2012年12月20-23日巴州寒潮降雪天气的特征分析

利用常规观测资料、自动站、T639客观分析资料,结合天气学原理和天气动力学诊断分析方法,对2012年12月20-23日巴音郭楞蒙古自治州（以下简称巴州）的寒潮天气过程的成因和降雪天气特征进行分析,并给出巴州降雪天气概念模型。结果表明：这次寒潮降雪过程是北欧阻塞高压向东南衰退,导致脊前横槽转成竖槽东南移,高空冷空气南压至40°N附近,造成巴州强降温、强降雪等寒潮天气,降雪阶段关键影响系统是700 hPa上的冷暖切变和风场辐合,水汽主要源自中低层西北方的经向和低层东南方的纬向输送;后续的冷凝降雪和阴雪阶段天气局地特征明显,水汽源自850 hPa至近地层局地的垂直输送。     

吐鲁番地区矿产资源开发对环境影响研究

西部大开发给吐鲁番地区带来了机遇同时也带来了巨大的环境挑战，生态环境的脆弱加重了环境污染。矿业是吐鲁番地区经济发展的基础和重要的支柱产业，在矿产资源开发过程中生态环境的保护与治理显得尤为紧迫和重要。通过对吐鲁番地区油气开发产生的废弃物、事故性污染、水资源的过量开发及勘探、开发过程中对地表植被影响和工业三废对环境的影响等加以论述，运用环境污染相关指标和具体数据系统对诸多影响因素进行分析，提出了开发矿产资源与环境保护的措施和政策性建议。     

灰色方法在黔南连续阴雨天气过程中的应用

利用黔南布依族苗族自治州（以下简称“黔南州”）龙里县、长顺县、都匀市3个国家气象观测站1964-2020年4月1日-9月30日逐日日降水和日照资料,按日降水＞0.1mm,日照为0h记为1个阴雨日,连续6个阴雨日以上且过程总降水≥30mm算为1次连续阴雨天气过程,分析了黔南州连续阴雨天气过程的时间、空间分布特征,同时利用灰色GM(1,1)方法预测黔南州3地连续阴雨天气的发生趋势。结果表明：在1964-2020年间,都匀出现连续阴雨天气的年际变化周期为2a,龙里和长顺为3～4a;都匀连续阴雨的日数和次数多于龙里和长顺,且过程总降水量也大于龙里和长顺;都匀连续阴雨天气预测周期约为2a/次,龙里和长顺的预测周期约3～4a/次;其研究结果对连续阴雨天气的监测、防治和农业气象服务工作具有参考意义,也为接下来研究黔南州农业气象灾害做铺垫。     

红河州地质灾害临界雨量及预报方法初探

根据红河州国土局提供的地质灾害易发性分区资料,将全州134个乡镇按地质灾害易发程度分为极易发区、易发区和轻易发区,全州约90%的地区为易发区和极易发区,仅北部的小面积地区为轻易发区;对红河州1984～2010年地质灾害资料分析发现,90%以上的地质灾害发生在5～10月,与降雨关系密切,强降雨及连阴雨均可能诱发地质灾害;对其中183条地质灾害样本进行分析,得出各分区临界雨量及地质灾害统计预报方程,将地质灾害等级预报细化到乡镇。     

Crustal Heterogeneity in the Source Region of the 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake: Inversion Analysis of Coda Envelopes

The 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture earthquake (M_JMA 6.8) and its aftershock sequences generated complicated, i.e., several conjugate fault planes in their source region. In order to understand the generating process of these earthquakes, we estimated a 3-D distribution of relative scattering coefficients in the source region. The large slip area during the main shock rupture seems to be bounded by strong heterogeneous zones with larger scattering coefficients. Hypocenters of the main shock and major large aftershocks with M 5-6 classes tend to be located close to stronger scattering areas. We found that one of these strong heterogeneities already existed before the occurrence of the M 5.9 aftershock on November 8. We suppose that heterogeneous structures in the source region of this earthquake sequence affected the initiation and growth of ruptures of the main shock and major large aftershocks.     

Zircon U–Pb ages from tuff beds of the upper Mesozoic Tetori Group in the Shokawa district,Gifu Prefecture,central Japan†

Abstract The upper Mesozoic Tetori Group contains numerous fossils of plants and marine and non‐marine animals. The group has the potential to provide key information to improve our understanding of the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous biota of East Asia. However, the depositional age of the Tetori Group remains uncertain, and without good age constraints, accurate correlation with other areas is very difficult. As a first step in obtaining reliable ages for the formations within the Tetori Group, we used laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry to measure the U–Pb ages of zircons collected from tuff beds in the Shokawa district, Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. The youngest reliable U–Pb ages from the tuff beds of the Ushimaru, Mitarai and Okurodani Formations are 130.2 ± 1.7, 129.8 ± 1.0 and 117.5 ± 0.7 Ma, respectively (errors represent 2 SE). These results indicate that the entire Tetori Group in the Shokawa district, which was previously believed to be correlated to the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous, is in fact correlated to the Lower Cretaceous. The maximum ages of the Ushimaru, Mitarai and Okurodani Formations are late Hauterivian to Barremian, late Hauterivian to Barremian and Barremian to Aptian, respectively.     

四川省凉山州铅锌矿成矿地质条件及找矿前景分析

通过对凉山铅锌矿成矿地质条件进行综合研究分析,对其矿床成因类型进行探讨、总结,对州内铅锌矿找矿方向提出思考。     

地基微波辐射仪监测的张掖大气水汽含量与雨强的关系

地基微波遥感具有反演大气水汽的能力,其具有的高时间分辨率,为分析降水过程的水汽含量变化提供了新的手段。用2005年6～7月的微波反演的水汽含量,分析了张掖降水过程的大气水汽含量变化情况。结果表明:张掖甘州降水发生的前提是大气水汽含量需达到某一阈值(夏季为27 mm),而且雨强与大气水汽含量在时间上呈同步分布,这种分布结构与中国东部季风气候区的情况存在差异,后者雨强的峰值滞后于大气水汽含量几小时。     

Paleoseismological evidence for non-characteristic behavior of surface rupture associated with the 2004 Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake, central Japan

The 2004 Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake sequence (mainshock magnitude, M_JMA 6.8), which occurred in an active fold-and-thrust belt in northern central Japan, generated a small thrust surface rupture (< 20 cm of vertical displacement) along a previously unmapped northern extension of the active Muikamachi–Bonchi–Seien fault zone, on the eastern margin of the epicentral region. To better understand past seismic behavior of the rupture, we conducted a paleoseismic trenching study across the 10-cm-high west-side-up surface rupture at the foot of a pre-existing 1.8-m-high east-facing scarp, which probably resulted from past earthquake(s). A well-defined west-dipping thrust fault zone accompanied by drag folding and displacing the upper Pliocene to lower Pleistocene strata and the unconformably overlying upper Pleistocene (?) to Holocene strata was exposed. The principal fault zone is connected directly to the 2004 surface rupture. From the deformational characteristics of the strata and radiocarbon dating, we inferred that two large paleoseismic events occurred during the past 9000 years prior to the 2004 event. These two pre-2004 events have a nearly identical fault slip (at minimum, 1.5 m), which is ≥ 15 times that of the 2004 event (∼ 10 cm). These paleoseismic data, coupled with the geological and geomorphological features, suggest that the 2004 event represented non-characteristic behavior of the fault, which can potentially generate a more destructive earthquake accompanied by meter-scale surface displacement. This study provides insight into the interpretation of past faulting events and increases our understanding of rupture behavior.     

Internet based environmental monitoring information system and its application in Yili Prefecture

1 Introduction Traditionally, data structure is mainly classified into two kinds: vector and raster. The data storage, management and updating are huge tasks in the implementation of information system. How to deal with the difficulty that common web Browser cannot display the vector data supported by GIS, and how to implement updating and dissemination of vast amount of data for the IBIS are two urgent questions to be solved (Chen et al., 2000; Li and Gong, 1998; Luo and Lu, 1999; Yua…