Buckling failures of reserved thin pillars under the combined action of in-plane and lateral hydrostatic compressive forces

The reasons that pillars with small width-to-height ratios fail remain unclear. This study established a mechanical model for the buckling failure of a thin pillar subjected to compressive forces to investigate the stability of reserved thin pillars (RTPs) on both sides of mining units during barrier pillar recovery. The critical buckling stress of the thin pillar was obtained using the energy variational method, and its relationship to the aspect ratio (length-to-width ratio) was investigated. The buckling instability of RTPs can be determined by comparing the RTP stress obtained from numerical simulations with the buckling stress derived from the mechanical model.     

导水裂隙带高度预测途径探讨

导水裂隙带高度是设计防水煤（岩）柱尺寸的主要技术参数，是煤矿防治水工作的重要内容。详细论述了其研究现状及发展趋势，并提出了履岩体地质环境，履岩体力学环境和数值模拟技术三位一体的综合预测评价方法。     

剪切速率对结构性吹填软土力学特性影响试验研究

黏土在剪切变形过程中,剪切速率的不同会对其结构破坏产生不同影响,从而影响其力学特性.本文以天津滨海新区吹填软土为研究对象,在对吹填软土关于结构性讨论的基础上,开展了剪切速率对其力学性状影响的三轴试验研究,分析其剪切速率力学效应.试验结果表明:随着剪切速率的提高,在低围压条件下,吹填软土的强度及其结构屈服应力均先减小后增大,存在临界剪切速率,而在高围压条件下,强度及其结构屈服应力则逐渐增大,与剪切速率呈正相关关系,临界剪切速率逐渐消失; 吹填软土的黏聚力在不同围压下随剪切速率提高均呈现减小趋势,内摩擦角在低围压条件下随剪切速率提高呈现增大趋势,在高围压条件下则随剪切速率提高呈现减小趋势; 在剪切过程中,孔隙水压力均随着轴向应变的增大到某一值然后稳定下来,随着围压的进一步加大,孔隙水压力的稳定值会随剪切速率的提高呈减小趋势.     

Experimental research on the mechanical properties of methane hydrate-bearing sediments during hydrate dissociation

This paper describes studies of the effect of hydrate dissociation on the safety and stability of methane hydrate-bearing sediments. Methane hydrates within the sediments were dissociating under the conditions of a confining pressure of 0.5 MPa, 1 MPa, 2 MPa and a temperature of −5 °C. After 6 h, 24 h, or 48 h, a series of triaxial compression tests on methane hydrate-bearing sediments were performed. The tests of ice-clay and sediments without hydrate dissociation were performed for comparison. Focusing on the mechanical properties of the sediments, the experimental results indicated that the shear strength of the ice-clay mixtures was lower than that of the methane hydrate-bearing sediments. The strength of the sediments was reduced by hydrate dissociation, and the strength tended to decrease further at the lower confining pressures. The secant modulus E_S of the sediments dropped by 42.6% in the case of the dissociation time of the hydrate of 48 h at the confining pressure of 1 MPa; however, the decline of the initial yield modulus E₀ was only 9.34%. The slower hydrate dissociation rate contributed to reducing the failure strength at a declining pace. Based on the Mohr–Coulomb strength theory, it was concluded that the decrease in strength was mainly affected by the cohesive reduction. Moreover, the mathematical expression of the M–C criterion related to the hydrate dissociation time was proposed. This research could be valuable for the safety and stability of hydrate deposits in a permafrost region.     

岫岩金矿控矿断裂生成定位的边界条件和机理

辽宁岫岩金矿是岩浆热液成因的石英脉型金矿床，然而矿区内的一系列石英脉体尽管其空间分布上关系密切，但其矿化程度却有显著差异。本文就这种差异的原因从区域构造应力场－岩体形态－岩石力学性质－控矿（脉）断裂的性质及时、空定位的相关上进行了深入分析探讨，认为岩体形态、岩石物理力学性质是影响断裂时、空定位和性质的主要因素，而且是控制矿化程度差异的根本因素。井由此推断，在１￣＃，２￣＃断裂带南东侧延伸的深部有望找到矿体。     

植被护坡研究综述

近年来,随着我国工业、交通以及城镇化的快速发展,工程建设如雨后春笋。随之而来的是各种工程问题,其中最为突出的是边坡破坏问题,尤其是高速铁路、新扩建机场、新城区等长距离和大面积工程建设中,开挖或回填导致了大量人工边坡的出现,打破了原有边坡的平衡状态。因此,研究边坡防护方法和技术变得至关重要。边坡防护方法中,植被护坡技术因其成本低、效果好而被广泛应用,但当前植被护坡机理和实施技术的研究还比较分散。本文从植被护坡加固机理的水文效应、力学效应两个方面对当前植被护坡的相关研究成果进行了分类总结。得出：（1）水文效应体现在植被护坡的降雨截流作用;（2）力学效应体现在根-土相互作用增加了边坡岩土体的抗剪强度;（3）加固机理即为短根对边坡岩土体的加筋作用、长根的锚固作用以及防止坡面冲刷风化的作用。总体而言,学者们对植被护坡的加固机理和关键技术已经做了大量的试验和数值模拟研究。但植被护坡领域仍然存在着定量分析不充分的问题,同时学者们常将植被护坡的水文效应与力学效应分离,使得研究的情况与真实情况存在着较大的差异。此外,实际工程中对植被的选择和植被后期养护方法的研究也不充分。     

Dynamics analysis on transverse cutting mechanism of straw checkerboard paving robot

The transverse cutting mechanism of the checkerboard paving robot, which directly affects the robot’s operation, is regarded as the most important part in a transverse pavement system. This research aims at designing a new system which is appropriate for desert working environments and finishing cutting the rope of straw. In this paper, computer emulating technology is applied, and with three-dimensional modeling by Pro/ENGINEER software, can observe whether or not interference exists. Also, the speed and displacement parameters of the main parts of the cutting system are given by the dynamic emulation by Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical System (ADAMS), which theoretically assures the feasibility and appropriateness of the cutting mechanism. Finally, results of the experiment shows that the cutting mechanism can cut the straw strand as designed.     

Geometries of frontal fold and thrust belts: Insights from discrete element simulations

This study investigated the evolution of frontal structures of fold and thrust belts with 2D numerical simulations using the discrete element method (DEM). Of specific interest is the occurrence of triangle zones, and how mechanical stratigraphy affects the formation of the triangle zones. In our simulations, we varied the strength of a two unit stratigraphy, as well as the décollement horizons, to determine the controlling parameters of different types of frontal structures. For models with homogenous stratigraphy, deformation was concentrated along forethrusts, which involved both the upper and lower units. With the addition of a mechanically weak upper unit, deformation along forethrusts and popup structures largely occurred in the upper unit with relatively little deformation of the lower unit. With thicker décollement surfaces and strong upper and lower units, decoupling was enhanced and allowed for the formation of triangle zones in front of the deforming wedge. The triangle zones were uplifted along lower forethrusts, until a new frontal triangle zone formed. Results compared favorably with triangle zones found in the Canadian Cordillera in southern Alberta.     

石质构件风化层内力学性能变化规律研究

石质构件风化层内力学参数随深度变化的规律是石质古建筑稳定性、耐久性和保护方案研究中重要的内容。本文针对古建筑石质构件风化层不便取样,风化岩样加工易破坏和室内试验只能得出试件整体的力学参数,不能反映风化层内力学参数由表及里逐渐变化的不足,综合运用现场声波测试和室内试验对义乌宋代古月桥(建于1213年)风化条石的抗压强度、弹性模量与深度的关系进行了研究。研究表明,风化层内岩石弹性模量、抗压强度与未风化区域的比值随深度呈较好的负指数关系。