糖蜜酒精废液中钾测定方法的研究

采用四苯硼钠溶液滴定电导-测量法,对糖蜜酒精废液中钾的测定方法进行了研究。该法简便快速,测定周期仅需20m in左右,所需试剂种类和用量少,准确度和精密度与四苯硼钾重量法相当。     

Reconstitution des apports en éléments traces métalliques et bilan de leur migration dans un Luvisol sableux soumis à 100 ans d'irrigation massive par des eaux usées brutes

Raw wastewaters were massively spread on sandy luvisols near Paris from 1899 to 2002, leading to high trace metals (TM) pollution of soils. Mass balance calculations were performed on a soil profile to assess vertical migration of TM. The contamination was estimated by subtracting the natural pedo-geochemical background of the horizons. TM inputs were estimated using Cr as an invariant. It is shown that Pb and Cr remained in the surface horizon, while Ni, Cd, Cu and Zn migrated downward, being more or less trapped depending on the physicochemical properties of the horizons. To cite this article: C. Dère et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

A study on the treatment of antifouling paint waste from shipyard

A study on the treatment of antifouling paint waste from shipyards, including sandblast waste and ship hull washing wastewater, was performed. The sandblast waste could be effectively detoxified by heat treatment, and the efficiency was affected by the temperature of the heating vessel and treatment time. The removal efficiency of total organotin compounds from the sandblast waste was over 99% at 1000 °C and treatment for 1 h. For the treatment of ship hull washing wastewater by the solvent extraction, ship diesel was a good solvent for the tributyltin (TBT) extraction, and the proper amount of solvent was about 10 mL for TBT extraction from 1 L of wastewater. The extraction efficiency of TBT was significantly affected by the agitation intensity. The TBT in the wash wastewater was rapidly extracted within 1 h. The level of the TBT residual in the wastewater extracted for 1 h was 2.8 μg L⁻¹, and this was further decreased to 0.8 after 5 h extraction.     

GT-铁氧体法处理含铬废水实验研究

通过实验研究,确定了ＧＴ－铁氧体法处理电镀含铬废水的各种工艺条件,按照该工艺提供的工艺参数处理电镀含铬废水,可以使处理后的排水中的铬含量达到排放标准。     

单斜与六方磁黄铁矿处理含Cr(VI)废水过程中pH值变化规律

与六方磁黄铁矿相比,单斜磁黄铁矿Fe缺位较普遍。在初始pH值分别为3.40～9.66和3.47～9.66较宽范围内,利用单斜磁黄铁矿和六方磁黄铁矿处理含Cr(VI) 废水,当反应达到充分平衡时,废水的pH值分别变化在3.61～4.47和5.39～6.57范围内。六方磁黄铁矿除Cr(VI)效果明显不及单斜磁黄铁矿,但被氧化的六方磁黄铁矿除Cr(VI)效率有所 提高。电化学分析表明,在酸性介质中处理的反应过程为H+的消耗过程,而在碱性介质中 则为OH 的消耗过程。根据pH值的这一变化规律,可自行调节处理过程中水质的酸性变化 ,能节省传统工艺中需要加碱以中和处理后酸性水的环节,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

生物工程处理草浆造纸废水系统的特点

文章通过对许昌造纸厂废水处理系统的论述 ,介绍了以生化为主的碱法草浆造纸废水治理成套技术的概况、工艺流程、投资概算和运行成本等 ,并进一步阐明了这套技术的科学性、实用性和先进性     

Relative role and extent of marine and groundwater inundation on a dune‐dominated barrier island under sea‐level rise scenarios

Climate change and sea‐level rise will have severe impacts on coastal water resources around the world. However, whereas the influence of marine inundation is well documented in the literature, the impact of groundwater inundation on coastal communities is not well known. Here, core analysis, groundwater monitoring, and ground penetrating radar are utilized to assess the groundwater regime of the surficial aquifer on Bogue Banks Barrier Island (USA). Then, geospatial techniques are used to assess the relative roles and extents of groundwater and marine inundation on the dune‐dominated barrier island under sea‐level rise scenarios of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 m above current conditions by 2100. Additionally, the effects of rising water tables on onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are modelled using the projected sea‐level rise scenarios. The results indicate that the surficial aquifer comprising fine to medium sands responds quickly to precipitation. Water‐level measurements reveal varying thicknesses of the vadose zone (>3 to 0 m) and several groundwater mounds with radial flow patterns. Results from projected sea‐level rise scenarios suggest that owing to aquifer properties and morphology of the island, groundwater inundation may occur at the same rate as marine inundation. Furthermore, the area inundated by groundwater may be as significant as that affected by marine inundation. The results also show that the proportion of land in the study area where OWTS may be perpetually compromised by rising water tables under worst case scenarios may range from ~43 to ~54% over an 86‐year‐period. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

人工湿地净化高盐度养殖废水的效果

研究了人工湿地循环处理哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)高盐度(21.1-23.3)养殖废水的净化效果。人工湿地对高盐度养殖废水中各水质指标去除率为:总氨氮66.7%,亚硝酸盐80.0%,化学需氧量12.5%,浊度69.1%,硝酸盐-12.1%,总氮3.5%,总磷0.0%。养殖池水质状况良好。在试验负载范围内,湿地对总氨氮、亚硝酸盐、浊度的去除量随进水污染负载量的增加而增加。研究表明:人工湿地能持续有效降低哈氏仿对虾养殖废水中的主要水质因子浓度。     

Plant growth and the performance of mangrove wetland microcosms for mariculture effluent depuration

This study established wetland microcosms that were either unplanted or planted in monoculture with native mangrove species in Taiwan (Avicennia marina, Rhizophora stylosa, and Lumnitzera racemosa) for the purpose of receiving high-salinity mariculture effluents; additionally, the microcosms operated at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Plant growth and the performance of the microcosms with respect to pollutant removal were investigated. The results showed that seedlings of all three mangrove species survived and grew sufficiently well under continuous flooding. The presence of mangroves consistently improved SS, BOD₅, and TP removal, particularly under short HRT conditions. The mangrove microcosms removed pollutants from the mariculture effluents with efficiencies of 5.7-27.1% (SS), 4.9-36.3% (BOD₅), 18.7-29.9% (TP), 21.2-49.8% (NH₄-N), and 5.4-37.7% (NO_x-N). A. marina and L. racemosa were more tolerant of continuous flooding than R. stylosa. However, no species displayed consistently superior performance in decreasing all pollutant-related parameters investigated. For all pollutants, microcosms operating at a 2-d HRT exhibited a higher removal efficiency than those operating at a 0.5-d HRT.     

Sonochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

This study presents the influence of the addition of additives such as activated carbon, carbon tetra chloride, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium dichromate on ultrasonic reduction of pharmaceutical wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD) under laboratory conditions. The addition of activated carbon increased the % COD reduction whereas the combined addition of activated carbon and H₂O₂/CCl₄/K₂Cr₂O₇ was found to show higher reduction. Among the various combinations investigated, the combined addition of activated carbon and CCl₄ was found to be the best combination. However, the environmental and health problems associated with these chemicals limit the applicability of the process in an industrial level. Further investigation with this system showed that the initial pH and initial COD have significant influence on the removal rate. The data obtained were fitted with first order and Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic models. The values of the rate constants obtained indicated that the pharmaceutical wastewater can be treated efficiently by the proposed methods.