磁场重联耗散区内X线附近的强低混杂波的Geotail卫星观测研究

Geotail卫星于2003年5月15日在近地磁尾观测到磁场重联并穿越重联耗散区.卫星从尾向—南尾瓣一侧穿越磁场重联耗散区到地向—北尾瓣一侧的过程中,随着等离子体流反向,霍尔磁场(By) 被观测到.本文研究了该磁场重联耗散区内的低混杂波.观测结果显示,在磁场重联耗散区核心及其附近区域观测到在低混杂频率附近存在强烈的等离子体波动的增强,其传播方向主要垂直于背景磁场,该等离子体波动为低混杂波.前人的模拟结果认为,当磁场重联得到充分发展之前,低混杂波将消失.本文的观测结果充分说明,当磁场重联充分发展之后,在核心区域仍然存在增强的低混杂波,说明低混杂波贯穿磁场重联的整个发展过程.这种观测结果与计算机等离子体模拟的结果有所不同.本文的观测对低混杂波在磁场重联中的具体表现提供了新的观测证据并有可能修正前人的理论.     

钻孔岩芯古地磁研究方法进展

本文介绍一种运用现代地磁场黏滞剩磁以及磁组构测试数据对钻孔岩芯进行古地磁研究的方法，并成功地将其应用于塔里本盆地北部钻孔岩芯的古地磁研究。作者还就有关的一些问题进行了讨论。     

引力场中磁场重联的数值研究（Ⅱ）磁力线足点的剪切运动

本文基于二维三分量可压缩磁流体动力学模拟，数值研究由于磁力线足点在光球层的剪切运动引起日冕电流片中的磁场重联过程。结果表明，磁力线足点的剪切运动作为引起强迫磁场重联的一种触发机制，将加速磁场重联的发展和磁岛的合并过程。结合不稳定性导致等离子体急剧加速，在β_∞＝０．１的情况下其加速度达到０．３４ν_Ａ∞／τＡ，等离子体的最大下落速度可达１．９０ν_Ａ∞，大于纯电阻撕裂模情况。还讨论了β_∞值对这种磁场重联过程的影响。β_∞值越小，磁场重联和磁岛合并过程发展得越快。     

磁力测深公式的推导及应用

本文从地球物理场出发，通过严密的数学物理推导，提出了磁力测深公式，并导出了著名的重力测深公式的更一般表达式。为了得到更为精确的解，本文又提出了应用最优化理论的空间域迭代算法，并根据地球物理模型对于高斯优化法进行了改进，在算法上有所创新，使其在计算机上实现时算法简单，计算速度快。文中还列举了一些模型的实验结果，对磁力测深公式及迭代算法的有效性及可靠性进行了论证。用本文方法对实际资料的处理结果是令人满意的，证明该方法有一定的实用性。     

黄壁庄台地磁异常的调查与落实

黄壁庄地磁台总强度Ｆ和垂直强度Ｚ的观测值，从１９９１年４月开始出现了持续１４个月以上的异常变化。同红山台相比，最大下降幅度分别为１０和１２ｎＴ。在１９９２年度会商会上，这个异常被列为强震背景异常，引起了有关地震部门的关注。现经深入细致的调查和测试，证明这个异常变化是距台站１００多米处建筑群的施工所造成的，绝非地震前兆异常。     

Magnetic fabrics and microstructures of the Jurassic Shah-Kuh granite pluton (Lut Block, Eastern Iran) and geodynamic inference

The Jurassic Shah-Kuh granite pluton was emplaced in the northeastern part of the Lut Block (Eastern Iran) while this block was a part of the active margin under which the Tethys ocean, that separated Arabia from Central Iran, was subducting. Since this time, the Lut Block has rotated and migrated northward up to its present position. This structural study of the Shah-Kuh aims at strengthening the evidence of its original geodynamical location. Thanks to a systematic collection of oriented samples in the field, well-defined fabric and microstructural patterns were deduced from magnetic fabric measurements and optical microscopy observations. The overall magnetic fabric of the pluton yields vertical, north–south striking foliations and shallow lineations plunging to the north. The corresponding microstructures attest to their formation in the magmatic stage, i.e. during emplacement. Subsequent deformation, characterized by (sub)mylonitic microstructures, has modified the original fabric into a northwest and locally a west–northwest trend inside a two kilometre-wide corridor. This corridor reflects the trace of a sinistral shear zone that offsets the previous north–south magmatic pattern of the pluton. The latter magmatic pattern is proposed to result from the shear component of strain that was parallel to the ancient active margin during pluton emplacement, as a result of strain partitioning, a situation frequently documented at convergent margins. Sinistral shear along an  E–W directed south-facing active margin, assuming a northeastward slip vector for the Tethys ocean during the Jurassic, and accepting a  150° counterclockwise rotation of the Lut Block after emplacement of the Shah-Kuh pluton, best explains both the magmatic and the solid-state lineation patterns.     

几次大震前的地面和空间电磁场变化

本文应用非线性谱估计方法(MEM方法)、电/磁场脉冲能量统计方法,处理了四川汶川MS8.0 (2008)、新疆于田MS7.3 (2008)和青海玉树MS7.1 (2010) 地震及强余震附近的地面电/磁场和Demeter卫星电离层磁场观测数据,研究了地震电/磁场变化,得到:在震中附近及周围出现了震前地电/地磁场极低频成...     

综合电磁法在矿区深部成矿机制中的应用研究——以皖南乌溪多金属矿区为例

乌溪矿区介于长江中下游多金属成矿带与华南成矿带之间,是江南造山带上的一个找矿新区.本文在这一找矿新区开展了有效的电磁方法综合勘探,试图对该区深部成矿机制进行研究.我们收集了该区的地质地球化学资料,从地质地球化学资料中分析了区域成矿背景;我们还采集了区域出露的主要岩石类型,在实验室开展物性测定,在此基础上选择了三种电磁方法开展研究区的野外测量.通过地面高精度磁测、激发极化法和可控源音频大地电磁法（CSAMT）三种地球物理方法,开展了研究区的磁化率、极化率和电阻率的分布特征研究.深入分析了地质、地球化学和地球物理三种资料与成矿的关系,相互约束,探讨成矿模型、成矿机制和成矿的可能性,推测可能的矿体赋存位置和深度范围.在地球物理研究结果基础上,结合地质和地球化学背景资料,构建了研究区的成矿动力学模型,推测了研究区成矿机制,揭示了矿区的成矿潜力.综合所得结果布设了钻孔,钻探结果揭示了研究区深部存在强烈矿化蚀变和强蚀变斑岩,初步确认为斑岩型矿床,与CSAMT剖面的解释结果基本一致,也与推测的测区内深部成矿机制相吻合.钻孔结果和地球物理结果的一致性以及对已构建的成矿动力学模型的支持,充分证明了综合电磁方法在斑岩型多金属矿床的发现和预测中的重要作用,同时斑岩型矿床的确认进一步印证了华南成矿带与俯冲作用形成的成矿带的相似性,从而推动整个华南地区的成矿地质研究.     

Magnetic diffusion and the motion of field lines

Diffusion of a magnetic field through a plasma is discussed in one-, two- and three-dimensional configurations, together with the possibility of describing such diffusion in terms of a magnetic flux velocity, which, when it exists, is in general non-unique. Physically useful definitions of such a velocity include doing so in terms of the energy flow or in such a way that it vanishes in a steady state. Straight field lines (or plane flux surfaces) diffuse as if flux is disappearing at a neutral sheet, whereas circular field lines (or cylindrical flux surfaces) do so as if flux is disappearing at an 0-type neutral line. In three dimensions it is not always possible to define a flux velocity, for example when the magnetic flux through a closed field line is changing in time. However, in at least some such cases it is possible to describe the behaviour of the magnetic field in terms of a pair of quasi-flux-velocities.     

Quasi-free-decay magnetic modes in planetary cores

A new category of hydromagnetic waves in a rotating conducting fluid within a spherical shell geometry is investigated. These quasi-free-decay magnetic modes are based on particular solutions of the induction equation where the magnetic diffusion plays the central role. These solutions, normally only decaying with time, become propagative owing to the combined action of the background magnetic field and the rotation. The amplitude and sign of their azimuthal phase drift strongly depend on morphology and magnitude of the background magnetic field. The validity domain of these quasi-free-decay (QFD)-modes is related to the Elsasser number and is written as Λ???1. It follows that these modes dissipate quickly before propagating out. This restriction falls when the above criterion is no longer fulfilled (Λ?～?1), the corresponding modes evolving towards distorted QFD-modes. A systematic study of these QFD-modes is made in the limit of small Elsasser number (Λ???1), for the different symmetries allowed. Application to the Earth's and other planetary cores is then examined for an Elsasser number up to Λ?≈?O(1), in relation to the geomagnetic secular variation and the frozen-flux approximation.