Construction of GPS MonitoringNetwork,Characteristics of RecentCrustal Movement,and Relationbetween Stress Field andEarthquake Activity in the NingxiaRegion

INT正ODU**!0厂Nln以la Is located In the nol’th segmentdthe North－southselsnuc Belt,Whlchls thejuncturedthe Qinghai－Xizang(Dbet)block,Alxa block and Odos block．In that region,the tectonic activity。svery strong;。y strong earthquakes occu。d In history,such as the 1739 ingluo M。8．0 earthqu拙eandl920 Halyuan M。8．5 eafthquake,etc．; Merately strongeaFthquakes are still veryactlve atpresent,onlyln the Wuzhong－un斟m area,there have been7 e血hquakes tvlth M。＞5．0 to occ…     

中国大陆地震活动分期及其与构造运动的关系

利用应变积累释放曲线的方法，讨论中国各主要地震区带的平静－活跃期现象及其与构造运动之间的联系。中国西南地区的地震活动反映了由印度－欧亚板块碰撞引起的动力作用由西向东，由南向北的推过程。     

应变固体潮资料与气压的相关分析及其改正的一种方法

通过对应变资料和气压资料的频谱分析，将固体潮频段的信息分别提取出来，再进行相关分析，二者显示出了很强的线性相关性。据此，对应变观测资料进行了气压改正，使应变固体潮调和分析的各项精度指标有了明显的提高，指出该方法的实用效果，同时，对气压改正中存在的问题也进行了讨论     

渤海、黄海沿岸主要港湾假潮的基本特征

基于港湾假潮振动的基本原理，从渤海、黄海沿岸20个验潮站多年水位自记曲线资料获取假潮参数，并对其做了统计分析，给出了假潮的统计特征，还讨论了假潮形成的初步原因。结果表明，该海域主要港湾假潮出现具有明显的局地性、季节性和年际变化；夏季是大振幅假潮（振幅^1)≥80cm）的多发期，冬季基本上不出现；龙口港湾的大振幅假潮最为突出，最大振幅可达293cm；气压和风速、风向突变的良好配合，是发生大振幅假潮的主要原因。     

渔船主机排废气特性的研究

通过对东京水产大学研究练习船－神鹰丸主机转速、功率，以及排废气的测定，优化渔船主机操纵主机可以使船舶在各种航行工况下主机NOx的排放率达到最低值。结果表明，当船舶航速为4节时，主机转速应设定在750转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为10．3g/kWh，比常规操纵减少9％；当船舶航速为8节时，主机转速应设定在750转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为10．5g/kWh，比常规操纵减少4．6％；当船舶航速为10节时，主机转速应设定在875转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为11．6g/kWh，比常规操纵减少1．7％；当船舶航速为12节时，主机转速应设定在750转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为12．5g/kWh，比常规操纵减少6％；当船舶航速为13节时，主机转速应设定在750转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为12g/kWh，比常规操纵减少3．2％。在拖网作业过程中，船舶航速为4节，主机转速应设定在875转分，此时NOx的拓放率最低为12．3g/kWh，比常规操纵减少2．8％。在延绳钓作业过程中，船舶航速为10节，主机转速应设定在875转／分，此时NOx的排放率最低为11．5g/kWh,比常规操纵减少1．7％。     

甘肃省主要河流径流时空分布规律及演变趋势分析

通过对甘肃省主要河流径流时空分布规律的分析研究,得出干旱缺水的主要原因是各河年径流丰水时段很短,一般只有2～3年;枯水时段很长,可达7～26年;祁连山区许多河流多年均值基本稳定。并预测从1998年开始至2009年,全省诸河水量从枯水年代转向平水到偏丰的年代;建议全省必须树立长期抗旱的思想,水资源利用必须进行系统分析优化配置。     

Analysis of central western Europe deformation using GPS and seismic data

The kinematic field of central western Europe is characterized by relatively small movements (around 1–2 mm/year) and diffuse seismicity with earthquakes occurring mostly in the shallow crust (within 15 km), prevalently concentrated along the Alps and the European Cenozoic Rift System (ECRIS). In order to study and constrain the current crustal kinematic field we reconstructed the velocity and the strain field using permanent GPS stations, belonging to different networks (AGNES, EUREF, REGAL, RGP). The 2D strain rate tensor has been calculated using the method of least-squares collocation. Our results show that the area of maximum compression is located along the Alpine chain, where maximum values of 7 ± 2 nstrain/year are found, while maximum extension is measured between the Armorican Massif and the Massif Central, where values of 4 ± 2 nstrain/year are reached.The earthquakes with M > 3.0, have been used to estimate the seismic strain rates, while the style of the seismic deformation was reconstructed from the fault plane solutions (FPS) available from the literature. Relatively high values of seismic strain rates (around 10 nstrain/year) are measured along the Alpine Chain and the ECRIS. Results obtained by geodetic and seismic data are quite in agreement and reflect the different tectonic evolution of the geological features characterizing the area of study. The orientation of the compressional geodetic and seismic strain axes are NW-SE in most of the area of study, on account of the action of plate boundary forces. A rotation of the same axes to N-S direction along the eastern Alps, possibly related to the Adria convergence, is found.     

The current strain distribution in the North China Basin of eastern China by least-squares collocation

In this paper, the velocities of 154 stations obtained in 2001 and 2003 GPS survey campaigns are applied to formulate a continuous velocity field by the least-squares collocation method. The strain rate field obtained by the least-squares collocation method shows more clear deformation patterns than that of the conventional discrete triangle method. The significant deformation zones obtained are mainly located in three places, to the north of Tangshan, between Tianjing and Shijiazhuang, and to the north of Datong, which agree with the places of the Holocene active deformation zones obtained by geological investigations. The maximum shear strain rate is located at latitude 38.6°N and longitude 116.8°E, with a magnitude of 0.13 ppm/a. The strain rate field obtained can be used for earthquake prediction research in the North China Basin.     

用应变积累释放模型浅析山西地区地震活动特点

通过对山西地区历史地震地震活动性和应变能积累释放过程进行分析,得出,山西地区现在正处在应变能释放阶段,这一阶段可能持续80 a~90 a左右,在此期间将会发生5级~6级左右的地震;通过对现代3.0级地震两方面的分析得出,山西地区现在正处在能量主要积累阶段,估计在未来2 a~3 a之内,有发生4级以上地震的可能。     

Aqueous volatiles in hydrothermal fluids from the Main Endeavour Field, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge: temporal variability following earthquake activity

The Main Endeavour Field, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge, experienced intense seismic activity in June 1999. Hydrothermal vent fluids were collected from sulfide structures in September 1999 and July 2000 and analyzed for the abundance of H₂, H₂S, CH₄, CO₂, NH₃, Mg and Cl to document temporal and spatial changes following the earthquakes. Dissolved concentrations of CO₂, H₂, and H₂S increased dramatically in the September 1999 samples relative to pre-earthquake abundances, and subsequently decreased during the following year. In contrast, dissolved NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations in 1999 and 2000 were similar to or less than pre-earthquake values. Aqueous Cl abundances showed large decreases immediately following the earthquakes followed by increases to near pre-earthquake values. The abundances of volatile species at the Main Endeavour Field were characterized by strong inverse correlations with chlorinity. Phase separation can account for 20-50% enrichments of CO₂, CH₄, and NH₃ in low-chlorinity fluids, while temperature- and pressure-dependent fluid-mineral equilibria at near-critical conditions are responsible for order of magnitude greater enrichments in dissolved H₂S and H₂. The systematic variation of dissolved gas concentrations with chlorinity likely reflects mixing of a low-chlorinity volatile-enriched vapor generated by supercritical phase separation with a cooler gas-poor hydrothermal fluid of seawater chlorinity. Decreased abundances of sediment-derived NH₃ and CH₄ in 1999 indicate an earthquake-induced change in subsurface hydrology. Elevated CO₂ abundances in vent fluids collected in September 1999 provide evidence that supports a magmatic origin for the earthquakes. Temperature-salinity relationships are consistent with intrusion of a shallow dike and suggest that the earthquakes were associated with movement of magma beneath the ridge crest. These data demonstrate the large and rapid response of chemical fluxes at mid-ocean ridges to magmatic activity and associated changes in subsurface temperature and pressure.