A numerical study on local characteristics of predetermined irregular wave trains

In actual sea states, damage to offshore floating structures is usually caused by a few extreme waves or wave groups in an irregular wave train. Accurate simulation of the irregular wave trains can lay a solid foundation for understanding the local flow field and impact loads that would potentially cause such damage. This paper describes how the generation of a single extreme wave was investigated. Determination of the wave-maker motion for generating specified irregular wave trains is the key to this work. First, an experimental irregular wave train was decomposed into a certain number of small-amplitude waves. Fourier series expansion was performed to determine the amplitude and the initial phase angle of each wave component. Then a hydrodynamic transfer function was used to calculate the amplitude of the wave-maker motion associated with each wave component. Superposition was made on all the wave components to get the final wave-maker motion. During the numerical simulation, calculated horizontal velocity profiles of the extreme wave at different moments were analyzed and compared with experimental results, and a satisfactory agreement was obtained. In the simulation, VOF method was employed to capture the free surface, and a dissipation zone was used to deal with wave reflection.     

塔河油田AT9井区丛式井钻井实践与认识

为了解决塔河油田环保要求高、征地难度大、开发管理不便等难题, AT9井区首次采用丛式井钻井技术对碎屑岩油藏进行综合开发部署。针对AT9井区地质工程难点及丛式井直井段防碰的特殊要求,对井位选址、平台布局、井眼轨道及井身结构进行优化设计。详细介绍了钻井过程中采用的MWD随钻监测防碰、PDC＋直螺杆复合钻井、钻井液等关键钻井技术,分析了丛式井组的技术合理性和开发经济性,验证了丛式井钻井技术在AT9井区的适用性,为塔河油田的经济高效开发进行了有效的探索。     

浅薄含水层水源热泵井群设计方案研究

以某地下水源热泵系统工程为例,依据实测渗水试验及抽水一回灌试验数据,建立研究区地下水流数值模拟模型,分析了该地区适宜的井群布置方式及井间距,并定量研究了该布置方式下对地下水流场的影响,为该地区浅薄含水层地温能资源的开发利用提供技术支撑。结果表明：该类浅薄含水层地温能开发利用井群布置方式中,抽水井布设在地下水流场的下游、回灌井布设在地下水流场的上游更为适宜,合理井间距确定为110m;在适宜井间距条件下,对水位最大影响范围约为6．50km2,温度变幅大于1℃的最大范围约为0．28km2。     

保德区块煤层气丛式井快速钻井技术研究

保德区块位于鄂尔多斯盆地东缘,构造位置属于晋西褶曲带北段。该区块地层岩性以泥岩和砂岩为主,岩石硬度高,可钻性较差,钻井速度慢。由于煤层气开发具有低产多井的特点,随着保德区块大规模产能建设启动,对钻井进度提出了很高的要求,因此需要研究丛式井快速钻井技术。依据保德区块的地层条件,分析测井资料,从钻头选型、钻具组合、钻井液性能和施工工艺几个方面出发,研究保德区块快速钻井技术。通过理论研究和现场试验,提出了一套适合保德区块丛式井施工的钻井工艺技术,为保德区块煤层气大规模开发奠定良好的技术基础。     

关于测量大口径HDD环空泥浆固结特性新方法的研究

水平定向钻进（HofizontNDirecfionl Drilling,简称HDD）是采用安装于地表的钻孔设备。对于大直径管道来说,工程竣工后在钻孔和管道之间要留下300mm-400mm的环状间隙。要对泥浆固结后进行应力应变的分析,前提是要知道环空泥浆的固结时间。而传统测量环空泥浆的固结时间的方法存在着很多问题与缺陷,这也导致了时间检测上面误差较大,从而耽误了研究泥浆固结后受力分析的最佳时间。因此,弄清泥浆固结时间的变化规律非常必要,而目前国内在判定泥浆固结时间的方法上仍处于空白阶段。针对这一状况．本人设计采用两种方法进行固结时间的判定,通过湿度传感器测量环空泥浆间隙的水蒸气含量进行泥浆固结时间的判定。     

湖南株洲湾塘地区地热勘查定井探讨

基岩山区地热形成必须具备“储、盖、通、源、滞”五大基本要素,以湖南株洲湾塘地区地热成因为例,说明怎样利用地热勘查手段来分析论证株洲湾塘地区地热形成的五大要素,建立热储概念模型,确定地热井位置。为提高地热钻探成井率,在基岩山区钻探施工时,建议使用气举反循环清水钻进工艺。     

大跨度连续梁CPⅢ点平面坐标修正方法探讨

使用大跨度连续梁上CPⅢ平面坐标时,应尽量与CPⅢ测量时环境条件一致。要满足环境条件尽量一致难以实现,为此需要探讨大跨度连续梁上CPⅢ点平面坐标受环境影响变化的规律,建立大跨度连续梁上CPⅢ点平面坐标受环境影响变化的数学模型,对平面坐标进行修正,从而减少测量次数。     

Geostatistical modelling of spatial uncertainty using p -field simulation with conditional probability fields

This paper presents a variant of p-field simulation that allows generation of spatial realizations through sampling of a set of conditional probability distribution functions (ccdf) by sets of probability values, called p-fields. Whereas in the common implementation of the algorithm the p-fields are nonconditional realizations of random functions with uniform marginal distributions, they are here conditional to 0.5 probability values at data locations, which entails a preferential sampling of the central part of the ccdf around these locations. The approach is illustrated using a randomly sampled (200 observations of the NIR channel) SPOT scene of a semi-deciduous tropical forest. Results indicate that the use of conditional probability fields improves the reproduction of statistics such as histogram and semivariogram, while yielding more accurate predictions of reflectance values than the common p-field implementation or the more CPU-intensive sequential indicator simulation. Pixel values are then classified as forest or savannah depending on whether the simulated reflectance value exceeds a given threshold value. In this case study, the proposed approach leads to a more precise and accurate prediction of the size of contiguous areas covered by savannah than the two other simulation algorithms.     

非开挖导向钻进技术在浅层低渗透性含水层地下水开采中应用浅析

水平水井是开采浅层低渗透性含水层地下水的有效方法,水平水井施工工艺包括钻进、扩孔、井管安装、填砾、洗井等步骤。本文对导向钻进铺管技术在浅层低渗透性含水层地下水开采中的工艺进行了详细探讨。     

水平定向钻进在边坡坡体排水中的应用

边坡稳定受许多的因素影响,在很多时候,如何有效地排除坡体水是成功治理边坡的关键。水平钻孔排水作为边坡处治的一种常见排水措施,具有许多优点。而采用水平定向钻孔技术能克服传统施工工艺的不足,是值得推广的一种施工工艺。本文分析了影响水平孔稳定的一些因素,并提出了解决问题的一些办法。