云南老王寨金矿床主要矿物的标型特征

老王寨金矿床产于哀牢山金-多金属成矿带北段浅变质岩系的断裂破碎带中，为一大型构造蚀变岩型中低温热液矿床，黄铁矿，石英，碳酸盐矿物，绢云母等是矿体中与金矿化密切相关的主要矿物，从产状，形态，化学成分，晶胞参数，热电性及红外光谱等方面，总结这些矿物的标型特征，可用于指导矿区深部和外围进行成矿预测和找矿工作。     

云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩中云母的矿物化学

云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩中呈斑晶和基质产出的云母以金云母为主，少量富镁黑云母，环带结构发育。矿物化学表明本区云母的寄主岩石属碱性岩系列，岩石类型为钙碱性煌斑岩；同时提供了煌斑岩源于交代富集地幔和受地壳物质混染程度低等成因信息。云母多种多样的环带结构暗示其寄主的煌斑岩具复杂的岩浆结晶演化过程。     

云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩岩石学研究

 在研究云南老王寨金矿区与金矿化时间上、空间上密切共生的煌斑岩岩相学、矿物学以及主要元素、微量元素和同位素地球化学的基础上,总结出该区煌斑岩的岩石类型主要为云煌岩,其次为云斜煌岩,两种岩石均属碱性系列、钾质-富钾质钙碱性煌斑岩为交代富集地幔部分熔融的产物。板块俯冲进人地幔楔的地壳物质脱水形成的流体可能是引起该区地幔交代作用的主要因素。     

云南哀牢山老王寨大型造山型金矿成矿流体地球化学

云南哀牢山金矿带是我国最重要的喜马拉雅期金矿带,而老王寨是其中最大的金矿。流体包裹体研究显示:老王寨金矿含金石英脉中流体包裹体类型主要为NaCl-H₂O型和CO₂-H₂O型,其均一温度为102~302℃, 峰值为160~180℃;流体盐度范围变化较大,介于2.5%~12.9% NaCleqv之间,峰值为6.0%~7.5% NaCleqv,显示老王寨成矿流体具有中低盐度和中低温度的特征。 氢氧同位素测定显示成矿流体δD_H2O=-115‰~-90‰,δ¹⁸O_H2O=5.2‰~6.8‰,显示其组成主要为岩浆水,可能与有机沉积物发生过同位素交换。流体包裹体碳同位素组成(δ¹³C为-6.5‰~-3.9‰)基本落在幔源碳变化范围之内,说明其中CO₂可能来自地壳深部,甚至上地幔。综合成矿地质特征和成矿流体的证据,提出老王寨金矿为喜马拉雅期造山型金矿。     

The Genesis Mechanism of the Mantle Fluid Action and Evolution in the Ore‐Forming Process: A Case Study of the Laowangzhai Gold Deposit in Yunnan,China

Based on petrological studies of the wall rocks, mineralizing rocks, ores and veins from the Laowangzhai gold deposit, it is discovered that along with the development of silication, carbonation and sulfidation, a kind of black opaque ultra-microlite material runs through the spaces between grains, fissures and cleavages. Under observations of the electron microprobe, scanning electronic microscopy and energy spectrum, this kind of ultra-microlite material is confirmed to consist of ultra microcrystalline quartz, silicate, sulfides and carbonates, as well as rutile, scheelite and specularite (magnetite), showing characters of liquation by the analyses of SEM and energy spectrum. The coexistence of immiscibility and precipitating co-crystallization strongly suggests that the mineralizing fluid changed from the melt to the hydrothermal fluid. Combined with the element geochemical researches, it is realized that the ultra-microlite aggregate is the direct relics of the mantle fluid behaving like a melt and supercritical fluid, which goes along with the mantle-derived magma and will escape from the magma body at a proper time. During the alteration process, the nature of the mantle fluid changed and it is mixed with the crustal fluid, which are favorable for mineralization in the Loawangzhai gold deposit.