To Inhabit Well: Counterhegemonic Movements and the Right to the City

A right to the city, understood as a conjoint claim to a right to inhabit urban space well, can be an effective starting point from which diverse urban movements can begin to build broad counterhegemonic coalitions for alternative urban futures. In this article, I argue that the right to the city supports the project of establishing relations of equivalence among members of coalitions––balancing relations of sameness/difference and interdependence/autonomy.     

Geography of Protest: Places of Demonstration in Buenos Aires and Seoul

Demonstrations shape the urban landscape and affect the normal functions of a city. They disrupt traffic, make marginalized people and neglected areas visible in city centers, and challenge élite designs of urban landscape both visually and functionally. Demonstrations question élite norms by using city space in nonconformist ways for making claims, and by charging places with demonstrators' own meanings. Differences between Buenos Aires and Seoul show that historically developed conventions and symbolic readings of city space matter in the strategic choice of places to protest. Yet most demonstration sites belong to the same major categories. Demonstrators may gather outside governmental buildings to communicate with the authorities; at centers of commercial activity to appeal to the public; to places that link them historically, culturally or morally with symbolically important events; or at places connected with a particular grievance. Along with local traditions, an internationally shared demonstration culture determines what kinds of places are suitable for demonstrations.     

Observations on the faunas of two warm streams in the taupo thermal region

Observations were made on the biota of two warm streams in the Taupo thermal region during December 1965 and June 1966. Distribution of the fauna was related to the observed water temperatures, and the possible effects and importance of high temperature are discussed. The principal “thermal” species were Protozoa, larval and adult Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), larval and pupal Ephydridae (Diptera), Nematoda, and Rotifera.     

Descriptions of two New Zealand sea anemones (Actiniaria: Hormathiidae)

The sea anemones Calliactis conchicola Parry, 1952 and Paracalliactis rosea n.sp. are described. This is the first report of the hormathiid genus Paracalliactis for New Zealand. Calliactis conchicola occurs with living gastropods, hermit crabs, and a true crab, and Paracalliactis rosea occurs with hermit crabs and a true crab. Certain characteristics of each of the two anemones suggest that the genera Calliactis and Paracalliactis may not be as discrete as was indicated by earlier reports.     

Response analysis of a submarine cable under fault movement

Based on the performance of submarine cables in past earthquakes, an analytical method to determine cable performance under seabed fault movement is proposed in this paper. First, common types of earthquake damage to submarine cables are summarized, which include seabed displacement induced by fault movement, submarine landslides and seabed soil liquefaction, etc. The damage is similar to damage observed to buried pipelines following land earthquakes. The Hengchun earthquake of Dec. 26, 2006 is used as a case study. The M7.2 earthquake occurred in the South China Sea at 20:26 Beijing Time, and caused 14 international submarine cables to sever and break. The results show that the proposed method predicts damage similar to that observed in the Hengchun earthquake. Based on parametric studies of the influence of the water depth and the magnitude of the submarine earthquake, countermeasures to prevent damage to submarine cables are proposed.     

Apatite fission-track analyses on basement granites from south-western Meseta, Morocco: Paleogeographic implications and interpretation of AFT age discrepancies

This work is based on apatite fission-track analysis of samples (mostly granites) from the basement of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Phosphate and Ganntour Plateaus, exposed in the Jebilet and Rehamna massifs (Western Meseta, Morocco). This basement belongs to the Carboniferous-Early Permian Variscan Belt, and the earlier marine onlap is Late Triassic in age. However, the AFT ages are post-Triassic and different in the Jebilet (186-203 Ma) and Rehamna (148-153 Ma). Track length modelling support the occurrence of moderate heating events during the Jurassic and the Eocene, respectively, with cooling during the Permian and Cretaceous intervals. These results are partly accounted for by considering a moderate subsidence during the Late Triassic-Liassic, which is a noticeable change in the regional paleogeographic concept of “West Moroccan Arch”. However, the discrepancies between the AFT results from the studied massifs make necessary to explore further explanation. We interpret the observed discrepancies by the difference in age and depth of crystallization of the sampled granites in the Variscan Orogen, i.e. 330 Ma, 5-6 km in the Jebilet versus ~ 300 Ma, 8-10 km in the Rehamna. The importance of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous uplift and erosion of the entire Meseta and that of its Late Eocene burial are emphasized.     

Undoing environmental justice: Re-imagining equality in the Rosia Montana anti-mining movement

In this paper we outline the limitations of Environmental Justice theory when it comes to explaining and theorising the politics of contemporary environmental movements. Justice, we argue, needs to be understood not as a formalised and preconceived ‘thing’ to be delivered or applied but as an open egalitarian ideal that movements across the world continuously redefine in embodied and performed ways which are historically and geographically distinct. Drawing upon the fifteen year long anti-mining struggles of Rosia Montana, Romania, we explore the tension between seeking ‘traditional’ forms of justice (i.e. dialogic consensual politics) and putting forward more radical demands for socio-ecological change, in which representation and recognition are seen as insufficient practices for distributing justice. Visibility (rather than recognition) and egalitarian politics (rather than distribution) become the quilting points of struggles of many contemporary environmental movements, equality can only be enacted (or staged) through praxis that disrupts the distribution of the sensible experience and exposes the arbitrariness and incompleteness of power. We argue that in order to analyse and theorise the praxis of contemporary environmental movements, it is imperative for geographical literature to engage with post-foundational theory, and ‘un-do’ pre-conceived ideas and theorisations of (environmental) justice.     

A review of terrestrial radar interferometry for measuring surface change in the geosciences

This paper presents a review of the current state of the art in the use of terrestrial radar interferometry for the detection of surface changes related to mass movement. Different hardware‐types and acquisition concepts are described, which use either real or synthetic aperture for radar image formation. We present approaches for data processing procedures, paying special attention to the separation of high resolution displacement information from atmospheric phase variations. Recent case studies are used to illustrate applications in terrestrial radar interferometry for change detection. Applications range from detection and quantification of very slow moving (millimeters to centimeters per year) displacements in rock walls from repeat monitoring, to rapid processes resulting in fast displacements (~50 m/yr) acquired during single measurement campaigns with durations of only a few hours. Fast and episodic acting processes such as rockfall and snow avalanches can be assessed qualitatively in the spatial domain by mapping decorrelation caused by those processes. A concluding guide to best practice outlines the necessary preconditions that have to be fulfilled for successful application of the technique, as well as in areas characterized by rapid decorrelation. Empirical data from a Ku‐band sensor show the range of temporal decorrelation of different surfaces after more than two years for rock‐surfaces and after a few seconds to minutes in vegetated areas during windy conditions. The examples show that the displacement field can be measured for landslides in dense grassland, ice surfaces on flowing glaciers and snowpack creep. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国大陆地壳运动的GPS观测及相关动力学研究

现代空载大地测量技术的发展极大地改变了传统大地测量学的观测手段、研究内容和范围,促进了地球动力学领域的研究．本文回顾过去近二十年来在中国大陆进行的全国及区域性GPS观测和取得的成果,重点评述在GPS相关动力学领域的研究进展和存在的问题,对我国GPS观测及动力学研究今后的发展提出初步见解．