层次分析法（AHP法）在金矿勘查中的应用—新疆金窝子金矿床为例

应用层次分析法（Analystical Hierarchy Process,简称AHP法）确定金窝子金矿床合理的工业品位指标。将影响工业品位的因素及各因素间的隶属关系构成系统的多层次分析结构模型，进行层次排序，制订工业品位指标的总目标，通过分析和计算，确定工业品位指标的最佳方案，取得了较满意的结果。     

论工业企业防震减灾

本文论述了我国工业企业防震减灾现状，提出工业企业防震减灾的目标和指导原则，以及部分工业企业的防震减灾措施和对策。     

高温地热流体来源氟在环境中的分布特征——以西藏羊八井热田为例

西藏羊八井地热电厂产生的高氟废水直接排入了流经羊八井热田的藏布曲（河）。利用离子色谱仪（IC）测定了藏布曲水样的氟浓度;通过浸提实验提取了藏布曲河床沉积物中的总氟和各种存在形态的氟,并确定了其含量。藏布曲河水的氟浓度明显受到地热废水排放的影响,河床沉积物中水溶态氟和可交换态氟的分布也与地热电厂排污口的位置有明显的对应关系。然而,河床沉积物中的铁锰结合态氟、有机束缚态氟、残余态氟和总氟的分布与地热废水排放无显著联系,表明地热废水来源氟在进入藏布曲后主要向河床沉积物中的水溶态氟和可交换态氟转化。藏布曲河床沉积物是地热废水来源氟的一个汇。     

辽宁省海洋服务新业态培育与法律保障研究

海洋服务业已成为海洋经济发展的重要引擎,"十三五"时期是辽宁省海洋经济加快转型升级的关键期,要求培育新动能、发展新模式。因此,培育海洋服务新业态对辽宁省海洋经济发展具有重要意义。文章针对辽宁海洋服务业发展滞后,规模偏小、区域发展不平衡,同质化严重、科技含量低,层次相对低下、与其他产业融合不足,资源整合较差等问题,提出培育海洋服务新业态重要路径为:积极发展四大产业,提高经济规模总量;优化产业区域布局,形成错位发展;提高科技含量,提升海洋服务业层次;促进海洋服务业与其他行业融合协调,提升资源整合度。法律保障措施为:完善法规体系、严格项目审批、提高执法水平、健全应急管理。     

Effects of vegetation and sewage load on mangrove crab condition using experimental mesocosms

Constructed wetlands, especially mangroves, have been studied for their usefulness in sewage treatment but the effects of mangrove vegetation and a sewage load on mangrove macrofauna have been given little attention. Ocypodid crabs are important components of mangrove forests and constitute good bioindicators of the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. In constructed mangrove mesocosms, three vegetation treatments (bare substratum, and Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata seedlings) were subjected to 0, 20, 60 and 100% sewage loads from a nearby hotel. The physiological condition of introduced Uca annulipes and Uca inversa was evaluated in terms of their RNA/DNA ratio after one, five and twelve months, and used as an indicator of ecological function in the system. Crab condition in 0% sewage load was similar to that of wild crabs throughout, suggesting no significant effects of the mesocosms on their RNA/DNA ratio. Overall, both species coped well with the administered sewage loads, suggesting good ecological function in the system. Both species manifested similar patterns in RNA/DNA ratio, being more affected by seasonal fluctuations than by sewage load and vegetation presence and type. Higher RNA/DNA ratios were recorded in the long compared to the short rainy season. Sewage enhanced crab condition in the bare substratum and R. mucronata treatments, especially after one year, probably as a result of enhanced food availability. Uca inversa may be more sensitive to sewage pollution than U. annulipes. In A. marina, no difference in crab condition was observed between sewage loads, and this mangrove yielded the best reduction in sewage impacts. Our results support the usefulness of constructed mangrove areas in sewage treatment, especially if planted with A. marina and inhabited by physiologically healthy ocypodid crabs to enhance the system's performance.     

基于面板数据的海洋环境污染对海洋经济发展影响的实证研究

文章基于我国沿海11个省(自治区、直辖市)海洋环境和海洋经济的面板数据,将海洋产业结构和海洋产业劳动力要素投入作为控制变量,构建双对数面板数据模型,就海洋环境污染对海洋经济发展的影响进行实证分析。结果表明:海洋环境污染与海洋经济发展存在负相关关系,海洋产业结构与海洋经济发展存在正相关关系,海洋产业劳动力要素投入与海洋经济发展存在负相关关系。基于此,为促进海洋经济的可持续发展,提出加强海洋环境保护和治理、优化升级海洋产业结构以及培养和引进海洋专业人才的建议。     

去除废水中重金属的低成本吸附剂:生物质和地质材料的环境利用

经济、有效、易获得的生物质和地质材料 (及二者的废弃物 )可用来取代传统的活性炭或离子交换树脂用于去除废水中的重金属。已经公开发表的低成本吸附剂主要可分为两类 :(1)生物质 (包括林业和农业的废弃物 ) :树皮 /富含丹宁酸的物质 ,木质素 ,几丁质 /甲壳质 ,死的生物体 ,苔藓 ,海草 /海藻 /褐藻酸 ,废弃的茶叶 ,稻壳 ,羊毛 ,棉花等 ;(2 )地质材料 (包括矿物利用后的工业废弃物 ) :沸石 ,粘土 ,泥炭 ,有铁氧化物包壳的砂 ,粉煤灰等。其中 ,对于重金属具有强吸附能力的吸附剂有甲壳质、沸石和木质素 ,例如 ,它们对一些重金属的最大吸附能力分别为 :甲壳质对Cd ,Hg ,Pb分别为 5 5 8,112 3 ,796mg/g ,沸石对Pb为 15 5 4mg/g ,木质素对Pb为 15 87mg/g。地质材料的环境利用值得引起地学界和环境工程界更广泛的重视。基于地质材料和水岩相互作用机理的环境污染控制技术有望成为 2 1世纪重要的环保替代技术。由于缺少连续的可比性强的成本信息 ,要比较不同的生物质和地质材料的成本和吸附性能仍较困难。尽管已对低成本吸附剂领域进行了很多研究 ,但要更好地了解低成本吸附剂的作用机理及其实用性 ,仍需要做大量的室内和现场工作。     

工业部门污染物治理协同控制温室气体效应评价——基于重庆市的实证分析

以高能耗为主要特征的工业部门是大气污染物和温室气体的重要排放源.为推动协同管控,文中结合生态环境部在重庆市组织开展的试点工作,对工业企业NOx污染治理协同控制温室气体的效应进行了量化分析.结果表明,以末端治理为手段的NOx治理措施协同控制温室气体的效果为负,即工业企业去除1 t NOx会直接或间接增加CO2排放1.81...     

Contamination,chemical speciation and vertical distribution of heavy metals in soils of an old and large industrial zone in Northeast China

Heavy metal pollution of soils has become a major concern in China as a consequence of rapid urbanization and industrialization in recent years. However, the evaluation on soil heavy metal pollution in Shenyang, the largest heavy industrial base city in China, has not yet been conducted. In this study, accumulation, chemical speciation, and vertical distribution Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in soils were studied and pollution condition was assessed in Tiexi Industrial District of Shenyang, the largest and oldest industrial zone in Northeastern China. The results showed that in topsoil, the average concentration of total Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd was 209.06, 599.92, 470.19 and 8.59 mg kg⁻¹, respectively, much higher than the national threshold limit. The values of pollution index and integrated pollution index showed that the pollution level was Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb, and Cd, Cu and Zn belong to heavy pollution level. The residual, Fe and Mn oxide-bound, and organic-bound species accounted for about 90%, while carbonate-bound and exchangeable species accounted for about 10%. This study indicates that the soils in the industrial zone were widely and extremely polluted by multi-heavy metals as a result of long-term industrial activities.     

Pilot‐Scale Degradation of Organic Contaminants in a Continuous‐flow Reactor by the Helielectro‐Fenton Method

The feasibility of pilot‐scale mineralization of organic pollutants in wastewaters using the Electro‐Fenton® process is demonstrated. The treatment was applied in a continuous‐flow reactor, to solutions of nitrobenzene, 2,4‐D and benzoic acid and to actual wastewaters from a fine chemicals company along with a pulp and paper company. The results showed mineralization yields from 60 to 84% by simply applying the Electro‐Fenton® process. When a subsequent exposure to sunlight was carried out (Helielectro‐Fenton method), this mineralization almost went to completion, except for the effluent from the fine chemicals industry.