采用软钢阻尼器连接的L形装配式剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

基于"强水平缝弱竖向缝"的设计理念,对采用软钢阻尼器直接连接腹板墙和翼缘墙的L形装配式剪力墙试件进行低周反复荷载试验。试验结果表明试件的整体工作性能良好,其位移延性系数均大于2.6,具有良好的变形性能;阻尼器平面内工作性能良好,能够实现屈服耗能。设计中应考虑阻尼器的屈服力对单片墙肢轴压比的影响,以满足规范对试件轴压比的要求,同时避免试件在两个加载方向的承载力产生较大差异。     

东海秋季典型站位沉降颗粒物通量

2002年9月在东海的长江口、中陆架区和浙江近岸上升流区三个站位放置沉积物捕获器采集沉降颗粒物。在对颗粒有机碳(POC)、颗粒有机氮(PON)和总颗粒碳(PC)元素分析基础上,采用颗粒物通量模型对沉降通量进行了研究。镜检发现细小无机颗粒物和大颗粒聚合体是三个站位沉降颗粒物的主要形式。大颗粒聚合体有住囊类、粪球聚合体、硅藻聚合体和混杂聚合体四种类型。研究结果显示,东海中陆架区和浙江近岸上升流区沉降颗粒物中POC、PON和PC的百分含量均呈现随水深增加明显降低的趋势,但在长江口,这些成分的含量低且上下均匀。长江口观测到的是大风后的一个实例,存在强烈的再悬浮,各水层颗粒物沉降通量平均(±SE)高达(319.02±65.33)g/(m2.d),尽管如此,沉降颗粒物有机态C/N值却很高(18.0±0.9),明显受陆源颗粒物的影响。POC净沉降通量在浙江近岸上升流区为961mg/(m2.d)(水深55m),在东海中陆架区为123mg/(m2.d)(水深88m),可见浙江近岸上升流区是POC向海底转移的重要区域之一,其垂直转移能力明显高于东海中陆架区。在上升流区域和中陆架区,POC的输出比率大约分别为48%—77%和15%—21%。浙江近岸上升流区和东海中陆架区底层颗粒物再悬浮比率分别为66.50%和88.52%。研究显示,浙江近岸上升流区的水体底层颗粒物受底部平流的影响比东海中陆架区相对较强。     

Dynamic response characterization and simplified analysis methods for viscoelastic dampers considering heat transfer

Viscoelastic (VE) dampers are sensitive to temperature, excitation frequency, and strain level. As they dissipate the kinetic energy from earthquake or wind-induced structural vibrations, their temperature increases from the heat generated, consequently softening their VE materials and lowering their dynamic mechanical properties. Temperature increase can be significant for long-duration loading, but can be limited by heat conduction and convection which depend on damper configuration. The writers analytically explored such effect on the six different dampers by using their previously proposed three-dimensional finite-element analysis method. Results provided better understanding of how heat is generated within the VE material, conducted and stored in different damper parts, and dispersed to the surrounding air. These results also led to characterization of both local (e.g., temperatures, properties, and strain energy density) and global (e.g., hysteresis loops, and stiffness) behavior of VE dampers, and provided a framework for a new simplified one-dimensional (1D) modeling approach for time-history analysis. This new proposed 1D method greatly improves the computation time of the previously proposed long-duration method coupling fractional time-derivatives VE constitutive rule with 1D heat transfer analysis. Unlike the previous method, it idealizes uniform shear strain and VE material property distributions for computational efficiency, but still simulating non-uniform temperature distribution along the thickness direction of the VE material. Despite the approximations, it accurately predicts VE damper global responses.     

不规则高层结构基于新型电磁惯性质量阻尼器的半主动控制

为了研究新型电磁惯性质量阻尼器(Electromagnetic Inertial Mass Damper,EIMD)应用于偏心高层结构振动控制工程的可行性,鉴于半主动控制技术的优点,基于LQR主动控制算法,提出一种可行的EIMD-偏心高层结构半主动控制策略,同时研究EIMD在结构每层中安装位置不同对于控制偏心高层结构扭...     

Exposure to extreme climate decreases self-rated health score: Large-scale survey evidence from China

High temperature is a growing threat and impacts public health through different exposure mechanisms. Our study constructs a comprehensive exposure measurement based on temperature variability, duration, and effective influence range. We investigate human responses to high temperatures through self-rated health scores based on individual-level data from China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS). Results show that higher temperature and temperature variability significantly decrease self-rated health scores. Subjective health risk is most significantly related to the cumulative temperature in the previous two weeks. We also find that the exposure effects at night and on weekdays are more severe. Workers who experience greater exposure from commuting and work environments are negatively impacted by high temperatures. In addition, men, the elderly, middle and low education groups, rural residents are more likely to be impacted by high temperatures.