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71.
During an earthquake, buildings which are vulnerable to seismic loads will be damaged, resulting in property loss and the potential for casualties. To reduce loss of life and injury, the relationship between earthquake-induced building failure and injury severity and distribution needs to be clarified. To this end, a methodology and a series of data collection forms were developed to collect pertinent data for post-event analysis and to provide a basis for structural triage in the field shortly following an earthquake for search and rescue purposes. The forms were developed in four steps: (1) identifying the variables which affect the outcome of an occupant in a damaged building; (2) classifying the variables into three levels of priority for data collection; (3) designing the forms; and (4) applying the forms to damaged buildings from past earthquakes. These forms represent a significant departure from existing forms in that they consider both casualties and building damage jointly in a consistent format. This paper describes the first two steps of the development process; a companion paper outlines the latter components. 相似文献
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地震速报参数不确定性的应急灾害损失快速评估模型 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文针对目前地震应急灾害损失快速评估中存在的问题,建立了考虑地震速报参数不确定性的灾害损失快速评估模型。并利用1990年来全国的81组速报震中与宏观震中数据。得到速报震中与宏观震中偏差的概率分布经验参数。 相似文献
76.
Remote sensing technology has been widely recognized for contributing to emergency response efforts after the World Trade
Center attack on September 11th, 2001. The need to coordinate activities in the midst of a dense, yet relatively small area,
made the combination of imagery and mapped data strategically useful. This paper reviews the role played by aerial photography,
satellite imagery, and LIDAR data at Ground Zero. It examines how emergency managers utilized these datasets, and identifies
significant problems that were encountered. It goes on to explore additional ways in which imagery could have been used, while
presenting recommendations for more effective use in future disasters and Homeland Security applications. To plan adequately
for future events, it was important to capture knowledge from individuals who responded to the World Trade Center attack.
In recognition, interviews with key emergency management and geographic information system (GIS) personnel provide the basis
of this paper. Successful techniques should not be forgotten, or serious problems dismissed. Although widely used after September
11th, it is important to recognize that with better planning, remote sensing and GIS could have played an even greater role.
Together with a data acquisition timeline, an expanded discussion of these issues is available in the MCEER/NSF report “Emergency
Response in the Wake of the World Trade Center Attack; The Remote Sensing Perspective” (Huyck and Adams, 2002) 相似文献
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通过比较几种Internet GIS不同开发方案,详细探讨了ArcIMS地图服务软件平台的特点和功能。在Internet上开发高效的海量地理信息数据发布系统时候,涉及到超大容量的影像/图像数据,提出了解决这个问题的方案,并以构建地震应急指挥系统中的信息发布子系统为例,介绍了使用ArcIMS进行海量信息发布的实现方案。 相似文献
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将空间决策支持技术SDSS引入城市地震应急指挥技术领域,利用决策支持技术DSS的多模型组合建模方法和地理信息系统的空间分析技术,建构了城市地震应急指挥空间辅助决策支持软件系统。详细讨论了该系统的整体规划与功能实现,并对系统数据库、模型库、方法库和知识库及其管理子系统的设计与开发作了详细阐述,以期为城市灾害与突发事件的防御与应急提供技术支持。 相似文献
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