CCD倾斜仪的差分式结构和电路细分方法研究

介绍通过差分式结构设计和脉冲延迟细分方法解决CCD水管倾斜仪的抗干扰能力较弱、分辨力不高等不足.     

“双低”技术在主动脉CTA中的可行性研究

目的:评价“双低”技术在主动脉CT血管造影(CTA)中的图像质量和辐射剂量,探讨其临床应用可行性。方法:前瞻性将90例临床似诊为主动脉疾病患者随机分为常规组和双低组(n=45)。常规组:120kVp、对比剂量1.5mL/kg(浓度350mgI/mL)。双低组:100kVp、对比剂量1.0mL/kg(浓度300mgI/mL)。两组的其他扫描参数相同,开启自动管电流调制(ATCM)和Smart prep技术。读取CTA剂量报告中的CT容积剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP);记录每位患者对比剂用量并计算碘含量。由2位副主任医师对图像质量进行主观和客观评价,评价内容包括:靶血管和背景的CT值,图像的信噪比(SNR)及对比噪声比(CNR),主动脉及分支血管显示情况和血管锐利程度。采取两独立样本t检验来比较两组的临床资料、辐射剂量、碘含量、图像质量的主观及客观评价等指标。结果:两组在年龄、身高、身体质量指数(BMI)均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。双低组患者接受辐射剂量和碘含量均明显低于常规组,两组差异有明显统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组图像的主观评价差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。客观评价:两组在主动脉主干及分支的CT值均>300HU,之间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);两组SNR、CNR之间差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),双低组图像噪声略高于常规组,噪声在诊断范围内。结论:应用100kVp、对比剂量1.0mL/kg(浓度300mgI/mL),结合ATCM技术在主动脉CTA检查是可行的,优势是有效降低了辐射剂量和对比剂碘量,同时能满足临床诊断要求。      

朝阳地震台水管倾斜仪异常核实的认识和讨论

通过朝阳地震台水管倾斜仪异常调查核实,分析其可能的干扰源,并利用滤波和周期分析的数据分析方法进行验证,提高了前兆异常核实的信度和科学含量。     

气象因素对倾斜仪观测干扰特征分析

采用常熟台水管仪与垂直摆2009～2015年观测数据,研究了气压、降雨、气温、洞温等因素对地倾斜观测的影响特征。结果表明,降雨对地倾斜观测数据干扰最为显著,表现为NS分量发生南倾,EW分量发生西倾,量级上NS分量受干扰程度比EW分量大,垂直摆受干扰程度比水管仪大;气压变化影响表现为短周期扰动,并导致日值曲线出现短时间畸变;气温及洞温变化影响观测值出现明显的年变规律和年变幅变化,对日观测值影响不明显。     

On the merger of subsurface isolated vortices

Vortex merger is a phenomenon characterizing the whole class of geophysical vortices, from atmospheric storms and large oceanic eddies up to small scale turbulence. Here we focus on the merger of subsurface oceanic anticyclones in an idealized primitive equations model. This study has been motivated by past and recent observations of colliding lens-like anticyclones off of Gibraltar Strait. The critical conditions for merger (critical merger distance and time needed for merger) are determined. We will show that the predictions of classical two-dimensional merger are not verified for subsurface isolated vortices. For instance, critical merger distances will be reduced because of the vortex potential vorticity (PV) structure. The post-merger characteristics of the vortex (radius, extension and PV), are also determined. Merger-related effects, like production of peripheral filaments and small-scale eddies are also investigated and suggest the contribution of merger in both direct and inverse energy cascades.     

Models of interacting pairs of thin,quasi-geostrophic vortices: steady-state solutions and nonlinear stability

We study pairwise interactions of elliptical quasi-geostrophic (QG) vortices as the limiting case of vanishingly thin uniform potential vorticity ellipsoids. In this limit, the product of the vertical extent of the ellipsoid and the potential vorticity within it is held fixed to a finite non-zero constant. Such elliptical “lenses” inherit the property that, in isolation, they steadily rotate without changing shape. Here, we use this property to extend both standard moment models and Hamiltonian ellipsoidal models to approximate the dynamical interaction of such elliptical lenses. By neglecting non-elliptical deformations, the simplified models reduce the dynamics to just four degrees of freedom per vortex. For simplicity, we focus on pairwise interactions between identical elliptical vortices initially separated in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The dynamics of the simplified models are compared with the full QG dynamics of the system, and show good agreement as expected for sufficiently distant lenses. The results reveal the existence of families of steadily rotating equilibria in the initial horizontal and vertical separation parameter space. For sufficiently large vertical separations, equilibria with varying shape exist for all horizontal separations. Below a critical vertical separation (stretched by the constant ratio of buoyancy to Coriolis frequencies N / f), comparable to the mean radius of either vortex, a gap opens in horizontal separation where no equilibria are possible. Solutions near the edge of this gap are unstable. In the full QG system, equilibria at the edge of the gap exhibit corners (infinite curvature) along their boundaries. Comparisons of the model results with the full nonlinear QG evolution show that the early stages of the instability are captured by the Hamiltonian elliptical model but not by the moment model that inaccurately estimates shorter-range interactions.     

利用湖州台形变观测资料检测地震激发的地球球形自由振荡

By using the digital observations of the pendulum tiltmeter, water tube tiltmeter,extensometer and volumetric strainmeter at Huzhou station and with the power spectrum density estimation method,we acquired the_0S_5-_0S_50 fundamental sphere free oscillations caused by the Japan earthquake on March 11,2011,then compared it with the PREM model. The relative errors are mostly bigger than 1.2‰. The extensometer and volume strainmeter can clearly detect _0S_2,_0S_3and_0S_4,which are closely related to the deep structure and earth's interior.     

小口径钢管桩与固结灌浆技术联合应用于岩溶地基处理

以工程实践为例,简述复杂岩溶地基处理中小口径钢管桩与固结灌浆技术联合应用的设计、施工工艺及应用效果。     

钢管混凝土拱桥海上应用实例

近年来钢管混凝土拱桥建设在全国迅速发展,型式多样、各有千秋。本文就大跨度全钢系杆拱在大连新港50万吨级进口原油码头引桥上的成功应用做以下介绍。     

On the nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices in a rotating environment

We examine the three-dimensional, nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices in a rotating environment. As the initial vorticity distribution, a wavetrain of finite amplitude Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices in shear is employed. Through direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations we seek to better understand the process of maturation of the various three-dimensional modes of instability to which such vortical flows are subject, especially those which exist as a consequence of the action of the Coriolis force. In the absence of rotational influence, we thereby demonstrate that the nonlinear evolution of columnar vortices is most strongly controlled by one or the other of two mechanisms. One mechanism of instability is identifiable as a so-called elliptical instability, which promotes the initial bending of vortex tubes in a sinusoidal fashion, while the other is a hyperbolic mode, which is responsible for the development of streamwise vortex streaks in the "braids" between adjacent vortex cores. In the rotating case, anticyclonic vortices are strongly destabilized by weak background rotation, while rapid rotation stabilizes both the cyclones and anticyclones. The strong anticyclones are subject to two distinct forms of instability, namely a Coriolis force modified elliptical instability and an inertial (centrifugal) instability. The former instability is very similar to the nonrotating form of the elliptical instability as it promotes bending of vortex tubes, while the latter instability grows on the edge of the vortex core and generates streaks of vorticity, which surround the vortex core itself. These results of direct numerical simulation fully verify the results of previous linear stability analyses. Taken together, they provide a simple explanation for the broken symmetry that is often observed to be characteristic of the von Karman vortex streets that develop in the atmospheric lee of oceanic islands.