Internal wave weather heterogeneity in a deep multi-basin subalpine lake resulting from wavelet transform and numerical analysis

The internal wave-field of a Y-shaped lake (Lake Como, North Italy) was investigated over a 3-year long period applying wavelet time–frequency analysis to temperature and wind data time series, recorded at the edge of each of the three arms. The comparison with the results from a modal model allowed to identify the presence of both first and second vertical modes of oscillations. The field data analysis underlined a heterogeneous baroclinic response with the eastern arm decoupled from the remaining part of the lake constituted by the northern and western arms (north–south west transect). This disjoined response is expected to enhance the water exchange between the northern and the western arm, with relevant consequences on the inter-basins water exchanges and on the distribution of chemical and biological species. In the north–south west transect the analysis of the low power signals in winter underlined a residual internal wave activity ascribed to the first vertical free mode of oscillation (V1H1).     

分层总和法计算沉降的几点改进

利用Matlab6.1平台,通过编制可视化应用程序,对分层总和法计算沉降的传统方法作了较大的改进,地基中的附加应力采用原始积分公式,压缩曲线采用双曲线形式,使用非线性最小二乘法进行拟合处理,压缩层计算深度与分层厚度不再受到限制,数据输入、输出及沉降计算过程均通过可视化界面进行操作,不再需要通过查表、查图计算基础底面的沉降,计算过程简单便利,计算结果重复性好,具有较大的实际应用价值。     

基于Clenshaw求和法的重力场元计算

重力场计算中,经常需要计算以有限阶球谐级数表示的重力场元。常规计算中除需存储(N 1)^2个系数值外,还需迭代计算出(N 2)(N 1)／2个完全正常化勒让德函数值。Clenshaw求和法不需要计算单个球谐函数值而直接计算级数和,因而计算速度上有所提高。总结了球谐函数的零阶导数级数和,并推导了一阶导数级数和。通过数值试验,对于任意点的重力场元,使用C1enshaw求和法计算零阶导数球谐函数和比常规方法节省一半的时间,一阶导数球谐函数之和的计算速度提高幅度不大,并分析了其中的原因。     

Rayleigh-Ritz method-based analysis of dry coupled horizontal-torsional-warping vibration of rectelliptic open-section containership bare-hulls

The coupled horizontal-torsional-warping vibration of a thin-walled open-section 7800 TEU container ship bare-hull, modelled as a non-uniform girder, is analysed by the efficient energy-based Rayleigh-Ritz method, in order to generate the dry asymmetric vibration frequencies. Since the centre of gravity is within the hull and the shear centre is below the keel, the horizontal and torsional modes of vibration are highly coupled. An open section is also prone to warping. In a novel attempt, the bare-hull geometry is generated mathematically, using section-wise closed-form semi super-ellipses (Lame’s curves). The main dimensions, weight distributions, and fineness ratios are preserved, and closed-form expressions of sectional properties become available in the process. The hull has arbitrarily (non-mathematically) varying mass, bending stiffness, warping stiffness, and shear stiffness distributions along the length. The non-uniform beam modeshape in horizontal/torsional vibration is assumed to be a weighted sum of the uniform beam horizontal/torsional modeshapes. Several benchmark cases of simpler geometry have been analysed first, for both torsion-warping vibration, and coupled horizontal-torsional-warping vibration. Pontoon approximation of the containership has been analysed and validated. Subsequently, the coupled dry vibration frequencies are obtained for the open deck non-uniform girder, and compared with published results.     

Minimization of drift force on a floating cylinder by optimizing the flexural rigidity of a concentric annular plate

The deployment of suitable configurations of mutually interacting floating bodies for efficiently controlling their hydrodynamic interactions towards the reduction of the wave drift forces and, thus, of the mooring lines’ loads, has, nowadays, gained a great scientific interest. In this paper, the hydrodynamic behaviour of a floating cylinder and a concentric annular flexible plate is analysed in the frequency domain aiming at the minimization of the drift forces acting on the cylinder by optimizing the flexural rigidity of the plate. The diffraction/radiation problem is solved using a higher-order boundary element method. The analysis is implemented assuming that both floating bodies oscillate freely in heave, while for the plate, flexible modes are, additionally, considered for describing its structural deformations. The required modes shapes are determined in vacuum (“dry” mode superposition approach) through analytical expressions. The flexural rigidity of the plate, D, is optimized at a specific wave number using a real-coded genetic algorithm. Initially, results are compared with numerical results of other investigators for the case of two rigid concentric floating cylinders. Next, extended results are presented, focusing on the effect of D, including its optimum value, on various physical quantities describing the behaviour of both the cylinder and the plate. Contrary to the isolated cylinder, the presence of the plate introduces sharp peaks in the variation pattern of the drift force of the cylinder, bounded at specific wave numbers, where resonance of the seiche mode of water motion in the annular cavity or of specific flexible modes of the plate occurs. However, by reducing D to its optimum value, the cylinder’s drift force obtains practically zero values at the target wave number, due to an efficient improvement of the wave field in the annular cavity around the cylinder. Moreover, a great reduction of the drift force compared to the isolated cylinder is achieved in the subsequent high frequency range.     

考虑土体应力历史影响的沉降修正初探

在分层总和法中,e-lgp法比av 法、e-p法优越之处在于其考虑了土体应力历史的影响,但由于参数的难以确定,导致e-lgp法在实际工程中很少应用。介绍了一种在无高压固结试验时可使av法、e-p法中计入土体应力历史影响的思路,提出了相应的修正系数概念,分析了该修正系数对于不同状态土体的大致取值范围,并给出了其近似计算式。实例验证表明,av法、e-p法经修正后结果更趋于合理,且与e-lgp法很接近,故在工程实践中具有一定的参考价值。     

利用Clenshaw求和计算大地水准面差距

引入非正规化的球谐函数,使用Clenshaw求和法不需要计算单个球谐函数值而直接计算级数和。将Clenshaw求和算法和标准向前列递推算法在计算时间上进行比较,并对两种方法计算的稳定性进行了数值分析,给出了数值模拟结果。通过数值计算得出了Clenshaw求和计算全球大地水准面差距的适用范围,为实现高精度大地水准面的计算提供借鉴。     

滑坡稳定性检算中几个问题的探讨

着重讨论了三方面的问题。第一部分讨论了折线形滑动面滑坡稳定性检算的判定指标。除现行较常用的最终剩余下滑力只指标外,提出了KT型和R／K型两种判定滑坡稳定程度指标的计算方法;第二部分对“分段平衡法”、“总和平衡法”、“水平投影法”等几种计算稳定系数的方法作了比较分析,提出了它们各自的实际意义,优缺点和适用范围;第三部分讨论了K值在检算滑坡稳定性、反算抗剪强度指标及计算滑坡推力时的不同概念。     

基于F-K域交叉鬼波的双检合成技术研究

笔者提出一种基于F-K域交叉鬼波化的双检合成方法,利用F-K域交叉鬼波化公式,通过匹配滤波,得到刻度因子,从而优化了双检合成技术。通过正演模拟数据和实际资料处理,均实现了压制鬼波和拓宽频带的目的,与传统方法相比取得了更好的结果,信噪比更高。     

两种不同求和路径的叠前时间偏移方法

介绍了等效偏移距偏移和非成像炮集偏移的基本原理,二者都是用一个新的偏移距变量代替常规的偏移距,然后对以新的偏移距变量定义的旅行时双曲线进行动校正和叠加,从而实现叠前时间偏移。叠前时间偏移是对双平方根方程定义的旅行时曲面的绕射求和,而这两种方法的区别就在于其在该曲面上定义的求和路径不同。在金属矿勘探中,金属矿脉由于其成因受构造剧烈运动等因素的影响,往往倾角陡,规模小,大多呈非水平层分布,而这两种方法可以为金属矿成像提供较好的成像方法。