长江防洪决策支持系统——防洪决策风险分析

针对长江中游防洪决策过程,筛选出几个主要的风险因子.考虑暴雨洪水历史资料,短期洪水位预报以及中长期雨洪预报三种不同信息条件,建立防洪决策风险分析模型,针对长江三峡至螺山河段防洪系统,是否启用分蓄洪区的各种防洪决策方案,给出决策风险的定量描述.     

长江中游洞庭湖防洪系统水流模拟——Ⅰ．建模思路和基本算法

针对长江中游洞庭湖防洪系统规模庞大、水流复杂、资料短缺和预报时限紧迫的实际条件,提出了具有层次和模块结构特点、一维与二维水流模拟、水力学与水文学方法、理论模型与补充信息相结合的建模途径.所建模型的湖泊部分采用无结构网格二维非恒定流高性能有限体积格式,以适应湖区复杂的边界形状和保持水量平衡;河网部分采用一维非恒定流守恒型显格式,避免隐格式矩阵算法的复杂性,同时有利于与二维模型的耦合及与各种复杂连通关系的显式连接.这种一、二维混合非恒定流模型可用于长江干流、洞庭湖河网及湖泊、堤垸区的洪水演进和防洪调度的水流仿真.     

湖南洞庭坳陷大地电磁测深研究

介绍了大地电磁测深在湖南洞庭坳陷的主要研究成果。详细分析、推断了洞庭地区的区域构造格局，深部电性结构及壳、幔高导层的分布特点     

面状规则图案的构造原理及机助实现

本文在分析规则面状图案构造原理的基础上提出了一系列构造函数,此构造函数为计算机辅助设计规则面状图案提供了理论依据,易于实现。并论述了在微机上实现此思想的技术关键。     

Anomalous structural evolution of the Shimanto Accretionary Prism at Murotomisaki, Shikoku Island, Japan

Abstract The Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Nabae Sub-belt of the Shimanto Accretionary Prism was created coevally (ca 25-15 Ma) with the opening of the Shikoku back-arc basin, located to the south of the southwest Japan convergent margin. The detailed geology of the sub-belt has been controversial and the interaction of the Shimanto accretionary prism and the opening of the Shikoku Basin has been ambiguous. New structural analysis of the sub-belt has led to a new perception of its structural framework and has significant bearing on the interpretation of the Neogene tectonics of southwest Japan. The sub-belt is divided into three units: the Nabae Complex; the Shijujiyama Formation; and the Maruyama Intrusive Suite. The Nabae Complex comprises coherent units and mélange, all of which show polyphase deformation. The first phase of deformation appears to have involved landward vergent thrusting of coherent units over the mélange terrane. The second phase of deformation involved continued landward vergent shortening. The Shijujiyama Formation, composed mainly of mafic volcanics and massive sandstone, is interpreted as a slope basin deposited upon the Nabae Complex during the second phase of deformation. The youngest deformational pulse involved regional flexing and accompanying pervasive faulting. During this event, mafic rocks of the Maruyama Intrusive Suite intruded the sub-belt. Fossil evidence in the Nabae Complex and radiometric dates on the intrusive rocks indicate that this tectonic scheme was imprinted upon the sub-belt between ～23 and ～14 Ma. The timing of accretion and deformation of the sub-belt coincides with the opening of the Shikoku Basin; hence, subduction and spreading operated simultaneously. Accretion of the Nabae Sub-belt was anomalous, involving landward vergent thrusting, magmatism in newly accreted strata and regional flexing. It is proposed that this complex and anomalous structural history is largely related to the subduction of the active Shikoku Basin spreading ridge and associated seamounts.     

苍山十八溪的水石流及其防治

云南省苍山十八溪发育十分典型的水石流,流动时表面为高含沙洪水,底部为粗相沙砾和巨石,固液两相离析为非均质两相流。流体具有很大的动能和冲击力,对富绕的苍洱平坝区造成危害。为了治灾除害,保护生态环境,本文对防治目的、治理目标、防治方针与方法,以及实施顺序、程序、方案、技术措施等问题作了阐述。     

柴北缘冷湖构造带古近系沉积体系及演化特征

通过对柴达木盆地北缘西段重点探井的岩心观测、重矿物分析、测井数据及地震资料的分析，研究了冷湖构造带古近系沉积体系及演化特征和不同时期沉积微相及砂体的展布规律.结果认为，冷湖构造带古近系主要发育冲积扇-辫状河-辫状河三角洲-湖泊沉积体系，物源来自北东方向的小赛什腾山和赛什腾山附近.古近系路乐河组（E₁₊₂）沉积期，主要发育辫状河以及辫状河三角洲平原沉积，仅在靠近山前发育少量冲积扇沉积；至下干柴沟组（E₃）沉积时期，主要发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲平原、辫状河三角洲前缘及滨-浅湖沉积.古近纪时期冷湖构造带表现为一次较大规模的水进过程，纵向沉积继承性明显，很好地记录了这一沉积演化过程.这一沉积体系及演化过程有利于粗碎屑和细碎屑交互沉积，形成较好的储盖组合，为柴达木盆地冷湖构造带下一步的油气勘探提供了可靠的地质依据.     

东秦岭地壳的波浪状构造演化

东秦岭构造带是个综合性活动带,其形成和发展都同华北与华南两大地块之间的天平式摆动相关联。实际上,来自SSW方向的特提斯构造波系和来自SEE方向的环太平洋构造波系控制着整个演化史。但一个波系在一段时期居于支配地位,其后便为另一波系所替代。这种交替反复进行了多次。     

汶川县南沟滑坡与防治

滑坡位于汶川县城关镇南沟,属深层牵引式土质滑坡。该滑坡正处于活动期,一旦大规模活动,将危及县政府等几十个机关、学校和居民的安全,给数千人的生命、财产带来极大的损失。本文提出了筑坝、排水、封山育林等具体防治方案和措施。     

辽东湾丛式钻井陀螺侧钻及导向钻井防碰技术

本文介绍渤海辽东湾实验区AI平台丛式定向井最后钻完的3口侧钻绕障井。在有邻井和本井套管磁干扰情况下,特别是与邻井间距最小仅为0.6m,采用陀螺定向侧钻以及导向钻井技术相结合,安全顺利的钻完了这3口井。总结和介绍了侧钻、防碰的工艺特声,以及安全措施。研究和分析了使用陀螺定向侧钻,钻速与造斜率,井眼轨迹合理控制等问题。