塔里木盆地北部古生界密集段分布型式与海平面变化的关系

塔里木盆地北部震旦纪－古生代层序地层格架中,发育着６个可作为生油层的大型密集段或复合密集段。密集段在层序格架中有４种叠置型式,即进积组合,退积组合,加积组合和上超组合。不同的叠置型对应于不同的海平面变化过程。相应地,密集段的发育规模及时空展布有着明显的差别,其中,在退积层序组合和进积层序组合中,密集段垂向上相互叠置,侧向上彼此邻接,构成层数与厚度复杂多变的复合密集段,是盆地中的主力生油层。     

Geology and Lead–Sulphur Isotope Compositions of the Tongyu Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulphide Copper Deposit in the Western Part of the North Qinling Orogen, China

The Tongyu copper deposit, located in the western part of the North Qinling Orogen, China, is one of several volcanic-hosted massive sulphide(VHMS) deposits with industrial value and is also a typical example of mineralization related to the subduction and metallogenesis during the Caledonian orogeny. We conducted systematic lead-sulphur isotope geochemical analyses of the Tongyu deposit to understand the possible ore-forming material sources and tectonic settings. Twenty-six sulphide samples yielded clustered δ~(34)S_(CDT) values of 1.13‰-3.36‰, average 2.22‰, and show a tower-type distribution,implying that the sulphur of the Tongyu copper deposit mainly originated from a mantle source. The Pb isotope compositions of sulphides(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb = 17.59225-18.56354, average 18.32020; ~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb =15.51770-15.69381, average 15.66217; ~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb= 37.99969-39.06953, average 38.52722) are close to the values of the volcanic host rocks(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb= 18.10678-18.26293, average 18.21158; ~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb =15.63196-15.68188, average 15.65345; ~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb= 38.43676-38.56360, average 38.49171), thus consistent with the Pb in ores and volcanic host rocks having been derived from a common source that was island-arc Pb related to oceanic crust subduction. The northward subduction of the Palaeo-Qinling oceanic crust triggered dehydration of the slab, which generated a large amount of high-oxygen-fugacity aqueous hydrothermal fluid. The fluid rose into the mantle wedge, activated and extracted metallogenic material and promoted partial melting of the mantle wedge. The magma and ore-forming fluid welled up and precipitated, finally forming the Tongyu VHMS copper deposit.     

Geochemistry of the Jinman Vein—Type Copper Deposit,Western Yunnan Province,China——I.Element Geochemical Characteristics

The Jinman copper deposit,which is situated on the northern margin of the Lanping-Simao back-arc basin,western Yunnan Province,is a silver-bearing,high-grade vein-type copper deposit.Comprehensive element geochemical studies of the host rocks and hydrothermal minerals revealed the regularities in the distribution,mobilization and transport of elements from the host rocks to hydrothermal minerals.In conjunction with the fluid inclusion and isotope data,it is suggested that the ore-forming fluid was derived mainly from a deep source characterized by CO2 enrichment and reduction in nature.It is also suggested that the oreforming materials come largely from a deep source.although the contribution of the country rocks should not be ruled out.It is also found that some hydrothermal minerals are possessed of MREE-enrichment patterns.It is deduced that the REEs in the deep-source ore fluid were transported in the form of CO3^2- complexes and were deposited in a continental basin(or a hot-spring basin).     

柴达木盆地东部烃源岩的生源与沉积环境

用色谱-质谱、稳定同位素质谱等分析测试技术，对柴达木盆地东部地区寒武系、奥陶系、泥盆系、石炭系和侏罗系岩样进行地球化学特征分析。从饱和烃生物标志化合物特征、正构烷烃单体碳同位素分布特征等方面入手，对该区的烃源岩的生源与沉积环境作了详细研究。结果表明，柴达木盆地东部地区古生界有机质多为菌、藻类生源，少数有陆源有机质混入（主要是石炭系）。有机质多为强还原环境的海相沉积，少数为海陆过渡相沉积。侏罗系在一些地区和层段并非典型的成煤环境，而是属于滨浅湖相，少数为半深湖-深湖环境，因此具有一定的生烃能力。     

鲁西地区“泰山红宝石”的发现及其地质特征

在山东新泰市新太古代泰山岩群变质岩系中,首次发现宝石级红刚玉,又称红宝石,商业名称暂定为＂泰山红宝石＂。红宝石产于鲁西地区新太古代二长花岗岩的壳源岩石包体之中,包体岩性以黑云更长变粒岩、黑云片岩、角闪石岩、斜长角闪岩、浅绿色含铬二云片岩为主,是新太古代古老地壳的深融残留;红刚玉与浅绿色含铬二云片岩关系密切,推测是新太古代变质岩中原岩残留斑晶矿物。     

云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩的源区成分模拟

本文在总结云南老王寨金矿区煌斑岩的主要元素、过渡元素、亲石元素、稀土元素和同位素地球化学特征的基础上．利用岩石学混合计算方法对其源区成分进行了模拟，进而讨论了矿区这类岩石的成因。地球化学和模拟计算均表明，老王寨金矿区煌斑岩来源于交代富集地幔，板块俯冲（印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲）富含ALK、LREE及不相容元素的海底沉积物被带入地幔脱水形成的流体是引起本区地幔交代作用的主要因素。     

西秦岭与赛什塘铜矿床有关的花岗质岩石岩浆源区特征及大地构造背景探讨

西秦岭赛什塘铜矿区内出露的三叠纪花岗质岩石有闪长玢岩、石英闪长岩、石英闪长玢岩、花岗斑岩和石英斑岩,其岩浆源区与形成构造环境可为古特提斯洋演化和区域成矿作用研究提供证据。岩石地球化学特征共同表明,这些花岗质岩石属于准铝质钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列,为I型花岗岩;Mg#值变化较大(39~68),LREE富集,HREE亏损,(La/Yb)N比值介于8.50~22.9,具有Eu负异常,δEu介于0.28~0.78,同时富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、K、Pb,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,呈现出与典型俯冲作用密切相关岛弧花岗岩相一致地球化学特征。石英闪长玢岩和石英斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为219.0±2.3Ma和220.0±2.0Ma,锆石εHf(t)分别为-4.5~-2.1和-2.5~+1.0,对应二阶段模式年龄分别为1392~1544Ma和1190~1415Ma。结合前人对西秦岭三叠纪花岗岩以及其南侧阿尼玛卿蛇绿混杂带研究成果,本文认为赛什塘铜矿区花岗质岩石与西秦岭同时期花岗岩形成于与古特提斯洋向北俯冲密切相关的大陆边缘弧环境,其岩浆源区为中元古代下地壳变基性岩,且岩浆可能受到地幔物质混染。     

山西省地热资源规律及其地质背景研究

中国大陆蕴藏丰富的地热资源,山西省局部地热异常特征明显。通过收集山西省典型地热区域流体数据,选取典型钻孔分析,探讨并总结山西省地热资源赋存规律和成因机制,为后期地热资源勘探及开发利用提供重要参考依据。通过分析研究结果得出以下几点认识：山西省水热型地热储层水温分布在28～78℃,北部以太古代花岗片麻岩为主,中部以古生代灰岩为主,南部以古生代碳酸盐岩为主;北部热源主要来自花岗岩中放射性元素衰变产生热量,中部和南部热源受地幔上隆及岩浆活动影响;省内深大断裂构成地下热水运移通道,热传导性较好;第四纪和第三纪松散层为省内地热良好的保温盖层,岩性以粘土、砂质粘土及砂层为主。结合前人水文地球化学研究成果,认为山西省地热水pH值呈弱碱性,其中Sr、Li、SiO₂与Cl大体上存在正相关关系,大部分地热水氚含量小于1TU,水源主要为大气降水补给,部分地热田出现δ¹⁸O漂移,氧同位素交换作用显著。     

无机地球化学参数与有效烃源岩发育环境的相关研究

探索海相有效烃源岩判识指标仍是我国油气勘探中尚待解决的重要科研任务之一。古生产力及氧化还原条件是研究全球变化和海洋环境的重要内容,也是重塑有效烃源岩发育环境的主要参数。Si、Ba是古生产力的替代指标,Cd对古营养盐的反演具良好前景。过渡金属及其相关比值是缺氧环境的有效判识指标,可用其推断有机质保存条件。δ13Ccarb正偏移指示有机质埋藏量增加,是底部水体缺氧的响应。过渡金属同位素（δ65Cu、δ66Zn、δ97Mo）受生物活动及氧化还原条件的影响发生较大分馏,示踪环境变化具灵敏、高效性。将这些无机参数对古环境的示踪意义引入油气地质研究,从环境角度分析某一套地层能否发育有效烃源岩,进而探讨高演化海相有效烃源岩的判识,就更具特殊意义。     

就若干矿床的类型、成矿物质来源及辉钼矿含铼量的地质意义等与毛景文研究员商榷

毛景文研究员等多年来将陕西洛南黄龙铺碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床分别更改为碳酸盐(岩)型、热液碳酸盐脉型或脉型,把河南栾川南泥湖斑岩体形成复合的南泥湖—三道庄斑岩—夕卡岩型钼(钨)矿床,分解为南泥湖斑岩钼钨矿床和三道庄夕卡岩型钼钨矿床,和把长江中下游地区的绝大多数夕卡岩型铜(铝)矿床和少数斑岩—夕卡岩型铜(钼)矿床更改为斑岩—夕卡岩—层控铜—金—钼矿床等。本文对毛景文等更改这些矿床的矿床类型,以及毛景文等认为"辉钼矿的Re含量可指示成矿物质来源","大水沟热液型碲(金)矿床的成矿流体及其他物质主要来自于地幔"和"温泉钼矿是与S-型花岗岩有关的斑岩钼矿床是一种新类型和新发现"等所存在的问题进行探讨。希能理清某些矿床学问题,进一步促进矿床学的发展。