内蒙古乌拉山地区沙德盖岩体年代学、地球化学特征及成因探讨

沙德盖岩体位于华北克拉通北缘中段、哈达门沟大型金（钼）矿田范围内。首次利用锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb法对其定年,获得15个锆石颗粒²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄的加权平均值（221.6±2.1） Ma（MSWD=1.6）,表明岩体侵位于印支中期。岩石地球化学特征表现为高硅（SiO₂质量分数为71.21%～73.67%）、富钾（K₂O/Na₂O为1.01～1.37）、富碱（K₂O+Na₂O为8.23%～9.96%）、弱过铝质（Al₂O₃为13.11%～14.31%）,里特曼指数σ=2.43～3.52,钙碱性-碱性;富集轻稀土（LREE/HREE为17.68～14.92,（La/Yb）|_N为22.85～16.58）和Eu略亏损（δEu=0.95～0.93）;微量元素亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Sr,富集K、La、Ce、Hf等元素,具有A型花岗岩特征;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)i=0.705 31～0.702 29,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.511 682～0.511 620,ε_Nd(t)=-13.1～-14.3,具有壳源特点;钕两阶段模式年龄T_2DM=2 061～2 160 Ma,在铅构造模式图上样品投点于地幔与下地壳之间。综合分析认为其形成于同碰撞向后碰撞构造体制转换,伸展构造和幔源基性岩浆的底侵导致早期古老基底地壳部分熔融,很可能是形成沙德盖岩体的主要动力机制。华北克拉通北缘印支期构造岩浆活动及成矿作用是普遍存在的。     

青藏高原北羌塘他念他翁山吉塘岩群酉西岩组时代的确定

关于位于青藏高原北羌塘地区的吉塘岩群是否属于前寒武纪变质岩系历来存在较大争议,对其形成年龄一直缺少有效同位素年代学限定。通过高精度的LA-ICP-MS(激光剥蚀等离子体质谱仪)锆石微区原位U-Pb同位素测年,获得他念他翁山一带吉塘岩群酉西岩组石英绿泥片岩(原岩为中性火山岩)的原岩形成年龄为965±55Ma,绿片岩(原岩为中基性火山岩)的原岩形成年龄为1048.2±3.3Ma,表明吉塘岩群酉西岩组原岩形成时代为蓟县纪末—南华纪初。吉塘岩群酉西岩组可能代表Rodinia超大陆裂解早期伸展期间火山-沉积作用的地质记录。     

闽北前寒武纪变质岩的P—T—t轨迹和其形成的动力学过程

闻北前寒武纪变质岩是华夏古陆基底的重要组成部分。本文通过对闽北麻源群和马面山群变质岩详细的变质变形关系的研究和石榴子石环带测定P-T-t轨迹的应用,结合构造地质和同位素年代学的资料,证实了麻源群变质岩形成于早元古代或更老年代,在早元古代末期遭受过中压、中高温变质,但在晚元古代晋宁期与中元古代形成的马面山群岩石一起经历了强烈的变质变形作用,表现为早元古代麻源群岩石遭受强烈改造,具有早期地壳再活化特点。麻源群岩石完整的晋宁期变质P-T-t轨迹不支持正常大陆碰撞的假说,它的形成与异常的地幔热流有关,很可能为一种地壳增厚和地幔减薄的动力学模式。     

新疆北天山西段P波、S波衰减特征研究

针对2008年1月至2011年12月发生在新疆北天山西段的地震事件,分析新源、温泉和巴仑台3个台站记录到的波形资料,采取尾波归一化方法,计算出P、S波在多个频率点f的衰减系数Q-1P、Q-1S,利用最小二乘法拟合得到Q-1=Q0fη,得到该区域P波衰减系数和S波衰减系数。结果表明,新源研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-0.982 1、-0.978 1;温泉研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-1.049 7、-0.773 8;巴仑台研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-0.870 0、-0.956 8。与中国云南地区关于P波、S波衰减结果相比,新源研究区域与云南的禄劝研究区地下介质衰减特性比较一致。     

Coralligenous habitat in the northern Adriatic Sea: an overview

The rocky outcrops irregularly scattered in the sandy‐muddy sea bed of the Northern Adriatic, formed by a base rock and a superimposed concretion of vegetal and animal organisms, are considered an infralittoral coralligenous habitat, according to the most recent definition. In the last four decades, research has mainly concentrated on their geology because of the question of the origin of the base rock – very similar to beachrock – which has only recently been attributed to sedimentary cementation induced by methane seeps. Studies on their macrobenthic assemblages have also been published recently, but true comparisons among them are difficult because they mostly refer only to a few selected phyla or to short‐term observations. Very few papers deal with the whole of the animal and plant communities, including all taxonomic groups and the most important environmental variables. On the basis of the literature data concerning several outcrops in the Gulf of Venice, we suggest that the Adriatic reefs differ slightly from the classic deeper coralligenous assemblages around the Mediterranean coast because they have smaller concretions of algae builders. We also suggest that the Northern Adriatic coralligenous reefs are younger than the other reefs occurring in the Mediterranean Sea.     

新疆北天山巴音沟蛇绿岩的地质特征

巴音沟蛇绿岩虽受强热构造作用肢解,但仍保存有较完整的蛇纹石化超基性岩、状层辉长岩、基性熔岩(下部块状、上部枕状)和放射虫硅质岩的层序组合。岩石化学、地球化学、放射虫等古生物资料表明,它代表一个中石炭世陆缘海盆迅速扩张形成的洋壳和上地幔的残片。其侵位发生在中石炭世未海盆的封闭期间。     

泰国北部三叠系Lampang群Doi Long组的有孔虫组合与沉积环境

A rich foraminiferal assemblage, consisting of abundant Aulotortus sinuosus and A. tumidus in association with Lamelliconus multispirus, Endoteba ex gr. controversa, E. ex gr. badouxi, Endotebanella kocaeliensis, Endotriada tyrrhenica, Endotriadella wirzi, Malayspirina fontainei, Ammobaculites rhaeticus, Diplotremina astrofimbriata, Agathammina austroalpina, and others, was found in the Doi Long Formation of the Triassic Lampang Group, Northern Thailand. These foraminifers suggest that the formation is referable to the Carnian (early Late Triassic), which is consistent with the age estimated by ammonoids. In microfacies, peloidal grainstone, bioclastic grainstone, sponge-microbial boundstone, and oolitic grainstone were recognized in the Doi Long Formation. Based on microfacies, three depositional facies, the lagoon facies, reef facies, and shoal facies, are recognized in this formation. These lines of evidence are suggestive that the Doi Long Formation was deposited in a reef or bank setting rather than a ramp setting.     

泰国北部中三叠世放射虫硅质岩及其地球化学和沉积环境意义

Bedded cherts collected from northern Thailand, including Chiang Dao, Lamphun and Den Chai contain Middle Triassic radiolarian faunas. The faunas from Chiang Dao can be divided into two assemblages. The first assemblage includes Eptingium and other co-occurring species such as Cryptostephanidium cornigerum Dumitric?, Plafkerium antiquum Sugi-yama, Pseudostylosphaera compacta (Nakaseko and Nishimura), P. longispinosa Kozur and Mostler, P. acrior (Bragin), P. japonica (Nakaseko and Nishi-mura), Parasepsagon sp. cf. P. variabilis (Nakaseko and Nishimura), Hozmadia sp. cf. H. gifuensis Sugi-yama, Triassospongosphaera multispinosa (Kozur and Mostler), Celluronta donax Sugiyama, Oertlispongus sp. cf. O. diacanthus Sugiyama, Paroertlispongus multispinosus Kozur and Mostler, etc. The second as-semblage consists of Triassocampe deweveri (Na-kaseko and Nishimura), Yeharaia annulata Nakaseko and Nishimura, Hindeostylosphaera spinulosa (Na-kaseko and Nishimura), Plafkerium contortum Dumitric?, Kozur and Mostler, Pseudostylosphaera goestlingensis (Kozur and Mostler), P. timorensis Sa-shida and Kamata and Paroertlispongus rarispinosus Kozur and Mostler. These assemblages indicate upper and uppermost Anisian, respectively.     

基于AMSR-E的北疆地区积雪深度反演

利用北疆地区2007/2008-2009/2010年度积雪季(12月至次年2月)的AMSR-E降轨19 GHz与37 GHz波段的水平极化亮温数据, 结合北疆地区45个气象台站的实测雪深数据, 建立了北疆地区基于AMSR-E亮度温度数据的雪深反演模型, 并对模型的精度进行评价. 结果显示: 雪深在3~10 cm时, 模型反演的雪深值负向平均误差为-5.1 cm, RMSE值为6.1 cm; 雪深在11~30 cm时, 模型反演雪深值的平均误差仅为2.6 cm, RMSE、 正向平均误差、 绝对平均误差均较小; 雪深大于30 cm时, 模型反演的各项误差较大. 用合成方法反演北疆地区2006/2007-2010/2011年度5个积雪季的平均雪深分布和最大雪深分布, 结果显示北疆地区积雪主要分布于北部阿尔泰山和南部天山一带, 其中阿勒泰地区所占比重最大, 中部的准噶尔盆地腹地、 克拉玛依地区雪层较浅.     

安徽大别山北部红刚玉岩石的成因

大别山北部红刚玉矿产在太古代大别山群黑云角门外长片麻岩以及超基性岩中。赋存红刚玉的刚玉黑云二长片麻岩的原始岩石为富铝泥质岩,在角门岩相变质条件下,通过两种脱硅方式,即变质分异作用和超基性岩侵位,形成刚玉黑云二长片麻岩。它们形成的温压条件：Ｔ＝５００℃～７００℃,Ｐ＝０．４～０．７ＧＰａ。刚玉形成的可能的化学机制是白云母在缺硅条件下的分解。