Regularities in Spatial Information Processing: Implications for Modeling Destination Choice

This paper investigates the determinants of spatial knowledge and how our knowledge of space varies according to geographic location. By using data on U.S. city names recalled at 22 test locations, a multivariate model of the information surface specific to each test location is calibrated. This model links the probability of a city being recalled from memory to its distance from the test site, its population size, its location with respect to other cities, and whether or not it is a state capital. The paper then suggests that these recall data provide information on spatial knowledge surfaces from which large-scale spatial choices, such as migration destinations, are made. Results from the analysis lend further evidence to the idea that spatial knowledge is stored and processed hierarchically and that individuals underrepresent information in large clusters. Consequently, the results have important implications for modeling any spatial behavior based on individuals' spatial information surfaces. In particular, the results cast further doubt on the validity of traditional large-scale spatial choice frameworks and lend support to the competing destinations hypothesis.     

GIS and remote sensing integration for environmental applications

Abstract

The combined use of remotely-sensed images and vector GIS data has received considerable interest in recent years. This review article discusses the historical move towards closer integration of remote sensing and GIS technologies and the requirements of integrated software systems to enable remotely-sensed data to be combined with vector datasets for maximum effect. The benefits of integration to users of both GIS and remote sensing for environmental applications are reviewed and some thoughts are given on terminology and future directions in this field.     

Modeling uncertainty of moving objects on road networks via space–time prisms

Moving objects produce trajectories, which are typically observed in a finite sample of time‐stamped locations. Between sample points, we are uncertain about the moving objects's location. When we assume extra information about an object, for instance, a (possibly location‐dependent) speed limit, we can use space–time prisms to model the uncertainty of an object's location.

Until now, space–time prisms have been studied for unconstrained movement in the 2D plane. In this paper, we study space–time prisms for objects that are constrained to travel on a road network. Movement on a road network can be viewed as essentially one‐dimensional. We describe the geometry of a space–time prism on a road network and give an algorithm to compute and visualize space–time prisms. For experiments and illustration, we have implemented this algorithm in MATHEMATICA.

Furthermore, we study the alibi query, which asks whether two moving objects could have possibly met or not. This comes down to deciding if the chains of space–time prisms produced by these moving objects intersect. We give an efficient algorithm to answer the alibi query for moving objects on a road network. This algorithm also determines where and when two moving objects may have met.     

对1970云南通海地震参数、伤亡、公布形式质疑的商榷

1970云南通海大地震造成15 621人丧生,是1949年建国以来仅次于唐山地震与汶川地震死亡人数最多的地震。由于在特定历史时期发生的地震,因而在社会上对这个地震的情况产生了质疑,质疑最终的结果是贬低本次地震的部分工作,这与过去所做的结论有冲突,就此,本文就质疑的地名、震级、伤亡人数及公布方式等相关问题,从文献与档案资料进行调查研究和分析,回复质疑并对历史真实情况及事件发生的原委得出结论。     

基于语义类型本体的地名组配查询

地名查询方式多种多样,但它们都没有考虑地名语义类型因素,而语义类型恰恰是地名信息中相当重要的一部分。以地名语义分类为基础,构建了地名语义类型本体模型,并以郑州市为例进行了地名组配查询实验。结果表明,该方式对于检索地名的相关信息具有较好的辅助作用,为地名查询与检索作了有益的补充。     

GQL: Extending Xquery to query GML documents

GML is becoming the de facto standard for electronic data exchange among the applications of Web and distributed geographic information systems. However, the conventional query languages (e.g. SQL and its extended versions) are not suitable for direct querying and updating of GML documents. Even the effective approaches working well with XML could not guarantee good results when applied to GML documents. Although XQuery is a powerful standard query language for XML, it is not proposed for queryings spatial features, which constitute the most important components in GML documents. We proposes GQL, a query language specification to support spatial queries over GML documents by extending XQuery. The data model, algebra, and formal semantics as well as various spatial functions and operations of GQL are presented in detail.     

地名分词搜索的词典设计与匹配方法研究

阐述了专门用于分词搜索的关键词词典设计,提出了采用逆向最大匹配和权重匹配相结合的方法,实现了更加准确、高效的地名搜索。     

海量、异构矿业权核查数据的查询与优化

矿业权核查单个矿业权成果数据具有文件小、数量多、异构、多源等特点,对从海量、异构核查成果数据中快速查询并提取数据提出了挑战。本文探讨并建立了科学合理的数据模型．并提出综合应用表分区、存储过程、优化查询语句等数据库技术,有效提高了核查成果数据的访问与提取效率,为相同或类似应用需求提供了参考。     

党校二维及三维可视化建模实践应用

空间信息可视化是二维地理信息系统（GIS）的主要功能之一,实现属性和图形互查询也是近年来地理信息专业人员研究开发的重点。以泰安市委党校为实例,在分析GIS相关理论和国内外二维、三维GIS研究基础上,基于Visual Studio NET2005平台及ArcGIS Engine组件库构建了数字党校可视化模块并实现了符号化配置功能。将党校餐厅及礼堂平面图添加到应用程序中运行演示。同时根据底图运用3DMAX软件进行三维场景建模,实现三维漫游。二维信息查询与三维场景相结合实现党校数字化建设。     

利用自然语言空间关系的空间查询方法研究

首先,从空间认知语言学的角度研究了空间关系自然语言描述中谓词、量词等的分类方法;然后,在分析空间查询语言特点的基础上建立了自然语言空间查询的4类句法模式;最后,设计了一个基于自然语言空间关系的空间查询系统框架,并进行了初步实现。