高温高压下岩石电导率不同测量方法的实验对比——以二辉橄榄岩为例

利用YJ-3000t紧装式六面顶压机,在1.0GPa、500～900℃和2.0GPa、500～950℃的实验条件下,同时采用交流阻抗谱法(AC0.05～10-6Hz)、直流法(DC)和单频交流法(0.1Hz)三种方法对采自河北大麻坪玄武岩中的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩进行了电导率的实验测量.实验结果表明:在实验的温度和压力范围内...     

井震联合分析预测神狐海域天然气水合物可能的垂向分布

已有的地质与地球物理信息表明南中国海北部陆坡神狐海域存在天然气水合物,2007年钻井和取样结果证实其以细颗粒均匀存在于水合物稳定带内,但区域分布范围极不规则.由于测井记录长度和取样深度的范围有限,天然气水合物垂向分布特征难以确定.为了深入了解此区域天然气水合物深度上的分布规律,对SH7井的多种测井数据进行综合分析并与地震反射特征建立联系,得到三个主要的沉积物性变化层位并以此为基础进行叠后数据的伪井约束反演,结果表明在已证实的含水合物层之下还存在高速层.而AVO叠前正演模拟分析结果与实际地震数据对比表明,研究区的天然气水合物稳定带可能由含水合物沉积物与饱水沉积物的薄互层组成,这就意味着在取样获得天然气水合物样品的深度之下,很可能存在另一个含水合物层.     

大别超高压榴辉岩高温高压下电导率实验研究

为研究大陆中下地壳高导层成因及与物质组成之间的关系，用模拟实验的方法在不同的温度、压力条件下分别测定了干的和1mol/LNaCl溶液饱和的榴辉岩的电导率.结果表明，干榴辉岩平行线理方向的电导率比垂直于线理方向的高，但两个方向上的活化能相近.在中下地壳条件下，干榴辉岩的电导率比中下地壳高导层电导率值低几个数量级.常温下1mol/LNaCl溶液饱和的榴辉岩两个方向上的电导率对压力具有不同的依赖性；在中下地壳条件下，1mol/LNaCl溶液饱和的榴辉岩的电导率可达到一般高导层的电导率值.无论干的还是饱和的榴辉岩都不能解释大别山20-50km深处的高导层成因，因此，在该深度范围内榴辉岩不可能是主要的岩石组成.     

大地电磁阻抗张量正则分解的地质含义分析

由于常规的张量旋转分析方法的局限性，在处理三维阻抗问题时不能得到令人满意的结果.最新发展的三维阻抗张量的正则分解方法由于不需约束条件，可以自然的从三维阻抗张量中提取完整的参数体系，因而具有很好的应用前景.本文对正则分解的方法从理论上进行了分析和证明，对原有参数计算公式做适当的修改，将正则分解与坐标旋转结合起来，分析二者之间的联系与区别，并探讨参数的地质含义.     

分布式被动源电磁法系统及其应用

分布式被动源电磁法系统 ,简称DPEM。DPEM利用天然电磁场或人文电磁场作为源场 ,研究大地的电磁响应 ,探测地下电性分布及地质结构 ,可适应各种复杂的地理地质环境。主要特点有 :同步阵列遥测不同地理坐标点的电磁场 ,具有高信噪比、高分辨率和高效率 ;主机 -子机系统 ,为非封闭挂接式 ,可按使用要求配置子机数量 (坐标点数 ) ,一次实现面积性同步覆盖测量 ;频率范围 16kHz～ 0Hz ,实现浅自近地表、深至 1km、直至上地幔的不同地质目标的探测 ;可提供视电阻率、阻抗相位、异常相位等地电学参数。文中介绍了 3个工作实例     

有能量吸收的一维波动方程的阻抗反演

本文讨论了一维粘弹性波阻抗反演的迭代法。根据一维波动方程和ＫｅｌｖｉｎＶｏｉｇｔ粘弹模型导出了一个适于数值计算的第二类Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ型积分方程，用迭代法求解。通过对已有方法的改进和完善，数值计算表明了该反演方法具有一定的精度、抗干扰能力和分辨率以及应用于实际水平层状地层反射地震记录反演阻抗的可能性．     

Electrical conductivity,thermopower and <Superscript>57</Superscript>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy of aegirine (NaFeSi<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>6</Subscript>)

DC and AC electrical conductivities were measured on samples of two different crystals of the mineral aegirine (NaFeSi₂O₆) parallel () and perpendicular () to the [001] direction of the clinopyroxene structure between 200 and 600 K. Impedance spectroscopy was applied (20 Hz–1 MHz) and the bulk DC conductivity _DC was determined by extrapolating AC data to zero frequency. In both directions, the log _DC – 1/T curves bend slightly. In the high- and low-temperature limits, differential activation energies were derived for measurements [001] of E_A 0.45 and 0.35 eV, respectively, and the numbers [001] are very similar. The value of _DC [001] with _DC(300 K) 2.0 × 10^{–6 –1}cm^–1 is by a factor of 2–10 above that measured [001], depending on temperature, which means anisotropic charge transport. Below 350 K, the AC conductivity () (/2=frequency) is enhanced relative to _DC for both directions with an increasing difference for rising frequencies on lowering the temperature. An approximate power law for () is noted at higher frequencies and low temperatures with () ^s, which is frequently observed on amorphous and disordered semiconductors. Scaling of () data is possible with reference to _DC, which results in a quasi-universal curve for different temperatures. An attempt was made to discuss DC and AC results in the light of theoretical models of hopping charge transport and of a possible Fe²⁺ Fe³⁺ electron hopping mechanism. The thermopower (Seebeck effect) in the temperature range 360 K < T <770 K is negative in both directions. There is a linear – 1/T relationship above 400 K with activation energy E 0.030 eV [001] and 0.070 eV [001]. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied to detect Fe²⁺ in addition to the dominating concentration of Fe³⁺.     

区域三维大地电磁阻抗张量畸变效应的Mohr圆分析

根据二维大地电磁阻抗张量分解原理，推导出剪切、扭曲和各向异性因素影响区域性三维响应的关系式。这既适用于任意复杂的三维构造，也包含了二维和一维情况。并用Ｍｏｈｒ圆分析了受畸变因素影响时的三维响应及其在微弱畸变与强烈畸变影响下不同的性质和特征     

Response of L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a uniform half-space to traveling seismic waves

A simplified indirect boundary element method is applied to compute the impedance functions for L-shaped rigid foundations embedded in a homogeneous viscoelastic half-space. In this method, the waves generated by the 3D vibrating foundation are constructed from radiating sources located on the actual boundary of the foundation. The impedance functions together with the free-field displacements and tractions generated along the soil–foundation interface are used to calculate the foundation input motion for incident P, S and Rayleigh waves. This is accomplished by application of Iguchi's averaging method which, in turn, is verified by comparison with results obtained rigorously using the relation between the solutions of the basic radiation (impedance functions) and scattering (input motions) problems. Numerical results are presented for both surface-supported and embedded foundations. It is shown how the seismic response of L-shaped foundations with symmetrical wings differs from that of enveloping square foundations. The effects of inclination and azimuth of the earthquake excitation are examined as well. These results should be of use in analyses of soil–structure interaction to account for the traveling wave effects usually overlooked in practice.