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191.
192.
非线性大气化学动力学方程组数值解法的比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大气化学模式中描述化学反应动力学的是一组高度耦合、刚性、非线性的常微分方程组,高效精确的计算方法在空气质量模拟预测、气候化学相互作用研究中尤为重要。本文介绍了求解此类非线性常微分方程组(ODEs)的七种常见的数值计算方法,包括QSSA、MQSSA、HYBRID、MHYBRID、LSODE、GongCho以及TWOSTEP方法,并基于同一反应机理进行24 h的数值模拟,通过对模拟结果的讨论分析,比较了各种方法的优劣。研究结果表明,就计算效率而言,QSSA方法最为省时。就计算精度而言,LSODE方法最优。若综合考虑计算精度和效率,HYBRID、MHY-BRID是比较适中的数值解法。 相似文献
193.
The Crank–Nicolson scheme has second‐order accuracy, but often leads to oscillations affecting numerical stability. On the other hand, the implicit scheme is free from oscillation, but it has only first‐order accuracy. In this work, a three‐point discretization scheme with variable time step is presented for the time marching of parabolic partial differential equations. The method proposed has second‐order accuracy, is unconditionally stable and dampens spurious oscillations of the numerical results. The application and effectiveness of the new method are demonstrated through several numerical examples. It is shown that, unlike the Crank–Nicolson method, the approach proposed produces no oscillatory response irrespective of the time step adopted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
194.
Recent developments in stochastic and statistical methods in hydrology and environmental engineering presented in the upcoming sequence of research papers are evaluated, compared and put into proper perspective. These papers are being published as a memorial to Professor T. E. Unny who was a founding Editor of the journalStochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics. As explained in this introductory paper, other activities that took place to celebrate Professor Unny's lifetime academic accomplishments include an international conference held in his honor at the University of Waterloo in June, 1993 and the publication of a four-volume conference proceedings in 1994. 相似文献
195.
朱元泓 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1995,(2)
从屏幕色到印刷的转换方法朱元泓。是,人们感到头痛的是屏。的效果。为了达到理想的印刷色土要进行多次重复尝试(从修改荧光屏,浪费材料,特别是多色地图电子复制设计A屏幕色转换为印刷色的新方法,即逆解组纶堡方d值修正法,并说明两种方法可达到的精度。j色通过红... 相似文献
196.
时域差分法作为 Maxw ell方程的直接解法,是由叶( Yee)氏首先提出的,近些年受到国内外研究人员的广泛重视。它在波场计算中的普遍应用源于它自身的一些优点:①不受物理模型几何形状的限制;②不受制于散射因素;③是一种对瞬变问题的直接解法。给出了柱坐标系下 Maxw ell方程的时域差分公式,验证了方法软件的稳定性和计算的精度,对几种地层模型进行了模拟计算,取得良好效果。 相似文献
197.
Jaco J. A. van Kooten 《Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics》1994,8(3):185-205
This study deals with the transport of a contaminant in groundwater. The contaminant is subject to first order decay or linear adsorption. Its displacement can be modeled by a random walk process in which particles are killed at exponentially distributed times. Dirichlet problems are derived for the rate and mean time at which contaminated particles reach a particular part of the boundary of a certain domain. These Dirichlet problems are solved asymptotically for two types of 2D-flow patterns: flow parallel to the boundary of a domain and arbitrary flow towards a well in an aquifer. 相似文献
198.
两种煤质分析指标的关联方程组研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在综合分析大量文献资料的基础上,采用多元线性回归方法,利用MATLAB对大量煤质分析结果进行了回归分析,推导出了煤质元素分析与工业分析的关联方程组。新方法实现了由工业分析结果求元素分析成分的目的,具有重大的实用意义。 相似文献
199.
In one‐dimensional mathematical models of ?uvial ?ow, sediment transport and morphological evolution, the governing equations based on mass and momentum conservation laws constitute a hyperbolic system. Succinctly, the hyperbolic nature excludes dispersion or diffusion operators, which is well known in the context of differential equations. There is no doubt that the so‐called ‘dispersion’ argument for bed material wave evolution is questionable, as we have explicitly asserted. Surprisingly, in a recent communication, the authors of the ‘dispersion’ argument suggest that dispersion is not precluded in hyperbolic systems. We provide herein further perspectives to help explain that the dispersion argument is neither appropriate nor necessary for interpreting bed material wave evolution. Also the continuity equations involved are addressed to prompt wider understanding of their signi?cance. In particular, the continuity equation of the water–sediment mixture proposed by the authors of the ‘dispersion’ argument is proved to be incorrect, and inevitably their reasoning based on it is problematic. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
200.
Real‐time dynamic substructuring is an experimental technique for testing the dynamic behaviour of complex structures. It involves creating a hybrid model of the entire structure by combining an experimental test piece—the substructure—with a numerical model describing the remainder of the system. The technique is useful when it is impractical to experimentally test the entire structure or complete numerical modelling is insufficient. In this paper, we focus on the influence of delay in the system, which is generally due to the inherent dynamics of the transfer systems (actuators) used for structural testing. This naturally gives rise to a delay differential equation (DDE) model of the substructured system. With the case of a substructured system consisting of a single mass–spring oscillator we demonstrate how a DDE model can be used to understand the influence of the response delay of the actuator. Specifically, we describe a number of methods for identifying the critical time delay above which the system becomes unstable. Because of the low damping in many large structures a typical situation is that a substructuring test would operate in an unstable region if additional techniques were not implemented in practice. We demonstrate with an adaptive delay compensation technique that the substructured mass–spring oscillator system can be stabilized successfully in an experiment. The approach of DDE modelling also allows us to determine the dependence of the critical delay on the parameters of the delay compensation scheme. Using this approach we develop an over‐compensation scheme that will help ensure stable experimental testing from initiation to steady state operation. This technique is particularly suited to stiff structures or those with very low natural damping as regularly encountered in structural engineering. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献