A Computer Model for Cyclic Activity of Strong Earthquakes in Continental Seismic Zones

Based on the study of activity of earthquakes with M**********>7.0 in mainland China,we have found a dynamic pattern,i.e.,the cyclic characteristics in time and migration from one seismic zone to another in space.In order to understand the physical mechanism of this pattern,we use a nonlinear dynamic model to simulate the seismic activity in fault zones under a unified tectonic stress field.The basic elements in our model consist of a Maxwell body and a rigid sliding block.Basic elements in a column represent a fault,and coupling elements connecting different columns simulate the interaction among faults and fault segments.The results provide insights to the cyclic activity of strong earthquakes and to the feature of mutual influence between strong earthquakes in groups in the climax of seismic activity.     

含水平缝薄互层储层地震响应特征物理模拟

油气储层之中常存在沿层理发育的水平裂缝,并对储层特性有着不可忽视的影响.水平裂缝与层理平行,使得裂缝的地震响应与层理的地震响应互相混叠,给水平缝的地震识别带来了困难.本文利用地震物理模拟技术,模拟并分析了含水平裂缝的薄互层储层地震响应特征,为水平裂缝的地震识别提供依据.首先设计并制作了用于模拟含水平裂缝的薄互层储层物理...     

孔隙压变化对岩石错动面滑动行为影响的实验研究

应用摩擦实验装置，在法向压力σ＿ｎ＝１０～１２０ＭＰａ下研究了孔隙压变化速率对岩石错动面滑动行为的影响。当孔隙压增压速率较大时，具粘滑振荡特性的岩石错动面仍将发生粘滑振荡，当孔隙压增压速率较小时，错动面发生稳定滑动，当增压速率介于上述两者之间时，错动面则呈粘滑－稳滑转化。以上结果对地震前兆和地震控制研究有重要意义     

MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANATURE-LIKE BANK PROTECTION

1 INTRODUCTIONFor the pmpose of river restoration of the river Isar in the city area of Munich several inveshgationswere cAned out at the InshtUte for Hydrosciences, German Armed Forces University Munich. The calculation ofwater level for the differnt planned variants were realized by a 2d mathematical model. Although thesesimulahons were a very helpfol basis for fuIther planing, a physical model was constrUcted in order toinvestigate detalled problems.The main interest was focussed …     

PHYSICAL MODELING OF HYDRAULIC DESILTATION IN TAPU RESERVOIR

1 INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, the concePt of long-term sustained use of reservoirs has been addressed because areservoir is very much considered to be a nonrenewable resource (Morris and Fan, l998). Technically,many options for reservoir sedAnentation control can be utlized to pursue the sustainable develoPment ofwater resources. In general, reduction of incoming sedimen yields from watersheds is often emPloyedin conjunction with hydraulic methods such as flushing or density currnt vot…     

岩性、含油气性、有效覆盖压力对纵、横波速度的影响

在具有代表性的正旋回砂砾岩储层中，８种不同岩性的典型样品，在５种含油（气）水饱和状态下测试了纵、横波速度（Ｖｐ和Ｖｓ）与有效覆盖压力（△Ｐ）变化关系曲线。结果表明：（１）Ｖｐ和Ｖｓ与△Ｐ呈指数递增，Ｖｐ和Ｖｓ随△Ｐ变化在低压范围比高压范围更敏感，而Ｖｐ比Ｖｓ的灵敏度高。（２）同一状态下，同一非均质单层内的岩性变化范围控制了不同的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ，Ｖｓ－△Ｐ曲线族的宽度。岩性由细到粗，Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线由低向高变化，含钙、含砾粗砂岩的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线处于曲线族的上界，砾状砂岩的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线低于含砾粗砂岩的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线。Ｖｓ－△Ｐ曲线也有上述规律。（３）同一样品，研究５种不同饱和度状态下的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ和Ｖｓ－△Ｐ曲线，发现无论压力条件如何，波速与饱和度均呈线性关系。（４）在同一的非均质单层内，Ｖｐ－△Ｐ，Ｖｓ－△Ｐ变化曲线随着含油、气、水饱和状态的不同具有明显的分带性。气饱和Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线族在形态及幅度变化上明显区别于油、水饱和状态，束缚水、残余油状态的Ｖｐ－△Ｐ曲线族，Ｖｓ－△Ｐ曲线也有上述规律。气饱和状态的Ｖｐ和Ｖｓ随△Ｐ变化的敏感度高于油、水饱和状态，气饱和状态的Ｖｐ随△Ｐ变化的敏感度高于Ｖｓ。     

Modern tectonic stress field in the Chinese mainland inverted from focal mechanism solutions

IntroductionTheinversionapproachofregionalstressfielddevelopedinrecent10to20yearsprovidesausefultoolforstudyingthemeanstressinagivenregion(Angeller,1979;Ellsworth,1981,Xu,Ge,1984).Becauseitusesmultitudinousfaultsinsteadofsinglefault,itcanremovetheinhomogeneityoflocalmediumsoastorevealtheregionalstressinformation.Besides,thismethodproducesaRvalue,whichisdefinedby(O-2--q)/(q--q),andmaydescribestherelativemagnitUdeofintermediateprincipalstress,whereq,acand%arethemaximum,theintermediateandthemi…     

STABILITY OF NIANCHU RIVER AFTER REGULATION BY STRAIGHTENING: A CASE STUDY FROM TIBET, CHINA

IINTRODUCTIONTheNianchuRiverCatchmentisoneofthemaingrainproducingareasofTibet.TheengineeringregulationoftheriverisanimportantcomponentofstatekeyprojectofChina,"OneRiverandTwoTributariesProject"."OneRiver"herestandsfortheYarlungZhangboRiverandthe"TwoTributaries"aretheNianchuRiverandtheLasaRiverinCentral-SouthernTibet.InordertoimprovethewaterresourcesandtopreventfloodinginTibet,aseriesofhydropowerstations,irrigationdiversionprojects,floodcontrollevees,andreforestationprogramshaveb…     

1995年永登5.8级地震多种前兆异常特征

研究了１９９５年７月２２日甘肃永登５．８级地震地电、水化学、水动态、地应力、地形变等５种前兆的异常特征，得到如下结论：①该次地震中短期（１年尺度）和短临异常空间分布符合“异常震源地点发震机制主要活断层”之间的特定关系，近２～３年的中期异常集中分布在西秦岭北缘北西向断裂带和海原通渭武都南北向断裂带上；②震前约１年时间尺度震源区发育起来了北北西南南东向挤压变化突出的附加应力场，并引起断层错动；③源兆集中分布在本次地震震源周围，场兆集中分布在上述两条活动断裂带上．源兆占异常的大多数，场兆占少数．在时间上场兆出现在先，源兆在后．     

地震丛集的分形新方法—物理分形

地震时间丛集的传统分形分析方法把地震事件看作是时间轴上无质量的数学点。这些方法得到的结果主要反映了大量小地震的活动特征。本文发展了一个新的物理分形分析的筛子方法，采用一系列震级筛子来研究不同震级地震的分布特征。对华北和南加洲的研究结果表明，同一地区地震目录中不同震级范围的子集合具有近似相等的分维数，华北Ｄ＝０．３，南加洲Ｄ＝０．４。