1∶10000图库一体化数据的质量控制

根据1∶10 000图库一体化数据成果,对图库一体化数据生产过程中各个环节的质量控制进行探讨,提出了一体化数据的质量控制方法。     

基于激光测高数据的丹江口水库水位变化监测

针对多源星载激光测高数据监测湖泊水位变化问题,该文选取2003—2009年ICESat/GLAH14全球地表高程数据、2018年10月—2019年8月的ICESat-2/ATL13全球内陆水体高程数据,提取丹江口水库多期水位变化数据,最后利用水位站实测水位对其准确度进行了验证,并分析了丹江口水库年度水位变化规律。结果表明,丹江口水库水位呈现明显的季节性变化,每年11月达到较高水位,3月降至较低水位;由ICESat/GLAH14数据估算水库水位的精度为16 cm,ICESat-2/ATL13数据集估算水库水位的精度达到10 cm。因此,ICESat-2/ATL13数据用于内陆水体水位变化监测具有很高的可行性。     

基于OSTU算法利用新型水体指数进行Landsat数据自适应阈值水体自动提取研究

利用Landsat数据,结合NDWI与MNDWI提取水体信息的特点提出了一种新的水体指数NMWI,并结合OSTU算法自适应地确定最佳分割阈值,完成了对海洋、河流、湖泊和水库4种主要的典型水体信息的自动提取,均取得了较好的效果。     

浅谈数字地形图的制作流程及其质量检查系统

介绍了地形图数字化过程中的几项关键技术及地形图数据质量的重要性,详细描述了数字地形图质量检查的内容及目前采用的质量检查方法,并指出了现有检查方法的缺点,并结合生产实际研究了一种人机交互式的检查系统。     

水下地形与淤泥厚度测量

目前,我国湖泊污染问题十分严重,主要是水质污染和淤泥污染,且湖泊测绘资料比较缺少。本文就某湖泊的整治作一阐述,较详细说明水下地形与淤泥厚度测量原理及方法。同时说明湖泊整治的重要性和迫切性。     

应用单历元模糊度算法解决实时GPS水汽探测技术中模糊度问题

首先简要介绍实时水汽探测技术的原理,然后采用详细的推算过程将求水汽量转化为求宽巷模糊度的问题,并利用双频P码求出宽巷模糊度。运用实例模拟分析双频P码求宽巷模糊度的精度,解释宽巷模糊度的精度随卫星高度角变化的原因。     

Analytical methods Of assessing the image quality associated with digital and photographic imaging systems

The introduction of digital cameras for aerial survey photography and use of scanners with processed aerial film present a number of technical questions concerning the way photography is to be acquired in the future. Among the questions to be addressed are the comparative metric properties of images acquired by each system and the associated image quality characteristics. The new digital camera systems will require very careful appraisal, using well-established methods of assessing metric quality already available to survey organisations. The questions concerning image quality are more difficult to answer, as they require very specialised instrumentation if measurements are to be made directly in practice. Over the course of the past several decades a more analytical approach to assessing image quality has emerged, and one that may be used by individuals. The method is particularly effective where information on the micro-image characteristics of products is made available by the manufacturers concerned. An outline is given of some considerations that need to be taken into account when using an analytical approach, with references given for further reading.     

航空摄影最佳曝光量的选择

分解力是评定影象质量的重要指标。本文介绍利用改进后的国产9 w测微密度仪,测定航空软片静态分解力与曝光量的关系。以最大分解力所相应的曝光量作为确定航摄软片感光度的基准,以此为基础,确定航摄底片的最大密度( D _max )、最小密度( D _min )、影象反差(△ D )和平均密度( D _R )本文对国产1022T、1022P、柯达2402、2412等航摄软片进行了研究,其试验结果可作为今后修改航摄规范的基础。     

Atmospheric pollution assessment near potential source of natural aerosols in the South Gobi Desert region,China

ABSTRACT

Rapid economic growth, a high degree of urbanization and the proximity of a large number of desert and semidesert landscapes can have a significant impact on the atmosphere of adjacent territories, leading to high levels of atmospheric pollution. Therefore, identifying possible sources of atmospheric pollution is one of the main tasks. In this study, we carried out an analysis of spatial and temporal characteristics of five main atmospheric pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, and CO) near potential source of natural aerosols, affecting seven cities (Wuhai, Alashan, Wuzhong, Zhongwei, Wuwei, Jinchang, Zhangye), located in immediate proximity to the South Gobi deserts. The results, obtained for the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018, demonstrate total concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are 38.2 ± 19.5 and 101 ± 80.7 μg/m³ exceeding the same established by the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standard (CNAAQS), being 35 and 70 μg/m³, respectively. Based on the data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for the whole period, Clean Сontinental (71.49%) and Mixed (22.29%) types of aerosols prevail in the region. In the spring and winter seasons maximum concentrations of pollutants and high values of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) in the region atmosphere are observed. PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ ratio shows the presence of coarse aerosols in the total content with value 0.43. The highest concentrations of pollutants were in the period of dust storms activity, when PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ content exceeded 200 and 1000 µg/m³, and AOD value exceeded 1. UV Aerosol Index (UVAI), Aerosol Absorbing Optical Depth (AAOD), and Single Scattering Albedo (SSA), obtained from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), demonstrate the high content of dust aerosols in the period of sandstorms. Analysis of backward trajectories shows that dust air masses moved from North to Northwest China, affecting large deserts such as Taklamakan, Gurbantunggut, Badain Jaran, Tengger, and Ulan Buh deserts.     

安徽省含山县土地整理耕地质量评价及其变化研究

土地整理是改善土地利用条件,提高土地质量的有效措施,对土地整理后的耕地质量进行评价是土地整理重要工作之一。从耕地质量的内涵和土地整理项目的基本要求出发,选取耕地自然条件和耕地利用条件2个基本因素和12个影响因子,将特尔斐法与层次分析法相结合,确定各因子权重,构建基于土地整理的耕地质量评价指标体系。以安徽省含山县铜闸镇土地整理项目为例,采用传统的土壤调查与3S技术相结合的方法,分析土地整理复垦过程中耕地质量时空格局变化,得出整理前、后耕地质量的级别变化。研究结果表明,通过土地整理,研究区的耕地质量空间分布和级别发生了很大变化,整理后一级、二级、三级质量的土地比整理前分别增加了7.20%,11.95%和0.65%,四级、五级则分别减少了15.65%和4.16%,整理后的耕地质量总体水平是整理前的1.291倍。