工程地震勘探综述

本文对工程地震勘探作为一门年轻的、独立的学科，其诞生和发展的历史进行了评述。文中对工程地震勘探涉及的研究内容。与地震勘探的关系，所取得的成果进行了论述。对应用超声地震模型技术模拟解决工程地震勘探实际问题发表了见解，并对工程地震勘探未来的发展进行了展望。     

乡村聚落地理研究的国外动态与国内趋势

本文根据国内外乡村聚落地理研究的内容变化和理论进展，初步划分了乡村聚落地理研究的主要发展阶段。在此基础上，结合国外乡村聚落地理研究的动态及我国乡村地区发展的现实，对我国乡村聚落地理研究进行了回顾与评价，并提出若干重点研究内容与趋势。     

反演地壳磁化强度等效源法的模型验证及实际资料试算

等效源法曾被广泛应用于卫星磁异常解释,而本文是将等效源法引用到航空△T磁场的解释中,用其研究区域地质构造。根据等效源法的理论,推导出球坐标系下球棱柱体的△T磁场公式,采用线性反演的方法进行模型验证,同时将该方法用于秦巴地区航空△T磁异常的试算,得到了一些有意义的结论。利用该方法可由所求得的磁场强度来得到居里深度分布。     

我国首例接触极化曲线野外实测结果

使用自行研制的野外测试设备,在云南省武定县迤纳厂铜铁矿床上进行了接触极化曲线法试验性的测试。初步证实,接触极化曲线法确有反映导电矿体成分和储量的能力,它的应用范围也不是非常局狭的。     

激光SLAM精度测试场设计与实现

同时定位与地图构建（SLAM）系统在机器人、自动驾驶和移动测量等领域有广泛的应用，但目前系统精度的测试方法尚不完善。针对SLAM系统精度测试的实际需求，本文提出了一种SLAM高精度测试场的建立方法。首先建立三维控制网，然后利用三维激光扫描技术对环境信息进行采集，最终构建出用于测试SLAM系统精度的高精度三维点云特征库。试验结果表明，建立的三维点云特征库包含丰富的特征信息，具有真实地理坐标，精度达到毫米级，可以较好地满足SLAM精度测试的需求。     

无人机航测技术在风电场测图中的应用

本文提出了一种利用无人机航空摄影测量技术完成风电场测图的方法,利用该方法可以实现测区1∶2000地形图数据的生产。首先根据航摄区域和航线规划布设控制点、像控点、检查点,利用飞马F300无人机进行航摄作业获取航测数据,然后对数据进行预处理,按照标准格式导入Context Capture软件建立三维倾斜模型,通过EPS2016立体量测软件基于三维倾斜模型完成地形图数据的采集,对于模型变形的区域,利用MapMatrix软件进行数据采集与校核。利用安徽宿州风电场测图项目验证了该方法满足1∶2000大比例尺地形图精度要求。     

矿床四维时空定量评价的新认识——以西藏玉龙斑岩铜矿床为例

大型、超大型斑岩铜矿的定量研究正在受到广泛关注,集中体现在现代矿产资源勘探模式趋向于从经验找矿、理论找矿和信息找矿3大传统找矿方法向集成信息技术方向发展。本项研究以青藏高原典型的玉龙斑岩铜矿床为例进行分析,提出了矿床定量评价的4个方面的新认识:(1)区域矿床发生、发展的年代与消亡速率的确定是研究矿床规模与保存环境的重要参数;(2)研究区的古地理、古气候特征有利于斑岩体的剥蚀起始时间的估算,研究区不同时代地层剖面的对比分析以及成矿古地理环境的模拟有利于正确评价斑岩矿床的形成与保存现状;(3)地层、岩体、构造和DEM数据的三维空间定量研究是正确评价"多位一体"成矿模式的重要因素;(4)3S技术发展了三维可视化技术、数据融合和模拟技术,能够最大限度地利用各种多元数据(地质、地球物理、地球化学和遥感等)资料,有助于提高发现大型矿床或潜在矿床的成功率。     

改革成教课程体系,培养技能型实用人才——以数控技术教育为例浅谈成教课程体系的改革

数控技术的广泛应用使制造业发生了根本性的变革。我国要成为“世界工厂” ,需要培养数十万数控技术应用领域的操作人员、编程人员和维修人员。目前 ,在经济发达的珠三角地区的各类企业中 ,已普遍使用数控设备进行生产 ,而数控方面的技术人才却极其缺乏。因此 ,为社会培养大批能熟练掌握数控技术的技能型人才 ,已成为广东省有关高校所面临的紧迫任务。以数控技术教育为切入点 ,结合我校成人教育机电专科数控专业的教学改革 ,提出了培养技能型实用人才的课程体系和人才培养模式。     

Deep Natural Gas Resources

From a geological perspective, deep natural gas resources generally are defined as occurring in reservoirs below 15,000 feet, whereas ultradeep gas occurs below 25,000 feet. From an operational point of view, deep may be thought of in a relative sense based on the geologic and engineering knowledge of gas (and oil) resources in a particular area. Deep gas occurs in either conventionally trapped or unconventional (continuous-type) basin-center accumulations that are essentially large single fields having spatial dimensions often exceeding those of conventional fields.Exploration for deep conventional and continuous-type basin-center natural gas resources deserves special attention because these resources are widespread and occur in diverse geologic environments. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated that 939 TCF of technically recoverable natural gas remained to be discovered or was part of reserve appreciation from known fields in the onshore areas and state waters of the United States. Of this USGS resource, nearly 114 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of technically recoverable gas remains to be discovered from deep sedimentary basins. Worldwide estimates of deep gas also are high. The U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment 2000 Project recently estimated a world undiscovered conventional gas resource outside the U.S. of 844 Tcf below 4.5 km (about 15,000 feet).Less is known about the origins of deep gas than about the origins of gas at shallower depths because fewer wells have been drilled into the deeper portions of many basins. Some of the many factors contributing to the origin and accumulation of deep gas include the initial concentration of organic matter, the thermal stability of methane, the role of minerals, water, and nonhydrocarbon gases in natural gas generation, porosity loss with increasing depth and thermal maturity, the kinetics of deep gas generation, thermal cracking of oil to gas, and source rock potential based on thermal maturity and kerogen type. Recent experimental simulations using laboratory pyrolysis methods have provided much information on the origins of deep gas.Technologic problems are among the greatest challenges to deep drilling. Problems associated with overcoming hostile drilling environments (e.g. high temperatures and pressures, and acid gases such as CO₂ and H₂S) for successful well completion, present the greatest obstacles to drilling, evaluating, and developing deep gas fields. Even though the overall success ratio for deep wells (producing below 15,000 feet) is about 25%, a lack of geological and geophysical information continues to be a major barrier to deep gas exploration.Results of recent finding-cost studies by depth interval for the onshore U.S. indicate that, on average, deep wells cost nearly 10 times more to drill than shallow wells, but well costs and gas recoveries differ widely among different gas plays in different basins.Based on an analysis of natural gas assessments, deep gas holds significant promise for future exploration and development. Both basin-center and conventional gas plays could contain significant deep undiscovered technically recoverable gas resources.     

油田盐膏层钻井技术

分析了巨厚盐膏层在复杂的压力系统及高温高压下发生塑性蠕动、井径缩小，易发生埋钻、卡钻、下套管困难等严重复杂情况；探讨了盐膏层钻井有关承压堵漏、钻盐膏层的钻井液、钻盐膏层随钻扩孔、盐膏层井径稳态蠕变率测定工艺等问题。