安徽省石台县沟汀新石器时代遗址的发现和初步研究

报道了安徽省石台县沟汀新石器时代遗址的发现，并对采集到的文化遗物作了分类与描述，遗物中打制石器、磨制石器和陶器共存，并含有独具特色的石网坠。石制品大部分（７６％）以砾石为原料制成，这类遗址在皖南地区尚属首次发现。这一发现，对研究我国南方新石器时代早期的古人类活动具有重要的参考价值。     

铀矿找矿中氡的迁移机制探讨

本文主要介绍铀矿勘查中氡的迁移机制。通过对自行设计的氡迁移模型长达３个月的试验研究（与理论计算值进行比较）和选择一条经深部揭露的地段（多个矿体埋深为已知）进行地表多种氡法测量，证明只用扩散理论是不可能完满解释为什么氡法能够探测到深达二三百米的铀矿体。从广义角度提出了氡的迁移机制主要是“接力传递”作用。     

图像配准用于fMRI运动伪影的矫正

我们把人头考虑为一个刚体模型，将描写刚体变换的6个参数（平移3个，旋转3个），用于图像配准，确定一组最佳参数，对图像进行变换，使变换的图像数据和参数图像之间方差取最小值，我们的电针刺fMRI图像经这样的三维配准处理后，消除了大部分运动伪影，取得显著的效果。     

国际石油勘探地球物理协会第70届年会简况

地球物理公司一直在试图用较少的雇员在较短的时间内完成更多的工作，力求快速高效地采集高质量的数据，获到地下目标的良好图像，并用之与地质和石油工程专家相结合，以提高勘探成功率，降低勘探成本，这次国际勘探地球物理协会第70届年会是地球物理界这种努力的集中显示，本文着重对波动方程偏移的论文情况作了评述。     

τ-p深度偏移

本文介绍一种基于τ-P变换的新的叠后深度偏移方法。这一方法是在均匀介质条件下根据波动方程推导出的。其基本思想是:在τ-p域中,当波场分解为它的平面波成分时,改变其τ、p值,再通过τ-p反变换回到深度域中,从而完成了地下界面的偏移归位。 方法所需的计算时间基本是与完成τ-p正、反变换所需时间相同,是一种快速的偏移方法。它可用于任意形状的地下界面,甚至在强干扰背景的条件下,也能提高资料的信噪比和改善信号的连续性。这一方法是在深度域中进行τ-p变换,故它能适应速度存在纵、横变化的地区。为了论证本方法的效果,本文给出了不同的正演理论模型和偏移结果的例子。     

汾渭地震带地震活动性的初步分析

本文依据震中迁移、累积频度变化曲线、震级频度关系等的计算方法,对汾渭地震带的地震活动性进行了初步的分析,认为:汾渭地震带Ms≥5.5级的地震活动存在着明显的由北向南自东向西的迁移特点。目前,汾渭地震带正处于第三活跃期的后期,总的地震活动趋势是加强的。今后5～20年内,Ms>5.5级的地震,由北区迁至南区的概率为:0.22～0.64。则中区可能发生Ms=5级左右的地震或震群,南区则有发生Ms≥5.5级地震的可能性。     

二维大地电磁资料的偏移

本文采用反射映像（即U/D成像）原理对大地电磁资料进行成像,将地面观测的波场分解成上行波和下行波,并分别向下延拓,利用上、下行波的时间一致性原理确定地下电性界面的位置.对TE和TM模式的MT响应分别处理可以得到两个深度剖面,两剖面的一致性便为实际反射界面的最佳估计.理论和实际资料的计算表明,MT偏移技术是比较有效的,它可获得地下界面直观的映像.和常规MT反演方法相比较,该方法具有算法简单等优点,并且还能获得表示地下地质构造真实映像的MT深度剖面.     

大华北新构造运动和地震活动“成片迁移”的成因探讨

基于板块间的作用及有关物理参数,分别组构了大华北第Ⅲ（1484-1739年）、第Ⅳ（1815年至今）地震活动期的动力边界和厚度非均匀的“薄板”模型,采用有限元法,并根据地壳屈曲的研究,作了屈曲变形计算.所得屈曲图象与大华北新生代隆起、凹陷分布的基本特征一致,也与近30年来大华北垂直形变速率的分布特怔吻合.不同期高变形梯度区不同,7级以上地震均分布在这种区内.由此得出了新构造运动和地震“成片迁移”的力学机制.     

A Post-Processing Method for the Removal of Refraction Artifacts in Multibeam Bathymetry Data

Sound refraction artifacts are often present in multibeam swath bathymetry data. For a flat array, the artifacts are usually more serious in outer beams than in inner beams. In a 3D topographical mapping they appear as ridges that parallel the tracks of the vessel. To shorten the survey time, the outer beams should be utilized as often as possible. Therefore, the refraction errors should be removed. In this paper, we present a model of reduced sound speed profile that consists of three water layers. The sound speed of the two upper layers has a constant gradient, and the third layer has the same sound speed as the most bottom measured layer. The model parameters can be searched based on the principle of the minimum difference of depth between the overlap of two neighboring swaths. The horizontal position and depth of each beam can be accordingly recalculated using the model parameters. To avoid being trapped in local optimum, the initial search scope is limited according to assumed lunch angle and travel time in each subregion. The method is verified by comparing the simulated and real data.     

Understanding the relationship between environmental change and migration: The development of an effects framework based on the case of northern Ethiopia

Empirical work on the relationship between environmental stress and human migration has blossomed over the last 10 years. While such work has provided important insights into this relationship, there has been, to date, limited effort expended on generating a generalisable framework for apprehending such interactions. This paper seeks to address this deficit. Based on semi-structured interviews in two sending and four receiving areas in northern Ethiopia, it explores dominant mobility narratives among populations whose livelihoods are exposed to a range of environmental stresses. Analysis of these narratives corroborates findings from other empirical studies on the subject, highlighting how the impact of environmental stress on human mobility can only be understood within the context in which it occurs. To this end the paper attempts to generate a typology of interactions between environmental and non-environmental factors shaping mobility. The typology is based on four effects: additive, enabling, vulnerability and barrier effects. It is thought to provide a generalisable conceptual language which is capable of describing the role of environmental stress in mobility decisions and thereby offering a systematic means for thinking through the processes by which environmental stress impacts upon mobility. While the framework is hypothesised to be suitably generalisable to account for other contexts and other environmental stresses, this still needs to be tested. In addition it is acknowledged that the framework suffers from some major limitations. Most notable is reliance on a conceptually false distinction between environmental and non-environmental factors, and the inability to account for the non-environmental features which shape perceptions of migration.