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81.
四川省江油地区的岩溶分布较广,形成的地下洞穴,常造成地表建筑物塌陷、水库渗漏、交通损毁,对该地区厂矿建筑、水库坝体、交通线路等构成威胁。研究岩溶塌陷形成机理,对于岩溶塌陷的防治具有重要意义。 相似文献
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83.
如何减少和解决岩土工程勘察中的问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在城市化进程进一步加快的过程中,城市基础设施建设项目和高层建筑也随之不断兴建,传统的勘察手段以及传统的工程勘察方法已经显得力不从心,很难满足现代建筑设计的需求,因而许多工程勘察技术缺陷问题迫切的需要找到解决方法。本文通过勘测的实例来说明岩土工程勘测中的问题,以及解决的方法。 相似文献
84.
对河南省不同区域的煤系地层反射波发育特点进行分析研究、归类总结和正反演对比,建立了地震波-地质层位的对应关系,有利于解释人员从时间剖面上准确分辨出新生界、煤系地层和煤系基底反射波组,确定煤层反射波及煤层赋存状况,为类似地区的地震资料解释工作提供科学的指导。 相似文献
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86.
The urban heat island (UHI) refers to the phenomenon of higher atmospheric and surface temperatures occurring in urban areas than in the surrounding rural areas. Mitigation of the UHI effects via the configuration of green spaces and sustainable design of urban environments has become an issue of increasing concern under changing climate. In this paper, the effects of the composition and configuration of green space on land surface temperatures (LST) were explored using landscape metrics including percentage of landscape (PLAND), edge density (ED) and patch density (PD). An oasis city of Aksu in Northwestern China was used as a case study. The metrics were calculated by moving window method based on a green space map derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, and LST data were retrieved from Landsat TM thermal band. A normalized mutual information measure was employed to investigate the relationship between LST and the spatial pattern of green space. The results showed that while the PLAND is the most important variable that elicits LST dynamics, spatial configuration of green space also has significant effect on LST. Though, the highest normalized mutual information measure was with the PLAND (0.71), it was found that the ED and PD combination is the most deterministic factors of LST than the unique effects of a single variable or the joint effects of PLAND and PD or PLAND and ED. Normalized mutual information measure estimations between LST and PLAND and ED, PLAND and PD and ED and PD were 0.7679, 0.7650 and 0.7832, respectively. A combination of the three factors PLAND, PD and ED explained much of the variance of LST with a normalized mutual information measure of 0.8694. Results from this study can expand our understanding of the relationship between LST and street trees and vegetation, and provide insights for sustainable urban planning and management under changing climate. 相似文献
87.
简要论述了攀枝花市三区自然地理、地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、地震及新构造运动、岩土体工程地质特征及分布的基础上,统计了攀枝花市三区地质灾害情况,分析了三区地质灾害类型及分布特征,提出了相应的防治原则与对策措施。 相似文献
88.
从地质环境条件、地质灾害特征和城市发展建设方面,分析兰州市地质灾害的成因。从科学技术和社会管理方面,结合国内外的经验和兰州的实际,提出兰州市地质灾害防治的对策和建议。该研究的突破在于把地质灾害防治的科技支撑与社会管理相结合。 相似文献
89.
In most limit state design codes, the serviceability limit checks for drilled shafts still use deterministic approaches. Moreover, different limit states are usually considered separately. This paper develops a probabilistic framework to assess the serviceability performance with the consideration of soil spatial variability in reliability analysis. Specifically, the performance of a drilled shaft is defined in terms of the vertical settlement, lateral deflection, and angular distortion at the top of the shaft, corresponding to three limit states in the reliability analysis. Failure is defined as the event that the displacements exceed the corresponding tolerable displacements. The spatial variability of soil properties is considered using random field modeling. To illustrate the proposed framework, this study assesses the reliability of each limit state and the system reliability of a numerical example of a drilled shaft. The results show the system reliability should be considered for the serviceability performance. The importance measures of the random variables indicate that the external loads, the performance criteria, the model errors of load transfer curves and soil strength parameter are the most important factors in reliability analysis. Moreover, it is shown that the correlation length and coefficient of variation of soil strength can exert significant impacts on the calculated failure probability. 相似文献
90.
水质预测是水环境规划、评价和管理的重要依据,对促进水资源可持续利用及生态发展具有重要意义。针对水质预测中各项因子的不确定性,基于未确知测度理论(unascertained measure,UM),采用改变网络初值的方法,对BP神经网络加以改进,并利用黑河流域莺落峡水文站1998~2011年的水质监测资料进行分析和预测。以挥发酚为参考序列,用灰色关联方法分析参考序列与其他因子的关联度,并最终确定BP网络的输入节点为CODmn、DO、SO42-、Cr6+以及挥发酚,输出节点为挥发酚,从而建立UMBP模型。分析结果表明,UM-BP预测模型比标准的BP神经网络模型具有更高的预测精度。因此,该模型应用于黑河流域水质预测是可行的。 相似文献