钢管混凝土拱桥海上应用实例

近年来钢管混凝土拱桥建设在全国迅速发展,型式多样、各有千秋。本文就大跨度全钢系杆拱在大连新港50万吨级进口原油码头引桥上的成功应用做以下介绍。     

On the nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices in a rotating environment

We examine the three-dimensional, nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices in a rotating environment. As the initial vorticity distribution, a wavetrain of finite amplitude Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices in shear is employed. Through direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations we seek to better understand the process of maturation of the various three-dimensional modes of instability to which such vortical flows are subject, especially those which exist as a consequence of the action of the Coriolis force. In the absence of rotational influence, we thereby demonstrate that the nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices is most strongly controlled by one or the other of two mechanisms. One mechanism of instability is identifiable as a so-called elliptical instability, which promotes the initial bending of vortex tubes in a sinusoidal fashion, while the other is a hyperbolic mode, which is responsible for the development of streamwise vortex streaks in the "braids" between adjacent vortex cores. In the rotating case, anticyclonic vortices are strongly destabilized by weak background rotation, while rapid rotation stabilizes both the cyclones and anticyclones. The strong anticyclones are subject to two distinct forms of instability, namely a Coriolis force modified elliptical instability and an inertial (centrifugal) instability. The former instability is very similar to the nonrotating form of the elliptical instability as it promotes bending of vortex tubes, while the latter instability grows on the edge of the vortex core and generates streaks of vorticity, which surround the vortex core itself. These results of direct numerical simulation fully verify the results of previous linear stability analyses. Taken together, they provide a simple explanation for the broken symmetry that is often observed to be characteristic of the von Karman vortex streets that develop in the atmospheric lee of oceanic islands.     

Lagrangian modeling of water circulation in the Lofoten Basin

Lagrangian particle tracking is implemented for the Lofoten Basin of the Norwegian Sea. The ocean dynamic fields are obtained from the GLORYS 12V1 reanalysis available by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service. Spatial distributions of the Lagrangian particles during May-November 2014 are analyzed for two depth layers: the sea-surface (0.5 m) and 266 m. The results show a significant impact of the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC) on the thermohaline structure of the upper Lofoten Basin, underestimated previously. The NCC penetrates deep into the central Lofoten basin as far as the longitude 0°. In the subsurface layer, the area over which the NCC influences water structure is comparable to the area of the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current (NASC), as well as to that of the Norwegian Atlantic Frontal Current (NAFC). The NCC maximum influence on the surface water of the Basin is reached in August. The inflow of the NCC is associated with relatively fresh water intrusions (0.5–2‰ fresher than the surrounding waters) moving from the coast to the central part of the Basin. The NASC and NAFC form two main sources of the Atlantic Water in the Lofoten Basin. At 266 m level, the NASC and NAFC waters dominate water structure in the basin. Herewith the NASC influence prevails over that of the NAFC, the latter being limited to the western periphery of the Basin. At this level, the NCC is observed only along a narrow band following the eastern coast. During summer, the core of the Lofoten Vortex (LV) at 266 m is mainly composed of the NAFC water. This fact contradicts the previous point of view of the dominance of the NASC in the LV core at all depth levels. Using two types of Lagrangian maps, we highlighted the summer and the autumn periods in the LV annual lifecycle. The summer LV is characterized by high orbital velocities, which are several times higher than those of the currents along the basin boundaries. The monthly mean orbital velocities in the LV reach 35 сm s⁻¹. To the end of autumn, the LV weakens with the monthly mean orbital velocities below 10 cm s⁻¹.     

φ75 mm双管单动采煤管在薄煤层及粉煤钻探中的应用

在邻水孔家山井田钻探施工中,由于施工区域煤层厚度不稳定,并且煤层主要以粉煤为主,前期技术准备不充分,造成煤层打丢打薄。通过对其原因的分析及采煤工具的选取和采煤工艺的摸索,引入Ф75 mm双管单动采煤管,并确定了一套简单易行的采煤工艺方法。应用表明,该钻具及工艺能够极大地提高煤样的采取率,防止煤层打薄打丢情况的发生。     

夏季青藏高原低涡的切向流场及波动特征分析

从大气动力学原理出发,将高原低涡视为受热源强迫的边界层内涡旋,建立了柱坐标下满足梯度风平衡的低涡控制方程组,分析高原低涡切向流场的基本特征.在此基础上,通过求解线性化涡旋模式,得出高原低涡中各类波动的频散关系及其特征,同时定性讨论了热力作用对混合波动的影响以及混合波动与高原低涡流场特征的联系.使用中尺度数值模式WRF分...     

二重钢管防屈曲耗能支撑的有限元分析

设计了12组41种二重钢管防屈曲耗能支撑试件,应用有限元软件ABAQUS对其进行了有限元分析,研究了径厚比、约束比、长细比和边界条件对支撑性能的影响.分析结果表明:二重钢管防屈曲耗能支撑的径厚比取值不大于24、约束比的取值不小于3时,支撑的滞回曲线饱满、稳定;当支撑的长细比增加时,可以通过提高约束比来避免支撑发生整体屈...     

DSQ水管仪和SSQ-2I水平摆效能对比研究

SSQ-2I型水平摆仪器和DSQ水管仪同属倾斜类前兆仪器,两者观测原理不同,但观测物理量一致.相对于水管仪而言,SSQ-2I型水平摆属于新型仪器,有关其运行效能的评价很少.延庆地震台从2007年开始两种仪器同场地观测,通过年变幅度、滤波残差、周期分析、Venedikov调和分析、相关性分析、抗干扰能力等角度,对两种仪器...     

数字形变观测的高频抖动信号对地震前兆响应分析

通过对河南荥阳地震台水管观测记录中的60例“高频抖动信号”,与周围250 km范围内地震事件在时间域的前兆响应的统计分析,结果表明,这种信号与地震事件之间具有一定程度的前兆响应关系.认为该高频抖动信号与周围地震具有内在的关联性,是地壳形变过程的一种前兆反应,具有一定的前兆意义.     

Research on seismic performance of shear walls with concrete filled steel tube columns and concealed steel trusses

In order to further improve the seismic performance of RC shear walls, a new composite shear wall with concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns and concealed steel trusses is proposed. This new shear wall is a double composite shear wall; the first composite being the use of three different force systems, CFT, steel truss and shear wall, and the second the use of two different materials, steel and concrete. Three 1/5 scaled experimental specimens: a traditional RC shear wall, a shear wall with CFT columns, and a shear wall with CFT columns and concealed steel trusses, were tested under cyclic loading and the seismic performance indices of the shear walls were comparatively analyzed. Based on the data from these experiments, a thorough elastic-plastic finite element analysis and parametric analysis of the new shear walls were carried out using ABAQUS software. The finite element results of deformation, stress distribution, and the evolution of cracks in each phase were compared with the experimental results and showed good agreement. A mechanical model was also established for calculating the load-carrying capacity of the new composite shear walls. The results show that this new type of shear wall has improved seismic performance over the other two types of shear walls tested.     

正压准平衡海洋模型及其解Ⅱ:中纬度自由涡旋波动

本文研究了正压准平衡海洋模型中的自由涡旋波.得到的主要结论有:该模型中的解为波包,其载频都是西传的.在仅考虑大洋西海岸时其载频频率是连续谱;而同时考虑大洋东、西海岸时则其为离散谱;且均有其载频频率越高(周期越短)其水平尺度越大的特点,对过分低频的波动,则会使准平衡的假定不再适用.模型中波包载频的周期约在26 d至24 ...