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The interpretation of geodetic data in volcanic areas is usually based on analytical deformation models. Although numerical finite element (FE) modelling allows realistic features such as topography and crustal heterogeneities to be included, the technique is not computationally convenient for solving inverse problems using classical methods. In this paper, we develop a general tool to perform inversions of geodetic data by means of 3-D FE models. The forward model is a library of numerical displacement solutions, where each entry of the library is the surface displacement due to a single stress component applied to an element of the grid. The final solution is a weighted combination of the six stress components applied to a single element-source. The pre-computed forward models are implemented in a global search algorithm, followed by an appraisal of the sampled solutions. After providing extended testing, we apply the method to model the 1993–1997 inflation phase at Mt Etna, documented by GPS and EDM measurements. We consider four different forward libraries, computed in models characterized by homogeneous/heterogeneous medium and flat/topographic free surface. Our results suggest that the elastic heterogeneities of the medium can significantly alter the position of the inferred source, while the topography has minor effect. 相似文献
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利用丹东多普勒雷达的基本反射率、基本径向速度和风廓线资料,对2010年8月19日和20日丹东地区大暴雨天气过程进行分析,探讨丹东短时强降水天气形势和多普勒雷达回波特征。结果表明:在丹东处于副热带高压内部或边缘时,南下的冷空气与副热带高压后部暖湿空气势力相当时,形成丹东地区较典型的暴雨模式。风廓线产品在强降水前期,会产生一个水汽累积的过程,两次过程中出现短时强降雨时段均表现为高空急流出现和高空动量下传。这种高空动量的下传使低空急流得到加强,低层进一步辐合,使雨强明显增大。两次过程中降水回波区均形成一条40 dBz以上的回波带,回波移动方向与回波带轴向一致,导致沿途站降水时间偏长,降水总量偏多。逆风区出现时间与强降雨时段有较好的配合,其位置与强回波区的对应关系揭示出逆风区厚度越大、对应的反射率因子强度越强,产生的降水强度也越大。 相似文献
797.
Stability of the marine vessels in different conditions is one of the most important problems in the design of a planing vessel. In this research, the effects of some important design parameters (mass, longitudinal center of mass, deadrise angle, and length) of DTMB 62 model 4667-1 planing hull on the drag and also on the longitudinal dynamic stability (porpoising) are investigated in the velocity range of 2.12–8.486 m/s in calm water. In this paper, both numerical simulation of Reynolds Average Naiver Stokes (RANS) equations and semi-empirical formulas of Savitsky are used to analyze the motion of a 4667 planing vessel in calm water with two degrees of freedom (2DOF). For this purpose a finite volume, ANSYS-FLUENT, code is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for the simulation of the flow field around the vessel. In addition, an explicit VOF scheme and SST- Kω model is used with dynamic mesh scheme to capture the interface of a two-phase flow and to model the turbulence respectively, in 2DOF model (heave and pitch). Also, the results of both methods are compared with each other. According to the present results, changing the aspect ratio of the vessel and also the longitudinal center of gravity have the most effect on the porpoising region. 相似文献
798.
浮基多体系统在波浪中展开过程的顺序与快慢对系统的运动响应和连接处的力矩有较大影响。介绍了建立在齐次矩阵方法基础上的浮基多体系统时域运动求解,并对一具体浮基系统进行了建模和数值模拟,分析了上部机构以一定规律快速展开和慢速展开时系统的运动响应。结果表明,把齐次矩阵方法引入浮基多体系统的求解领域,其符号推导方便,运动学和动力学方程表达式变得相当简洁,而且编制程序也相对简便快捷。在相同波浪周期的情况下,多体系统的最大横摇角响应与波高正相关;在相同波高情况下,长周期的最大横摇响应要比短周期小;相对于波周期,波高对系统横摇响应的影响要大的多。 相似文献
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Spatial probabilistic modeling of slope failure using an integrated GIS Monte Carlo simulation approach 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Spatial probabilistic modeling of slope failure using a combined Geographic Information System (GIS), infinite-slope stability model and Monte Carlo simulation approach is proposed and applied in the landslide-prone area of Sasebo city, southern Japan. A digital elevation model (DEM) for the study area has been created at a scale of 1/2500. Calculated results of slope angle and slope aspect derived from the DEM are discussed. Through the spatial interpolation of the identified stream network, the thickness distribution of the colluvium above Tertiary strata is determined with precision. Finally, by integrating an infinite-slope stability model and Monte Carlo simulation with GIS, and applying spatial processing, a slope failure probability distribution map is obtained for the case of both low and high water levels. 相似文献