磁铁矿和钛铁矿成分对四川太和富磷灰石钒钛磁铁矿床成因的约束

产于层状镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体中的太和岩浆型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床是峨眉山大火成岩省内带几个超大型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床之一。太和岩体长超过3km,宽2km,厚约1.2km。根据矿物含量和结构等特征,整个岩体从下向上可划分为下部岩相带、中部岩相带、上部岩相带。下部岩相带主要以(橄榄)辉长岩和厚层不含磷灰石的块状Fe-Ti氧化物矿层组成。中部岩相带韵律旋回发育,(磷灰石)磁铁辉石岩主要位于旋回的底部,旋回上部为(磷灰石)辉长岩。上部岩相带主要是贫Fe-Ti氧化物的磷灰石辉长岩。太和中部岩相带磷灰石磁铁辉石岩含有5%~12%磷灰石、20%~35%Fe-Ti氧化物、50%~60%硅酸盐矿物,且硅酸盐矿物与磷灰石呈堆积结构。磷灰石磁铁辉石岩中磁铁矿显示高TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO,且变化范围与趋势接近于攀枝花岩体。钛铁矿FeO分别与TiO2、MgO显示负相关,而FeO分别与Fe2O3、MnO显示正的相关,且TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO含量变化较大,这些特征都暗示磁铁矿和钛铁矿是从富Fe-Ti-P岩浆中分离结晶。因此,可以推断太和磷灰石磁铁矿辉石岩形成于矿物重力分选和堆积。太和下部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿含有相对较高Cr2O3(0.07%~0.21%),而中部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿Cr2O3(0.00%~0.03%)显著降低,且这些磁铁矿Cr2O3含量变化与单斜辉石Cr含量和斜长石An牌号呈正相关。这些特征印证了形成中部岩相带的相对演化的富Fe-Ti-P母岩浆可能是源自中部岩浆房的混合岩浆。上部岩相带磁铁矿和中部岩相带顶部少量磁铁矿显示较低Ti+V可能是由于岩浆房中累积的岩浆热液对磁铁矿成分进行了改造。     

Geochronology of the Hongniu-Hongshan porphyry and skarn Cu deposit,northwestern Yunnan province,China: Implications for mineralization of the Zhongdian arc

The Hongniu-Hongshan porphyry and skarn copper deposit is located in the Triassic Zhongdian island arc, northwestern Yunnan province, China. Single-zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb dating suggests that the diorite porphyry and the quartz monzonite porphyry in the deposit area formed at 200 Ma and 77 Ma, respectively. A Re–Os isotopic date of molybdenite from the ore is 78.9 Ma, which indicates that in addition to the known Triassic Cu–(Au) porphyry systems, a Late Cretaceous porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization event also exists in the Zhongdian arc. The quartz monzonite porphyry shows characteristics of a magnetite series intrusion, with a high concentration of Al, K, Rb, Ba, and Pb, low amount of Ta, Ti, Y, and Yb, and a high ratio of Sr/Y (average 26.42). The Cretaceous porphyry also shows a strong fractionation between light and heavy rare earth elements (average (La/Yb)_N 37.9), which is similar to those of the Triassic subduction-related diorite porphyry in the Hongniu-Hongshan deposit and the porphyry hosting the Pulang copper deposit. However, in contrast to the older intrusions, the quartz monzonite porphyry contains higher concentrations of large ion lithophile elements and Co, and lesser Sr and Zr. Therefore, whereas the Triassic porphyry Cu–(Au) mineralization is related to slab subduction slab in an arc setting, the quartz monzonite porphyry in the Hongniu-Hongshan deposit formed by the remelting of the residual oceanic slab combined with contributions from subduction-modified arc lithosphere and continental crust, which provided the metals for the Late Cretaceous mineralization.     

塔里木盆地西北缘二叠纪壳源型碳酸岩的发现及其地质意义

碳酸岩是自然界较为特殊的一类火成岩,由于其在上侵过程中不易受到地壳物质的混染,可以很好地保留源区原始特征,因而在揭示岩浆源区属性和地球深部碳循环等方面具有重要的研究价值。塔里木盆地西北缘阿克苏-乌什南部地区发育多条侵位到新元古界南华系中的火成碳酸岩岩墙或岩脉。这些岩脉的锆石U-Pb测年结果显示出多个年龄峰值,其中最年轻一组(3颗)岩浆锆石的谐和加权年龄为272±4Ma,另外还有400Ma、450Ma、790Ma、850Ma等年龄峰,而这些锆石可能均为碳酸岩岩浆捕获成因。结合区域上发育大量早二叠世辉绿岩岩床及岩墙等侵入事件,推测这些碳酸岩很可能形成于早二叠世(～270Ma)。碳酸岩主要由方解石(90%以上)构成,并含少量的白云石、重晶石、天青石、赤铁矿等其它矿物,可见方解石与白云石之间明显的出溶结构以及野外宏观上碳酸岩包裹围岩等现象。元素地球化学分析显示,碳酸岩CaO含量高(44.40%～50.40%),SiO_2含量低(1.83%～7.97%);稀土元素总量很低(∑REE=21.67 ×10~(-6)～91.32 × 10~(-6)),轻重稀土分异明显(LREE/HREE=3.90～8.40),具有中等负铕异常(δEu=0.61～0.68)和中等至弱负铈异常(δCe=0.59～0.98);大离子亲石元素Sr、Rb、Ba等相对富集,Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素相对亏损;稳定同位素δ~(13) C_(V-PDB)值高(-2.69‰～-2.93‰)、δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)值高(17.33‰～17.86‰)。这些特征与壳源碳酸岩特征相似,而与幔源碳酸岩差别较大。Sr-Nd同位素结果显示高的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值(0.710106～0.710558),低的ε_(Nd)(t)值(-8.46～-12.80),也进一步证实碳酸岩为地壳来源。综合分析认为这些碳酸岩很可能是塔里木二叠纪大火成岩省晚期岩浆事件的组成部分,系由塔里木西北缘地幔柱减压熔融后形成高温的基性岩浆向上侵位运移时,导致下地壳的碳酸盐储库部分熔融形成碳酸岩岩浆,并沿着断裂快速向上侵位形成。本文研究不仅丰富了塔里木大火成岩省的岩石组成认识,而且有助于增进对二叠纪深部复杂壳幔作用过程的理解。     

小波变换在高分辨率层序地层分析中的应用

为了分析测井曲线一维小波变换用于高分辨率层序地层研究的方法效果,从小波系数模极值点、过零点与信号突变点数学模型出发,分析高分辨率层序地层研究对测井曲线分层的要求,探讨测井小波变换最大分级和最佳小波选择,以一取心率高探井为例,用两种小波函数对四种测井曲线进行一维小波变换和高分辨率地层界面解译,进而在某油区用小波分析开展高精度地层对比.研究表明,选择恰当窗宽小波决定测井曲线小波分层精度、测井数据sym6 小波分解的小层界面划分效果要稍好于db4小波、常规测井曲线正则性小波分解可以很好地满足高分辨率层序地层划分要求.     

云南朱布镁铁-超镁铁岩体地球化学特征及成因机理探讨

云南朱布镁铁-超镁铁岩体赋存中型铜镍铂族元素矿床,侵位于元谋群片岩和花岗片麻岩中,岩体垂直分异明显,自下而上为橄榄岩、橄辉岩、辉石岩、辉长岩等相带.矿体以底部“边缘矿”为主,上部有呈透镜状产出的少量“上悬矿”.本文报道了朱布岩体主元素、微量元素、铂族元素(PGE)和 Sr-Nd 同位素组成新的测试结果.分析表明朱布岩体具有拉斑玄武质岩浆分异演化趋势,富集 LREE 的分布模式,弱的Nb 异常和较明显的 Sr 负异常,并与峨眉山大火成岩省(ELIP)苦橄岩相类似,暗示两者可能存在成因上的联系.朱布岩体的铂族元素相对分布模式为“Pt-Pd”富集型,原始地幔标准化曲线向左陡倾.较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i (0.7096~0.7107)和较低的εNd(t)(-3.1~-2.3),表明朱布岩浆受到了地壳物质不同程度的混染.通过岩浆演化过程反演,得出其母岩浆性质为苦橄质,并估算地壳混染程度在3%~20%之间,发现在 R (岩浆与熔离硫化物的比例)值为1000~5000时比较吻合朱布样品中硫化物的实际测定值,证实了朱布岩体可能为开放系统的岩浆房,经过多级富集过程,先熔出的硫化物从后续多期次岩浆中吸收了大量 PGE,岩浆房中同时存在堆晶和岩浆演化,分别形成了底层橄榄岩和上部的辉长岩,中间过渡为橄辉岩和辉石岩     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000168

Actual granitoid analytical data of 767 composited samples are presented here.The data source is 6080 samples collected mainly from 750 large- to middle-sized granitoid bodies across China. Data from the composited samples,which includes that of 70 elements,is analyzed according to geological age—Archeozoic(Ar),Proterozoic(Pt),Eopaleozoic(Pz_1),Neopaleozoic(Pz_2),Mesozoic(Mz), and Cenozoic(Cz)—and three major compositional varieties,e.g.alkali-feldspar granite,syenogranite and adamellite.Petrochemical pa...     

Petrology of nepheline syenite gneiss from Amazonian Brazil

Nepheline syenite gneiss is exposed in three localities near the village of Boca Nova (47·04′W, 1°51′S) in northeastern Pará, Brazil. Isotopic and chemical evidence for an igneous premetamorphic history include: (1) bulk compositions which plot in the Q–Ne–Ks system on a peralkaline fractionation curve; (2) bulk compositions which fall on the Hviddal igneous trend in the SiO₂–Al₂O₃–Na₂O + K₂O molecular diagram; (3) an average K/Rb ratio identical to the average for nepheline syenites of the Khibina massif; (4) K/Rb ratios which lie on the ideal igneous fractionation curve; (5) Nb(Ta) contents far in excess of average crustal abundance; and (6) a low Sr₈₇/Sr⁸⁶ value (0·7034) characteristic of mantle derivation. Post-kinematic lit-par-lit injections, discordant veins, and concordant pods of leucocratic nepheline–alkali feldspar pegmatite partially replaced the metamorphic assemblage and destroyed any microscopic equilibrium texture that may have been present. The final disequilibrium assemblage consists of Fe-rich biotite and two generations each of sodic plagioclase, microcline, and nepheline. Some minor metasomatic chemical effects may be present in the rocks but a case for nephelinization of crustal rocks cannot be documented. Field, petrographic, and chemical constraints indicate that the Boca Nova gneiss is an early-stage migmatite formed by anatexis of metamorphosed igneous nepheline syenite or its volcanic equivalent. Regional metamorphism and partial melting opened the Rb-Sr system so that the whole-rock Rb/Sr isochron age of 724 m.y. has no unambiguous interpretation. A K/Ar age of 580 ± 10 m.y. from biotite denning the metamorphic foliation is regarded as a minimum date for the regional metamorphism and anatexis. No other alkaline rocks of comparable age are known in the Sao Luis Craton.