多条人工地震测深剖面资料联合反演首都圈三维地壳结构

为了对多条二维剖面资料进行统一分析和解释,本文考虑了各剖面交点处的约束条件,通过建立统一的偏导矩阵,将各剖面资料联立求解.利用该方法对中国地震局地球物理勘探中心在首都圈内6条人工地震宽角反射/折射剖面资料进行了重新处理和解释,得到该地区的地壳三维速度结构和构造特征.在此基础上,结合其他地球物理研究成果,确定了壳内存在的4处低速层（体）的空间范围及断裂的走向.     

单元刚度矩阵的几何量分析

本文利用向量和矩阵的运算推导了单元刚度矩阵的几何量表示,分析了受三角形单元和矩形单元几何形状影响的单元刚度矩阵的性质,并将有限元网格与总体刚度矩阵相联系,直接说明了合理剖分区域Ω的基本原则。     

Application of the Fourier method to the numerical solution of moving boundary problem in heat conduction

An algorithm for the solution of a nonlinear problem of phase boundary movement and evolution of temperature distribution due to the perturbation in the basal heat flux has been discussed. The reduction of the problem to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the help of a Fourier series method leads to a stiff system. This stiffness is taken care of by the use of a modified Euler’s method. Various cases of basal heat flow variation have been considered to show the performance and stability of the technique for such a nonlinear system. The first case of step-wise function is taken to analyse the performance of the technique, and the study has been extended to other general cases of linear increase, periodic variation, and box and triangular function type variations in the heat flux. In the step-wise case the phase boundary attains a constant position rapidly if the supplied heat flux is sufficiently large. The effect of periodicity in the heat flow is clearly depicted in the phase boundary movement, where the phase boundary oscillates about the mean position at large times. The absence of any constant level in the case of linear increase in heat flux is due to a very large value of heat flux. In the cases of box car and triangular heat flux the boundary starts moving downward after the cessation of excess heat flux but does not immediately return to its original preperturbation state, instead approaches it at large times. This technique may be applied to more general cases of heat flow variation.     

新丰江水库三维速度结构和震源参数的联合反演

本文对ACH方法做简化处理,先以一个地震为单元形成子矩阵,并将慢度扰动用一平均量来代替;在修正参数时,震源部分按常规进行,对慢度部分则利用代数重建技术将其分配到各个块体上.数值模拟结果表明,该方法能很好地反演震源位置和速度结构.运用新丰江遥测台网的数据进行研究,表明地震强活动区位于大坝附近,特别是在人字石断裂和高寨断裂的交汇处,震源集中沿罗坑-双下、葫芦凹-燕岩和黄竹蒿3条地震带,呈密集的高倾角分布,地震活动主要与北北西向构造和东西向构造有关,而与地表甚为发育的北东东向构造关系不大.速度图像中的低速区对应地表的破碎区,即地震带区域,也是该区重磁异常急剧变化的区域;而高速区内地震较少.上述特征同水的渗透作用有密切关系.     

低高度角地基GPS联合反演大气折射率廓线

为充分利用电磁波在大气中传播所携带的信息反演大气折射率廓线,提高低高度角地基GPS反演折射率廓线的精度,本文通过多目标优化反演算法NSGA-II,基本实现了GPS电磁波传播损耗和相位延迟观测量的最优联合反演。数值试验表明,联合反演效果明显优于传统的GA(Genetic Algorithm)单目标反演算法,加噪试验进一步证明了最优联合反演算法在反演折射率廓线方面的可行性及优越性。     

Laboratory determination of mechanical and hydraulic properties of chemically grouted sands

The purpose of this paper is to investigate mechanical and hydraulic properties of sands treated with mineral-based grouts through the results of a laboratory test programme consisting of unconfined compression tests (UCS), triaxial bender element tests (BeT) and constant flow permeability tests in triaxial apparatus. An improved apparatus was set up for obtaining high quality, multiple grouted specimens from a single column. Two selected natural sands having different grain sizes were grouted with two mineral-based silica grouts, resulting in different levels of improvement. The behaviour of the sands treated by mineral grouts, in terms of strength, initial stiffness and permeability, was compared with that exhibited by more traditional silicate grouts. The results of this study indicate that sands treated with mineral grouts result in higher strengths, higher initial shear modulus and lower permeability values than the sands treated with the silicate solution. The effect of grout type, effective confining pressure, and sand particle-size on small-strain shear modulus of grouted sand specimens was evaluated. Based on test results, the small strain shear modulus increment from treated to untreated specimens has been correlated with the unconfined compressive strength, obtaining a unique relationship regardless of grout type and grain-size of tested sands.     

A theoretical study of the factors which influence the measurement of fishing netting mesh size

A theoretical investigation is carried out of the mesh size measurement of an idealized fishing netting mesh. It is assumed that the bending moment of the netting twine is proportional to curvature and that there is no twine extension and no cross-sectional deformation of the twine. The corresponding momentum and force balance equations are analyzed. The measurement method our analysis most approximates is that of the ICES gauge. The effect on mesh measurement of twine bending stiffness, frictional resistance, boundary slope, gauge force and gauge thickness are all examined.     

节理统计锥体单元法的探讨

本文提出在投影球内建立锥体单元统计系统,直接计算以产状表示的单元轴线与节理法线的夹角,统计该夹角小于单元锥角半角的数目。统计结果更合理、可靠。     

考虑桩土作用独桩海洋平台横向振动特性研究

采用动Winkler弹性地基梁模型模拟桩土问动力相互作用，并考虑了流体与桩问相互作用，通过组合成层土中、水中桩单元的刚度阵，推得了独桩海洋平台连续系统横向振动的动刚度阵及在波浪力作用下平台甲板处的频率响应函数，进而求得了在确定性波浪力及随机波浪力作用下桩身任意点的位移响应。最后，通过算例研究和分析了在随机波浪力作用下成层土参数、甲板上重量及冲刷淘深等因素对平台振动响应的影响。