of Reference Materials, Correction for Particle Size Effects and Representative Results on Sediments Recovered from Snow, Power Station Fly Ash and Bone Samples

In this paper we report the results of electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) that was used to study environmental materials. The mode of preparation and certification of reference samples based on a basaltic glass matrix for environmental applications of EPMA is described. These samples were prepared containing scandium, strontium and barium (from 0.03 up to 7% m/m) and an evaluation was made of homogeneity, their stability to local heating, followed by analysis by independent methods for certification of composition. Matrix correction procedures for the EPMA technique have been developed for particles having a size commensurable with the volume of X-ray generation. An analytical equation for the size factor is proposed and two techniques for selecting optimum conditions for the analysis of environmental samples by EPMA are reported. These procedures provided satisfactory results when utilized in analysing sediments recovered from snow, coal fly ash and the bones of animals and fish, results from which can be used as indicators for evaluating the pollution level of the lower atmosphere, surface and ground water, as well as revealing pollution mechanisms.     

在线萃取－火焰原子吸收测定地质样品中的痕量金

利用流动注射在线萃取技术，以ＭＩＢＫ为萃取剂，用火焰原子吸收分析方法测定地质样品中的痕量金，取得了满意的效果。该法精密度好，无污染，操作简便，测定迅速，且样品不需分离。方法检出限Ａｕ为０．７８×１０－９，精密度为２．３０％。     

探测受压岩样破裂区域的CT试验方法

本文对应用SYC 系列声波仪探测室内受压岩样破裂区域的试验技术进行了分析,提出了一种在稳压阶段及卸荷后测量声波走时的试验方法,并通过试验对时间因素及卸荷产生的走时误差进行了初步探讨,证明这种试验方法是可行的。     

化探样品中微量铅、锡、铬、钼和钴的发射光谱法同时测定

本文以CdCl_2·2.5H_2O为反应剂,采用“下垫上滴”缓冲刺的装样形式,通过大量镉盐的蒸发控制电极温度,使被测元素预先分馏,有效地改善了它们的蒸发行为,同时,减小了基体效应、光谱背景。本法其有良好的精密度和准确度,各元素的检出限(×10~(-5))分别为:Pb(1),Sn(0.37),Cr(1.8),Ni(3.51,Mo(0.1)和Co(0.38),其相对标准偏差(RSD)为±3.7—9.5%     

Pressurised Extraction Using Dilute Ammonia: A Simple Method for Determination of Iodine in Soil, Sediment and Biological Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

A simple sample treatment method for the accurate and precise determination of iodine in soil, sediment and biological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is described. Iodine in samples was extracted in screw top PTFE-lined stainless steel bombs using a 10% v/v ammonia solution at 185 C for 18 hours (overnight), after which the extract was introduced into the ICP-MS for direct measurement. ¹²⁶Te was employed as the internal standard to compensate for matrix effects and instrument drift. The limit of detection (LOD, three times the standard deviation of the procedural blank solution, expressed as the concentration in the sample solution) was 0.003 ng ml-^-1. The limit of quantitation (LOQ, ten times the standard deviation of the procedural blank solution, expressed as the concentration in the solid samples, dilution factor DF = 100) was 0.01 μg g-^-1 (dry mass). The accuracy and precision of the method were demonstrated by analysing different Chinese geological certified reference materials (soils, stream sediments and a hair sample). The measured concentrations were in a good agreement with the certified values indicating that bias in the method was not significant. The precision (n = 10) for different concentrations ranged from 1.82% to 4.32% RSD. Comparison of the ammonia extraction procedure with a "sintering" method indicated that there was no significant difference in results obtained with the two methods for geological soil and stream sediment samples. However, for biological samples, such as hair, kelp, tea etc., the results obtained by the sintering method were far below those of the ammonia extraction method. The ammonia extraction has advantages, as it is simpler than the "sintering" method, and has a lower procedural blank, better detection limits and reproducibility. Due to the simplicity of the method, a high rate of sample throughput is possible.     

Analytical Developments in Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry 2003

This annual review of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) highlights significant progress in the application of the technology for the following areas: U-Pb geochronology (notably in the fields of reference material zircons), sources of uncertainty during analysis and secondary ion yields. Major publications introduced a new zircon reference sample and dealt with an intercomparison study of a suite of established calibrators, some of which have been shown to have certain limitations. Another publication claimed that the principal uncertainty in U-Pb dating is related to variations in the Pb and U relative emission yields over a complete analytical session. 2003 saw the introduction of an automated particle identification procedure applied to the analysis of a chondritic meteorite, as well as new geometries of SIMS hardware (NanoSIMS) and techniques (time-of-flight SIMS). NanoSIMS allows a two to three order of magnitude reduction in sampling volume as a result of a reduced beam diameter, and time-of-flight SIMS allows the study of sample surfaces, and can provide data for elements concurrently.     

流动注射分析及其在地质样品痕量元素测试中的应用

简述了流动注射分析方法的发展及其特点,介绍了流动注射在线分析技术,包括流动注射－原子光谱法、流动注射－分光光度法和流动注射－电化学分析法等联用技术在地质样品分析中的应用情况。     

地质样品中稀土总量的X射线荧光分析法测定

本文研究了稀土元素Ｃｅ的质量分数ｗＣｅ与由Ｃｅ至Ｌｕ１２元素质量分数之和ｗ１２（Ｎｄ除外）间的关系，发现ｗＣｅ和ｗ１２间存在明显一致的线性相关性。回归ｗ１２－ＩＣｅ标准工作曲线，实现了ｗ１２的直接测定。方法采用直接粉末压片制样，光谱仪测定ｗＣｅ，ｗＬａ，ｗＮｄ，ｗＹ，ｗ１２参数条件实现与稀土总量的转换。按本法对标准物质进行单项测定，结果令人满意     

用微波封闭溶样氢醌滴定法快速测定金

采用HNO3—NaCl^--MnO2-NK4HF2溶样体系，在微波场中对矿样进行封闭溶解。实验表明，称样20g，利用聚丙烯溶样瓶，在微波场内只要照射2～3min，即可将矿样中的Au完全分解，以活性炭进行吸附富集，氢醌滴定法进行测定，其分析结果可满足地质找矿和选冶工艺对Au分析的要求。