A 29Si MAS-NMR study of Cd7[Ge6Si]O21 pyroxmangite

 Synthetic (SiGe)-pyroxenoids are often observed to have superperiods. Whether or not these superperiods grow in connection with Si-Ge ordering is a fundamental question. The size difference between Ge and Si tetrahedra leads to CdGeO₃ having the pyroxmangite structure, whereas CdSiO₃ has the wollastonite structure. Consequently, considerable strain is expected for a pyroxenoid with a disordered Ge-Si distribution. A ²⁹Si MAS-NMR study of a Cd-pyroxmangite of nominal composition Cd₇[Ge₆Si]O₇ points to considerable Si clustering, probably as GeSiSiSiGe triples corresponding to the wollastonite-like units of the siebener chain. It is proposed that such ordering relieves strain within the tetrahedral chain. Residual strain is also relieved by insertion of an extra pair of GeO₄ tetrahedra into the pyroxene-like component of the siebener-chain units, leading to single neuner-chain units which terminate the superperiods. This growth pattern is cyclic. The presence of several types of superperiod may reflect similar energetics for different Ge-Si-ordering patterns within the siebener chains. Ordering of Si-rich unit cells and of unit cells having no Si is proposed as the reason for the occurrence of the superperiods in Cd-pyroxmangite. Received: 25 August 1999 / Accepted: 19 May 2000     

热压条件下绿色柯巴树脂的聚化行为及^13C NMR表征

人工热压处理有助于天然柯巴树脂聚化,使其萜烯类侧链上的共轭双键断键,可转变为具一定商业意义的绿色、黄绿色、深橙黄色及黑色柯巴树脂。采用SEM,FTIR,^13C NMR等分析测试方法对热压处理前、后柯巴树脂样品的微结构、红外吸收光谱、^13C NMR共振谱进行了研究与分析。结果表明,热压处理可导致柯巴树脂样品中的初级胶粒相互聚合,形成尺度约为180～210 nm的次级异形微球胶粒,微球胶粒聚合体呈无序分布,彼此间形成良好的界面结合;位于3 077（νC-H）,1 643（νC=C）,889 cm^-1（νC-H）处的红外吸收谱带以及δ=15.8×10-6,82.0×10-6,108.0×10^-6,215.1×10^-6化学位移^13C NMR共振谱峰逐渐消失,由此派生的δ=135×10^-6～13^7×10-6和δ=33.9×10^-6化学位移13C NMR共振谱峰则具重要的鉴定意义。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田马家沟组五段白云岩沉积微相测井识别与评价

通过岩芯和薄片观察,结合常规、成像测井和试气等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田奥陶系马家沟组马五段白云岩沉积特征进行了研究。结果表明马五_5—马五_(10)亚段白云岩储层为典型相控型储层,储层类型主要是白云岩晶间孔及晶间溶孔型。其沉积相分为开阔台地和局限台地两类,且开阔台地主要发育滩间海及台内滩亚相,局限台地则发育潮坪及颗粒滩亚相,其中砂屑滩、台内滩、云坪等是优质储层发育的有利沉积微相带。通过对不同微相的常规测井曲线和成像测井图像对比分析,建立起一套适用于马五_5—马五_(10)亚段台地相的成像测井沉积微相识别模式,包括块状模式、条带模式、层状模式、线状模式、斑状模式和暗斑-线状组合模式等6种成像测井相模式。通过常规、成像测井组合特征实现了单井纵向上沉积微相的连续识别与划分。结合测井解释结论及生产试气资料,进一步验证了有利沉积微相对储层有效性的控制作用,深化了奥陶系马五段碳酸盐岩沉积相成像特征及有利储层的认识,对马家沟组碳酸盐岩天然气的勘探开发具有指导意义。     

A Study on the Formation of Smectite in Silica Scales Precipitated from Geothermal Water: The Effect of Magnesium

Abstract. Silica scales containing large amounts of smectite were recently found in the pipelines for geothermal water at a geothermal power plant. To elucidate the mechanism of smectite formation, seven silica scale samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis and ²⁷A1 MAS NMR. Smectite was present in samples with MgO levels above 10 wt% and Al₂O₃ levels below 10 wt%. In ²⁷A1 MAS NMR spectra, peaks assigned to both tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated aluminum (Al(4) and Al(6)) were observed for Mg-rich samples, whereas a peak due to Al(4) alone appeared in Mg-poor samples. From these observation and comparison between ²⁷A1 MAS NMR spectra for synthesized precipitates of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ containing MgO and not containing MgO, it is concluded that magnesium plays an important role in the stabilization of Al(6), and results in the formation of smectite     

Characterization of arsenate adsorption on amorphous Al gels with Keggin structure by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and MAS <Superscript>27</Superscript>Al NMR

Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and 27Al Magic Angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed to characterize arsenate adsorption on amorphous Al gels with Keggin structure at pH =4–10. These studies have proven that: the surface complex species of arsenate show significant differences under acidic and alkaline conditions, which was deduced based on the As-O stretching vibration bands located respectively at 774 and 870 cm-1; poorly crystalline Al13 (or Al)-arsen...     

利用成像测井资料标定常规测井资料裂隙发育参数的方法研究

成像测井对于评价碳酸盐岩储层地质特征有很好的效果，但成本较高。在分析成像提取的缝、洞发育参数与常规测井各响应之间相互关系的基础上，研究了常规测井响应与缝、洞发育的相关程度。应用多元线性回归方法，建立以常规测井响应计算缝洞发育参数——裂缝密度、裂缝视孔隙度、溶孔密度和面孔率方程。对回归效果进行对比分析与地层的实际情况符合较好。     

特低渗透砂岩储层可动流体变化特征与差异性成因

特低渗透砂岩储层微观孔隙结构复杂,流体赋存状态不同于常规储层,利用核磁共振技术对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组3个层位样品的可动流体变化特征与差异性成因进行了分析.结果表明,样品T2谱分布主要表现出4种形态、T2截止值中等-偏高、可动流体参数变化幅度较大;沉积和成岩作用差异导致微观特征参数不同,造成各层位可动流体参数复杂变化;渗透率较小时,可动流体参数变化幅度大,当渗透率增大到一定程度后,可动流体参数数据点收敛,变化幅度减小;储层物性、孔隙(尤其是次生孔隙)发育连通程度、微裂缝的发育程度、粘土矿物的存在形式及其对孔隙的充填程度等微观孔隙结构特征变化是可动流体参数差异性产生的主要原因.可动流体参数本身就是储层诸多微观特征参数的综合反映,应在储层评价中予以考虑.     

孔隙介质核磁共振弛豫测量多指数反演影响因素研究

孔隙介质核磁共振（NMR）弛豫信号的多指数反演在NMR岩芯分析与测井解释中起着关键作用.为了在不同信噪比条件下快速反演出高分辨率的弛豫时间谱,本文利用NMR正演模拟信号以及实验室NMR岩芯分析数据,研究横向弛豫时间布点数、原始回波采集个数、时间域数据压缩方式等对反演结果的影响.同时,在不同信噪比（SNR）下对不同的反演算法(SVD、BRD、SIRT)进行比较,考察反演算法对信噪比的敏感程度,并讨论了相应的校正方法.另外,还分析了信噪比对长、短弛豫组分的影响.研究表明在充分采集有用回波的情况下,减少回波个数,反演得到的弛豫时间谱趋向发散;增加布点数可以提高分辨率,但是需要更多的计算时间;时间域数据压缩可以加快反演计算速度;不同算法对信噪比的敏感程度不同,发展相应的校正方法可以提高反演质量.     

核磁共振测井仪静磁场分布的数值模拟

为了优化磁体设计,加速核磁共振测井仪的研制,本文建立核磁共振测井仪静磁场分布的数学模型,利用有限元方法求取MRIL、CMR及MREx三种核磁共振测井仪的二维静磁场分布,结果表明有限元方法可以方便的求取任意形状磁体的磁场分布,且结果精度较高.     

胜利油田核磁共振测井技术应用回顾与展望

核磁共振测井以全新的原理,提供了一套全新的信息和响应关系,能够对地层油气评价的基本问题,进行全新的解答.胜利油田自1996年开始使用核磁共振测井以来,至今已经积累10余年的测井应用经验.总结核磁共振测井技术在胜利油田的发展应用,其发展经历了三个阶段:初步探索阶段,研究应用阶段和完善深化阶段.在初步探索阶段主要是以储层识别以及孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度等岩石物理参数为主;在研究应用阶段主要是利用T2分布形态进行流体识别和孔隙结构研究;完善深化阶段则是提高解释评价精度,针对勘探开发中的评价难题深化地质应用.目前,核磁共振测井技术在胜利油田的应用已经逐步完善成熟,已成为提高油田勘探开发效益必不可少的手段.在储层评价、参数计算、流体识别中发挥了重要作用,尤其是在单纯依靠常规测井难以进行流体识别的低电阻率/电阻率低差异、低孔隙度、低渗透率、砂砾岩体、复杂岩性等油气藏评价中发挥了独特的作用.