基于SWOT模型的湿地旅游资源整合战略选择

在对武汉城市圈湿地旅游资源类型梳理的基础上,对圈域湿地旅游资源进行SWOT矩阵分析。据此提出4种组合策略支持的4种典型的湿地旅游资源整合模式,分别是SO优化策略(环城水系整合模式)、WO转型策略(生态农场型整合模式)、ST多元化策略(景区依托型整合模式)、WT防御策略(生境保育型整合模式),为湿地旅游资源整合及合理开发提供思路,为政府部门提供决策借鉴。     

Is indigenous health knowledge converging to herbalism?: Healing practices among the Meru and the Maasai of the Ngarenyanyuki ward,Northern Tanzania

Globalization and cultural interaction, new lifestyles, the diffusion of “modern medicine”, the transformation of traditional religious practices and beliefs, have profoundly challenged and modified indigenous health systems. This paper questions whether due to these changes traditional healing systems are to some extent converging into “herbalism” and losing ties with their original cultural systems.By analyzing the healing practices of two communities (Maasai and Meru) in the rural ward of Ngarenyanyuki (Northern Tanzania), the paper explores how traditional and modern health knowledge circulates, changes, and evolves.Evidence from the case study shows that herbal remedies play an increasingly key role in traditional healing practices. Nevertheless, Maasai and Meru health knowledge emerges as a rich and challenging mix of evolving practices. The paper discusses these ongoing processes and inputs into the debate on health provision in African countries by underlining the need for a policy transition to more holistic healing systems which may provide highly desirable options in the current context of health reforms.     

建立面向区域农业可持续发展的空间决策支持系统的方法探讨

在解决诸如工业选址的空间问题时，空间决策支持系统避免了流行的商用ＧＩＳ软件在空间信息的分析评价，时空分布，预测和模拟以及决策等模型分析功能的不足，该文提出了建立ＳＤＳＳ的两种基本途径；一是利用现有ＧＩＳ与分析决策模型进行集成联结生成ＳＤＳＳ；另一种途径是自行开发具有空间数据管理和分析决策模型的一体化ＳＤＳＳ。     

Automatic extraction of building roofs using LIDAR data and multispectral imagery

Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates.     

Baja California peninsula oases: An agro-biodiversity of isolation and integration

Agro-biodiversity in the desert oases of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico is a product of isolation and integration events through time and across peninsular spaces. Historic inventories of agricultural introductions provide a baseline from which to measure Mission-era crop persistence or genetic erosion in fifteen missions established during the Jesuit occupation (1697–1768). These mission-oases function as a network of interconnected sites supporting cultivated plant assemblages isolated from one another and the Mexican mainland by a desert matrix, by limited transportation infrastructure on the peninsula, and the surrounding sea. Garden surveys of perennial crop species and farmer interviews reveal that oases serve as refugia of Mission-era crop species and traditional knowledge. Isolation-connectivity analyses indicate that this agro-biodiversity disappears at the extremes: The most isolated and the fully integrated oases are unable to support heritage perennial crop species and traditional farming systems over long time scales. We describe how phases and processes of isolation and connectivity transform agro-biodiversity composition in this archipelago of peninsula oases and explore policy applications that could preserve this critical diversity and the rare and available oasis communities.     

Integration degree of risk in terms of scene and application

Risk is a scene in the future associated with some adverse incident. Scene means something seen by a viewer, or felt by individuals or various societal groups. Any risk assessment is to model some aspects of the scene for risk. Different aspects for assessment leads to different scene. In this paper, we suggest the integration degree of risk to distinguish characters of risks with respect to the aspects. The total number of factors of a risk system determines the macro degree and the granulation scale for measuring a risk reflects the micro degree. A simple framework depends on the degrees provides an explanation of the integrated risk. The most common model for risk assessment is available for the two-freedom-degree serial risk. A case studying flood risk shows the application to explain what the risk is, where the information is incomplete and we use the information diffusion technique to estimate the risk. Project 40771007 supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

一体化地图制图信息系统的建立及其应用

由于新技术的发展和应用,地图制图信息系统提出了新的概念,地图生产和应用观念都发生了根本变化,地图学家在新时期下面临着新的机遇和挑战。为了促进我国地图学的发展,中科院地理所引进了美国INTERGRAPH系统,同时又开发了自己的电子地图创作系统EA-World,并研制了两系统之间的接口,使两系统结合成为一体化的地图制图信息系统。系统先后完成了多个国家级图集的印刷版和电子版的制作,取得了良好的效果。文中系统地介绍和总结了这一系统的构成、功能和特点及其工艺流程。     

地质资料管理在工程项目管理中实践意义及大数据集成化探讨

地质勘探中的地质资料管理对于整个地质工程项目管理具有重要的实践意义.地质资料管理工作对整个项目流程以及地质资料后期使用起着承前启后作用.通过对地质资料管理在项目全流程中意义和具体方法的梳理,探讨地质资料管理的安全性及地质资料大数据集成化的重要性.通过制度建设有效促进地质项目管理具体化,增强地质资料在地质勘探实践使用中的...     

双碳背景下地下工程永临结构一体化技术实践

永临结构一体化就是在设计施工过程中,将临时降止水结构和临时支护结构同永久结构结合起来一体化设计和一体化施工,以最大程度地发挥临时结构的作用,或者最大程度地减少临时结构的浪费。作者首次提出了地下工程永临结构一体化的建造理念,并结合作者近年来所做的科研工作,系统梳理了国内在永临结构一体化方面所做的科学尝试和技术实践,提出在双碳背景下应该大力倡导地下工程永临结构一体化,以减少材料浪费,降低对周边环境的影响,加快施工速度。