开挖边坡松动区的近似解析

介绍了楔形体与开挖坡体模型之间的关系,提出了确定边坡开挖松动区范围的弹性理论分析方法。阐明在用楔形体理论分析出开挖坡体的应力场的基础上,根据一定的坡体材料强度条件（经过安全储备后的摩尔-库仑强度准则和单轴抗拉强度准则）,且考虑三向应力状态,计算搜索坡体在该稳定系数下的开挖松动区,由此计算出在坡体自上而下分步开挖过程中每一步开挖施工完成之后相应的松动区来。提出了分析计算坡体开挖松动区的主要步骤,说明在分步开挖过程中,计算搜索每一步开挖后的坡体松动区主要需通过讨论上一步开挖后的坡体应力场、本步开挖卸荷量及本步开挖后产生的松动区范围等问题来实现。最后,用算例较为详细地说明了用弹性楔形体理论解析坡体开挖松动区的具体操作过程。     

我国螺旋度的研究及应用

对自20世纪90年代以来至今国内关于螺旋度理论及应用研究工作进行了较系统地总结,将螺旋度归类为垂直螺旋度、水平螺旋度及完全螺旋度,同时又将垂直螺旋度划分为局地垂直螺旋度和积分垂直螺旋度,详细介绍并给出了每一类螺旋度的计算表达式以及其在天气诊断分析中的应用状况,对螺旋度的应用研究现状进行了简单地分析与讨论,最后展望了未来螺旋度研究与应用的发展方向。     

Seismic electric signals in seismic prone areas

The Varotsos-Alexopoulos-Nomicos(VAN) method of short-term earthquake prediction was introduced in the 1980s. The VAN method enables estimation of the epicenter, magnitude and occurrence time of an impending earthquake by observing transient changes of the electric field of the Earth termed seismic electric signals(SES). Here, we present a few examples of SES observed in various earthquake prone areas worldwide.     

震前大气电场异常的区域性特征

在了近场每次较大地震发生前，均能观测到明显的大气电场负异常信息。在观测不到明显的大气电场负异常时，近场近期一般不会有较大地震发生的基础上，本文对北京及其附近地区为例，利用所观测到的在气电场异常资料及１９８５年后该地区所发生的８次Ｍｌ≥４地震资料，较深入地探讨了震前大气电场异常的空间分布特征，取得了一些规律性的认识：（１）异常多发生在距震中不太范围内，且随着震级的增大异常区的范围也增大。（２）较大地     

Morphology of NmF2 nighttime increases in the Eurasian sector

A statistical analysis of two peaks (pre-midnight and post-midnight) occurrence in NmF2 daily variations was made on a latitudinal chain of four ionosonde stations in the Eurasian longitudinal sector. Overall 6182 cases of the first and 5600 cases of the second peak occurrence were analyzed using all available foF2 observations for the years of solar maximum and minimum. Well-pronounced and systematic variations with season and solar activity were revealed in the occurrence probability of the peaks, their amplitude and timing. The pattern of both peaks occurrence is similar during winter and equinoxes for midlatitude stations implying one and the same mechanism of their formation. The pre-midnight summer peak shows specific variations in particular during solar maximum pointing to a different mechanism controlling its appearance. Possible mechanisms of both peaks formation are discussed.     

Effects of substorms on the stormtime ring current index Dst

There has been some discussion in recent times regarding whether or not substorm expansive phase activity plays any role of importance in the formation of the stormtime ring current. I explore this question using the K_p index as a proxy for substorm expansive phase activity and the D_st index as a proxy for symmetric ring current strength. I find that increases in D_st are mildly related to the strength of substorm expansive phase activity during the development of the storm main phase. More surprisingly, I find that the strength of D_st during the storm recovery phase is positively correlated with the strength of substorm expansive phase activity. This result has an important bearing on the question of how much the Dst index reflects activity other than that of the stormtime symmetric ring current strength for which it is supposed to be a proxy.     

The Pindos Fold-and-thrust belt (Greece): inversion kinematics of a passive continental margin

Continuous exposure in the Pindos mountain chain (Greece) and the detailed stratigraphic measurements in the area enable us to construct eight balanced cross sections across the Pindos Fold-and-thrust belt (PFTB) and to approach quantitatively some parameters which controlled foreland evolution. The 160-km-wide passive continental margin of the Apulian continent in Greece was progressively shortened from east to west at rates of 6 mm/year between the Early Oligocene and Late Eocene. From the rear to the frontal part of the wedge, fault-bend folds, duplexes and imbricates were formed, while strain was partitioned into faulting (~34%), layer parallel shortening (~23%) and buckling (~9%). Foreland subsidence and internal deformation of the orogenic wedge are strongly affected by two parameters of equal importance: the thrust load of the overthrusted microcontinents and the rigidity of the underthrusted Apulian passive margin. Changes in the thickness of the pre-orogenic sediments and reactivated transform faults induced salients. During the Lower Miocene, the orogenic wedge in the Peloponnese suffered additional uplift and westward gravitational gliding induced by the intracontinental subduction of the Palaeozoic rift zone of the Phyllite-Quartzite Series, which was reactivated and returned to the earths surface during the Hellenic orogeny.     

Geomorphological study on a clastic accretionary prism: The Nankai Trough

Abstract The Nankai Trough, off southwest Japan, is one of the best sites for the study of geomorphic characteristics of a clastic accretionary prism. A recent multibeam survey over the central and eastern parts of the Nankai accretionary prism has revealed a large variation of the topography along the trough axis. Analysis of the bathymetric data suggests the existence of prism deformational features of different scales, such as depressions, embayment structures and cusps. These structures are the results of slope instability caused by basement relief of subducted oceanic plate. Unstable slopes recover by new accretion and development of a low angle thrust. Small-scale deformation due to the subduction of a small isolated seamount is then adjusted to the regional trend. By contrast, a 30 km indentation of the wedge observed in the eastern part of the Nankai Trough, the Tenryu Cusp, has seemed to retain its geometry. The subducted Philippine Sea plate has deformed greatly near the eastern end of the Nankai Trough, because of the collision between the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) arc and central Japan. Therefore, the indentation may be the result of the continuous subduction of a basement high, such as the Zenisu Ridge, which has been formed under north-south compression due to the arc-arc collision.     

地热异常的水槽模型实验

作为地球物理场的一个分支,地温场在理论和应用研究方面与其它地球物理场一样,也主要是依靠数学方法和物理模型实验的方法来进行的。本文讨论了地热异常水槽模型实验的理论原理;介绍了实验方法技术、实验结果和实际应用效果。     

既有建筑地基基础加固劈裂注浆法在青纸汽运办公楼的应用

青纸汽运办公由于部分基础座落在松散的杂填土层上，产生不均匀沉降破坏，通过劈裂注浆加固，建筑物停止沉降，地基土承载力标准值提高了4倍，效果显著。加固劈裂注浆法是治理既有建筑地基基础沉降灾害的有效方法之一。