八卦庙超大型金矿地球化学特征及物源

文章论述了八卦庙矿床围岩和含金石英脉的稀土元素及硫、硅、氢、氧、碳的同位素地球化学特征,结合合金矿床与深大断裂的时空分布特点,以及与秦只铅锌矿床和双王喷流沉积金床的对比研究,论证了八卦庙金矿的主要成矿物质来源于地壳深部,甚至上地幔。     

酒西盆地青南凹陷柳沟庄-窟窿山地区下白垩统震积岩的发现及意义

在甘肃省酒西盆地青南凹陷柳沟庄-窟窿山地区下白垩统下沟组及中沟组地层序列中,首次发现发育一套地震事件沉积物,是一套含微裂缝或同生变形构造及振动液化泄水构造等震积特征的泥质白云岩、白云质泥岩及泥质粉砂岩的组合.本区震积作用及震积岩的主要识别标志为振动液化卷曲变形及其伴生构造、重荷模及伴生构造、脆性和塑性两类沉积物相间的滑塌变形作用及滑塌岩、软沉积物的液化作用及泄水构造、层内阶梯状断层及地裂缝.柳沟庄-窟窿山地区下白垩统震积岩的发现,填补了本区震积岩研究的空白,反映了本区在早白垩世存在一个强烈的构造活动时期,可以推测其影响范围可能还会波及青南凹陷的其他地区,也有望在酒西盆地类似环境的其他凹陷发现震积岩,开辟震积岩研究的新领域.区域构造背景的研究同样表明,青南凹陷青西Ⅰ号同生断裂带及509断阶带的强烈构造活动正是本区早白垩世震积作用的直接诱发因素,为本区震积岩的存在提供了科学依据.     

青藏高原第一条超深反射地震剖面的数据采集及其处理方法

中美ＩＮＤＥＰＴＨ项目第一阶段先导性试验，提供了高分辨率、高信噪比和反射信息非常丰富的近垂直反射剖面。其中主喜马拉雅滑脱界面（ＭＨＴ）和深达７０—８０ｋｍ的Ｍｏｈｏ，清晰可见；Ｍｏｈｏ以下仍有反射信息。事实证明．采用井深５０ｍ、药量５０ｋｇ和５０ｓ超长记录长度３个技术措施后，近垂直反射技术可以取得深部反射信息。在工作中井深和激发岩性是影响记录质量的两个互相依赖的重要因素。资料分析表明．井深大于２５ｍ的单孔爆炸，其记录质量较好，而井深大于２５ｍ组合的炮记录，几乎接收不到深反射信息。钻井所采用的泥浆固井和装炸药后填井等技术措施，对提高记录质量有较大帮助。在地震数据处理工作中，针对激发岩性沿线变化剧烈，我们做了地表子波一致性处理和去噪处理，极大地提高了深反射叠加剖面的质量。     

西秦岭关家沟组地层时代、物源及其构造响应

在西秦岭关家沟组贾昌沟砂板岩所夹的硅质岩层中发现晚石炭世和晚二叠世的古生物化石;在关家沟组砾岩中所采的花岗质和火山质砾石,利用氩-氩(40Ar/39Ar)法测年所获得的年龄为晚三叠世。对关家沟组物源及其古水流分析,其古水流方向230°~356°,其物源主要来自南东侧活动大陆边缘的碧口岛弧,且秦岭全面碰撞造山期为早中生代。由此,初步推测关家沟组形成时代可能与秦岭全面碰撞造山为同期——早中生代。     

动物碎屑的光性变化及其研究意义

前泥盆纪地层中缺乏镜质体使得正确评价其有机质的热成熟度极为困难。但在下古生界中含有海生有机质笔石和几丁虫等 ,由于其光性特征随成熟度的变化而发生规律性变化而被用于表征有机质成熟度。在 4 50～ 70 0nm可见光谱范围 ,由于笔石和几丁虫的光学色散特性反射率随成熟度增加 ,表现出与镜质体及沥青相似的变化趋势。这表明 ,随成熟度增加 ,笔石和几丁虫的分子结构芳香度及芳碳定向性均发生相似的变化。在低成熟阶段 ,笔石和几丁虫的光学色散谱从蓝区到红区降低 ,表明芳环聚合程度低 ,芳碳含量少。在中等成熟阶段 ,笔石和几丁虫的光学色散谱从蓝区到红区呈平稳型式。在高成熟阶段 ,笔石的光学色散谱从蓝区到红区呈上升趋势 ,表明具有高芳香度 ,芳香分子定向性增强。在Ro ,max为 2 5%左右笔石发生结构转化 ,但直到Ro ,max达 12 %也未发生石墨化作用 ,表明笔石主要发生增碳作用。笔石和几丁虫的光性参数是下古生界地层的极为有效的成熟度指标     

山西五台群变质砂岩的物源和构造环境

华北克拉通中北部五台杂岩中出露一套变质砂岩,归属于上太古界五台群,其物质来源和构造环境分析对理解本区新太古代末期的地壳演化具有重要意义.该变质砂岩主要由石英、长石和粘土质胶结物组成,岩相学特征显示为杂砂岩,利用主量、微量元素判别的结果与岩相学观察一致.岩石地球化学分析结果显示,样品的SiO2含量变化较大(64.51％～...     

江西陆相红盆岩石地层划分与对比

本文论述了江西陆相红盆地正式和非正式岩石地层划分的原则和方法；从构造界面、岩性岩相、古生物等7个方面阐述了陆相红盆地之间的岩石地层可进行对比。     

Expanding the Wilson Cycle Based on Worldwide Comparison of Continental Structures Revealed by Lithospheric Geophysical Investigations

Worldwide comparison of lithospheric investigation results achieved from projects of COCORP,BIRPS,DEKORP,LITHOPROBE,ICDP,ECORS and SINOPROBE enables us to expand the classical Wilson cycle,which mainly describes evolution of ocean plates,into a complete and detailed cycle that describes generation,development and evolution of both ocean and continent plates. The expanded Wilson cycle presented in this paper introduces the evolution sequences of continental lithospheric processes by adding into the classical Wilson cycle with ocean-continent transition,continental collision and accretion,as well as continental rifting and splitting in details. These mentioned continental lithospheric processes have been presented by the author in a series of recent review papers in detail,and their summary and further deduction is presented in this paper.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167498711100079X

Lower Paleozoic rocks exposed in various regions of Egypt (south central Sinai, north Eastern Desert and southwest Western Desert), in addition to occurring in the subsurface such as north Western Desert and the Gulf of Suez. The Lower Paleozoic rocks in Egypt include surface and subsurface rock units of formational status. The surface rock units are the Taba, Araba and Naqus formations. The subsurface rock units include the Shifa, Kohla and Basur formations. The Infracambrian Taba Formation has been discovered recently in the outcrops of the south eastern Sinai in the Taba-Ras El-Naqab area. It is missing and/or not recognized in the subsurface. The Taba Formation consists mainly of reddish brown, unfossiliferous gravelly fine-to medium-grained sandstones cemented by kaolinite and have subordinate beds of paleosols. The Cambrian Araba Formation and its subsurface equivalent (the Shifa Formation) are essentially composed of reddish brown, fine-grained laminated sandstone and siltstone with abundant Skolithos and Cruziana sp. In contrast, the Ordovician-Silurian Naqus Formation and its subsurface equivalents (Kohla Formation and Basur Formation) are mainly composed of white, unfossiliferous, cross-bedded, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones with haphazardly distributed pebbles and cobbles. Sedimentological analysis indicates that the Araba Formation and its equivalents were deposited in a marginal-marine environment, whereas the Naqus Formation and its equivalents were laid down in a fluvio-glacial environment. Integrated stratigraphic and sedimentological studies of the Lower Paleozoic rocks permit reconstruction of the paleogeography of Egypt at that time. Egypt has been largely controlled since the Cambrian by the pre-existing structural framework of the pre-Phanerozoic basement rocks inherited from the Late Proterozoic Pan-African event. Additionally, sedimentation processes were controlled during Cambro-Ordovician times by tectonic movements, whereas glacio-eustatic control predominated during the Late Ordovician-Silurian Period. These studies suggest that most areas of Egypt were exposed lands with episodically transgression by epicontinental seas related to the paleo-Tethys. These lands formed a part of a stable subsiding shelf at the northern Gondwana margin.     

大兴安岭火山喷发带北段中性、中酸性火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

通过对大兴安岭北段晚侏罗世吉祥峰组中酸性火山岩的岩石地球化学研究,发现其中存在高Sr低Y型火山岩,即文献上所称的埃达克质岩,笔者认为中酸性火山岩的岩浆起源于下地壳玄武质岩浆,为玄武质岩浆底辟上侵引起地热梯度增加、下地壳中-基性变质火成岩石部分熔融的之混合岩浆,是古太平洋板块向西伯利亚板块斜向俯冲过程中,蒙古-鄂霍次克海槽封闭,陆壳碰撞使地壳加厚,形成兴蒙造山带时所引起的一系列构造岩浆活动。其形成时的构造环境应是在滨太平洋构造域背景下受古亚洲构造域的影响和限制,并非是滨太平洋构造活动带的单一活动所致。早白垩世上库力组酸性火山岩属陆壳重熔型(S型)火山岩,其形成可能与印度-澳大利亚板块朝北偏东方向推挤运移、中国东部岩石圈拉张引起的下地壳拆沉作用有关。