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241.
Characterization of nutrients in the atmospheric wet and dry deposition observed at the two monitoring sites over Yellow Sea and East China Sea 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
To investigate the atmospheric deposition of nutrients into the coastal and shelf regions of the northwest Pacific Ocean,
observation sites were established upon Qianliyan Island (within the Yellow Sea) and the Shengsi Archipelago (within the East
China Sea), respectively. Nutrient concentrations, including , were determined in both aerosols and rainwater samples. The analytical results contain clear seasonal signatures, with high
values during the dry season and low values during the rainy season. Similar trends are observed for deposition fluxes. The
amount of wet deposition is greater than that of dry deposition for the studied nutrient species. The influence of meteorological
factors such as rainfall means that samples from Qianliyan Island record higher nutrient values than those from Shengsi. Along
with riverine inputs, atmospheric deposition plays an important role in determining the biogeochemistry of nutrient species
in coastal and shelf oceans.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
242.
铁假说和HNLC海区的现场铁加富实验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
20世纪90年代,JohnMart in提出的"铁假说(ironhypothesis)"和以此为中心的海洋铁加富实验(ironenrichments)成为海洋科学领域最受瞩目的事件。"铁假说"的主要内容是:铁限制了HNLC海区中浮游生物的生产力,并进而影响了CO2由海洋上层向深层的输出;如果在HNLC海区加入铁,就可以促进浮游植物的生长,消耗掉过剩的 N、P营养盐,加速C从海洋表层向深层输出,最终降低大气中CO2含量,缓解温室效应。在赤道太平洋和南大洋进行的现场加富实验证明,加入铁以后,这些海区的浮游植物生物量增加,N、P等营养盐被消耗。但是,这些实验并没有降低大气中CO2含量。铁假说只被证实了一半。 相似文献
243.
基于改进SWAT模型的灌溉—施肥—耕作对乌梁素海流域营养物负荷及作物产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
不合理的灌溉、施肥和耕作是导致乌梁素海流域农业面源污染的主要根源,乌梁素海作为我国北方地区重要的生态安全屏障,多年来面临着湖泊水环境污染、水生态退化等问题,科学开展湖泊水环境综合治理首先要解决流域内农业面源污染问题.研究通过修改土壤水平衡、溶质平衡、地下水平衡和作物生长等模块对SWAT 2012原始版本进行改进,并采用改进的SWAT模型构建了乌梁素海流域分布式水文模型,利用实测径流、硝态氮与总磷排放量、地下水埋深以及作物产量校正和验证模型.基于现状情景,以玉米、葵花和小麦3种主要作物为研究对象,设置了削减灌水量、施肥量及调整耕作方式3种农田管理情景.基于改进SWAT模型不同情景的模拟结果,计算分析各管理情景下的硝态氮与总磷负荷及对各作物产量的影响.结果表明,改进SWAT模型具有良好的模拟效果.不同作物削减5%夏灌水量增产最多达8.41%~10.32%,削减10%秋浇水量均明显减少硝态氮和总磷负荷.不同作物营养物负荷均随着氮磷施肥削减比例的增大呈现逐渐降低的趋势,但下降曲线逐渐趋于平缓;各作物产量随氮磷施肥削减比例的增加呈先增加后减少的趋势,其中玉米、小麦氮磷施肥削减比例达20%时产量开... 相似文献
244.
V.V.S.S. Sarma V.R. PrasadB.S.K. Kumar K. RajeevB.M.M. Devi N.P.C. ReddyV.V. Sarma M.D. Kumar 《Continental Shelf Research》2010
Daily variations in nutrients were monitored for 15 months (September 2007–November 2008) in the Godavari estuary, Andhra Pradesh, India, at two fixed locations. River discharge has significant influence on nutrients loading to the estuary, which peaks during June–August (peak discharge period; monsoon) whereas exchanges at the sediment–water interface, groundwater and rainwater contribute significantly during other period. Despite significant amount of nutrients brought by discharge to the study region, phytoplankton biomass, in terms of chlorophyll-a (Chl a), did not increase significantly due to high suspended load and shallow photic depth. Nutrients showed downward gradient towards downstream of the estuary from upstream due to dilution by nutrient poor seawater and biological uptake. The N:P ratios were higher than Redfield ratio in both upstream and downstream of the estuary during no discharge period suggesting PO4 to be a limiting nutrient for phytoplankton production, at levels <0.10 μmol L−1. On the other hand, Si:N ratios were always more than unity during entire study period at both the stations indicating that Si(OH)4 is not a limiting nutrient. Our results suggest that suspended matter limits phytoplankton biomass during peak discharge period whereas PO4 during no discharge period. 相似文献
245.
The objective of this study was to quantify by experiments the initial seawater–suspended basaltic glass interactions following the 1996 outburst flood from the Vatnajökull glacier, Iceland. The altered basaltic glass dissolved in seawater as recorded by the Si release from the glass. The dissolved concentrations of Na, Ca, Si, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni and total dissolved inorganic N increased with time but the concentrations of Mg, K, S, Sr, Fe, Pb and Zn decreased. Calculated 1 to 10 day fluxes for Si range from 38,000 tons/day to 70,000 tons/10 days. The fluxes for other major elements are more uncertain, but the positive flux (release from suspended matter to seawater) of Ca and Na, and negative flux of Mg, K and S are greater than the Si flux. 相似文献
246.
浙江秀山海泥营养物质对环境生物抗氧化性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将浙江秀山海泥样品通过水浸提、离心沉降处理得到水溶相体系海泥提取液,按照20%(体积分数)加入到抗氧化性能评价体系中,采用BCS-Trolox法测定体系的总抗氧化性能,研究了温度、pH和时间对水溶相体系抗氧化性能的影响;分析了含水量为50%的浙江秀山海泥的营养成分,测定了生长于秀山滩涂海泥的菲律宾蛤仔和泥螺肌肉的SOD和GSH-Px的活力。结果表明,与已经开发成保健或泥疗产品的对照泥样相比,秀山海泥富含抗氧化活性营养成分V_A、V_E、V_C、Ge、Fe、Mg、Zn、Sr、Ca,总蛋白酶活性较强;该水溶相体系的抗氧化性能显著,20%的海泥提取液的抗氧化性能与(3.68±0.25)μmol/L的Trolox相当;温度对水溶相体系的抗氧化性能影响显著,pH、时间没有显著影响,因此确定最佳的水溶相体系制备条件为温度60℃、pH 5.6、时间10min;与对照组相比,秀山滩涂海泥能够激活菲律宾蛤仔和泥螺肌肉的SOD、GSH-Px的活性,提高机体的抗氧化性能。 相似文献