Anticipatory Adaptation Approaches to Climate Change--A Review and Discussion of Southern Australia’s Sustainable Water Management and Its Strategies and Shortcomings

Climate change issues has been discussed and argued for decades. It has been widely recognized that climate change will bring more serious issues to environment vulnerable areas than other areas. Southern Australia is one of the typical examples of vulnerable areas where water deficiency is enhanced by climate change. Although, this area has been successfully adapted with drought environment for decades, those shortcomings of strategies are highlighted by climate change events. In the interests of sustainable water management, Southern Australia’s experiences on possible anticipatory adaptation approaches, especially on mitigation of risks and costs of drought could be expected to provide recommendations to planning and management actions in the future     

What is responsible for increasing flood risks? The case of Gangwon Province,Korea

We examined the anthropogenic and natural causes of flood risks in six representative cities in the Gangwon Province of Korea. Flood damage per capita is mostly explained by cumulative upper 5% summer precipitation amount and the year. The increasing flood damage is also associated with deforestation in upstream areas and intensive land use in lowlands. Human encroachment on floodplains made these urban communities more vulnerable to floods. Without changes in the current flood management systems of these cities, their vulnerability to flood risks will remain and may even increase under changing climate conditions.     

Evaluation of effective management plan for an agricultural watershed using AVSWAT model,remote sensing and GIS

In the present investigation, an effort has been made to identify the critical sub-watersheds for the development of best management plan for a small watershed of Eastern India using a hydrological model, namely, AVSWAT2000. A total of 180 combinations of various management treatments including crops (rice, maize ground nut and soybean), tillage (zero, conservation, field cultivator, mould board plough and conventional practices) and fertilizer levels (existing half of recommended and recommended) have been evaluated. The investigation reveled that rice cannot be replaced by other crops such as groundnut, maize, mungbean, sorghum and soybean since comparatively these crops resulted in higher sediment yield. The tillage practices with disk plough have been found to have more impact on sediment yield and nutrient losses than conventional tillage practices for the existing level of fertilizer. Sediment yield decreased in the case of zero tillage, conservation tillage, field cultivator, moldboard plough, and conservation tillage as compare to conventional tillage. Lowest NO₃–N loss was observed in zero tillage in all the fertilizer treatments, whereas field cultivator, moldboard plough and disk plough resulted in increase of NO³–N loss. As compared to conventional tillage, the losses of soluble phosphorus were increased in moldboard plough. The losses of organic nitrogen were also increased as fertilizer dose increased. After zero tillage the conservation tillage preformed better in all the fertilizer treatments as per loss of organic nitrogen and organic phosphorus is concerned. It can be concluded that the sediment yield was found to be the highest in the case of disk plough followed by moldboard plough, field cultivator, conventional tillage, field cultivator and least in zero tillage practices. The nutrient losses were found to be in different order with tillage practices, resulted highest in disk plough tillage practices. In view of sediment yield and nutrient losses, the conservation tillage practice was found to be the best as the sediment yield is less than the average soil loss whereas nutrient loss is within the permissible limit.     

铀矿地质档案的数字化管理及二次开发利用探析

运用大量的数据和实例说明档案资料二次开发在地勘找矿中的重要性和必要性。对铀矿地质信息服务体系进行了深入研究和分析,认为传统档案管理型工作模式必须向信息化档案服务型转化;探讨了在实施地质资料信息化建设中如何推广、应用与完善《铀资源信息管理与分析系统》。     

广西有色金属工业利用资本市场加快发展的对策探讨

资本市场是社会主义市场经济重要组成部分。我国有色金属工业进入资本市场从无到有,已经形成独具特色的有色金属行业板块,其在资本市场的地位越来越重要。广西有色金属工业企业如何利用国内外资本市场,推动国有企业改革、制度创新和法人治理结构的完善,实现广西有色金属工业的飞跃发展值得我们探讨。     

文物管理信息系统的构建与应用--以浙江文物管理信息系统为例

文物管理信息系统在国内已经有多种,包括考古学文献情报检索系统,博物馆藏品管理系统,各种文物的考古学资料数据库和文物管理信息系统。但前三类系统各有其局限性,第四类系统尚在探索阶段。本文即是对浙江的文物遗存进行分类,确定文物遗存的编码方法的第四类系统的一个探索。即对文物进行6个方面属性的编码描述, 包括文物类别、埋藏地点、经纬度、文物年代、文化类型、保护级别等,以及对每一个文物遗存长短不一的文字描述; 并运用相关的Visual Basic,ComGIS,MapObjects,Multi-Scale GIS等技术建立含文件建立、编辑、查询及帮助等功能的浙江省文物管理信息系统;另系统还运用了虚拟技术,对文物进行多角度全方位的展示,进行遗存分布特征的研究,向公众展示文物遗存和文物遗存数据的管理等。     

关联规则挖掘在LBS动态数据管理的应用研究

为了满足人们能在任意地点、任意时刻存取任意数据的需求,基于位置的服务(LBS,LocationBasedService)需要进行动态数据管理。一种解决方案是服务器根据关联规则挖掘出的规律,对热点数据进行预测,并利用数据广播技术将热点数据不断地推向移动客户机。但经典的Apriori算法并不适合时序数据的处理,而现有的时序关联规则挖掘算法又对服务的关联时间阀值考虑不够,故本文对经典的Apriori算法进行改进,使之适应动态数据管理的需要,从而为解决LBS动态数据管理问题提出新的解决思路。     

面向对象的配电GIS系统空间数据模型与组织

GIS在配网自动化系统中的应用越来越深入和广泛,随着配电网络各种设备的复杂性提高,传统的分析设计方式已很难满足现有配电网络的飞速发展。面向对象的分析与设计方法作为一种先进的系统设计方法,能很好地应用于规模较大、层次较复杂的配电网络设备管理。首先简要介绍配电网络的特点和面向对象的分析方法,然后结合面向对象的分析与设计方法对配电网络的对象模型和数据组织进行了详细阐述和分析,最后以一个应用系统作为实例结束本文。     

青岛市数字遥测地震台网的监测能力

介绍青岛市数字遥测地震台网概况、动态范围以及对崂山震群的监测,说明台网的监测能力达到或超过设计目标。     

上海天文台2010年工作总结

总结了2010年度中国科学院上海天文台在科研、国际合作交流、人才培养和引进、佘山科技园区建设、科研管理、精神文明建设等方面取得的成果。