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61.
为解决三杯风速传感器在计量检定条件下与观测场景中环境差异所导致的测量数据误差,致力于研究空气流速计量标准在量值传递过程中的真实性、准确性和一致性,为新一代三杯风速传感器作为计量器具的新产品型式评价提供思路和参考指标,依据杯式测风仪测量方法与自动气象站风速风向传感器检定规程,并在实验中加入了主体由角度编码器构成的自动化转盘系统,设计了三杯风速传感器在非水平风场内测量性能水平实验。通过调整三杯风速传感器在风洞试验段内的倾斜角度,模拟其在自然界非水平风场中的测量状态,同步采集风洞的标准指示风速、三杯风速传感器的实测风速以及其相应的倾斜角度,计算示值误差,利用方差分析、趋势分析、相关性分析和线性回归分析等统计方法,对不同倾斜角度下三杯风速传感器示值误差进行研究,得出了三杯风速传感器在风洞试验段内的示值误差与实测风速和倾斜角度之间的相关关系,提出了三杯风速传感器在非水平风场下的测量性能指标。研究了三杯风速传感器在非水平风场中实测风速与标准风速和倾斜角度的回归关系,提出了三杯风速传感器在计量环境下非水平风场中数据的量值传递修正算法。 相似文献
62.
在高密度养殖条件下,进行单因素随机设计动物试验.用5种饲料(蛋白质水平31%、35%、39%、43%、47%,以A~E组表示)分别投喂平均体质量6.2 g+0.2 g、平均养殖密度3.1 kg/m3的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei),探寻蛋白质营养对虾生长、免疫、水质、抗胁迫的影响特征.结果表明:(1)中高蛋白质水平具有显著促进对虾生长的效果,随着蛋白水平的提高,特定生长率先增加后降低,饲料系数正好相反,D组两指标最佳,分另q为110.98%和2.54;C、D、E组差异不显著.(2)中高蛋白质水平有利于提高对虾多数免疫指标的活力,血淋巴中血细胞浓度、T-AOC活力、POD活力、总蛋白含量、白蛋白、血蓝蛋白含量,随着蛋白质水平提高先增加后降低,前5指标含量均以D组最高,比A组显著提高16.8%~33.9%;而血蓝蛋白含量C组最高,比A组提高15.0%.(3)高蛋白质水平有利于提高对虾SOD活力,也显著增强抗低盐胁迫的能力,但同时极显著加大了水环境中氨氮和亚硝氮的污染.(4)在我国北方集约化高密度养殖条件下,凡纳滨对虾中后期生长阶段适宜的饲料蛋白质营养水平为39%~43%. 相似文献
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64.
西南地区山区机场因复杂的地质、地形及净空条件,导致出现大量的挖填量巨大、填料极为复杂、施工条件恶劣等工程难度巨大的高填方机场,对这类典型案例进行分析总结对类似工程具有很大的借鉴意义。本文以西南某高填方机场为例,系统地分析了边坡出现裂缝的原因,经过理论分析提出了坡脚反压、铺设土工材料、边坡下部设置抗滑桩、改造排水系统及增设仰斜排水孔的治理措施,治理后超过1.5a的监测资料表明上述措施大幅地减小了边坡变形速率,工程措施可靠有效。本文对机场高填方边坡变形原因的探讨、理论计算方法及治理措施对类似工程具有较大的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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A statistical analysis of the peak acceleration demands for nonstructural components (NSCs) supported on a variety of stiff and flexible inelastic regular moment‐resisting frame structures with periods from 0.3 to 3.0 s exposed to 40 far‐field ground motions is presented. Peak component acceleration (PCA) demands were quantified based on the floor response spectrum (FRS) method without considering dynamic interaction effects. This study evaluated the main factors that influence the amplification or decrease of FRS values caused by inelasticity in the primary structure in three distinct spectral regions namely long‐period, fundamental‐period, and short‐period region. The amplification or decrease of peak elastic acceleration demands depends on the location of the NSC in the supporting structure, periods of the component and building, damping ratio of the component, and level of inelasticity of the supporting structure. While FRS values at the initial modal periods of the supporting structure are reduced due to inelastic action in the primary structure, the region between the modal periods experiences an increase in PCA demands. A parameter denoted as acceleration response modification factor (Racc) was proposed to quantify this reduction/increase in PCA demands. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
68.
Modelling peak accelerations from earthquakes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper deals with the prediction of peak horizontal accelerations with emphasis on seismic risk and insurance concerns. Non‐linear mixed effects models are used to analyse well‐known earthquake data and the consequences of mis‐specifying assumptions on the error term are quantified. A robust fit of the usual model, using recently developed robust weighted maximum likelihood estimators, is presented. Outlying data are automatically identified and subsequently investigated. A more appropriate model accounting for the extreme value nature of the responses, is also developed and implemented. The implication on acceleration predictions is demonstrated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
69.
This paper outlines the application of a new data‐based mechanistic (DBM) modelling methodology to the characterization of the sediment transmission dynamics in a small upland reservoir, Wyresdale Park, Lancashire. The DBM modelling strategy exploits advanced statistical procedures to infer the dynamic model structure and its associated parameters directly from the instrumented data, producing a parametrically efficient, continuous time, transfer function model which relates suspended sediment load at the reservoir inflow to the outflow at the event scale. The associated differential equation model parameters have physical attributes which can be interpreted in terms of sediment transmission processes and associated reservoir trap efficiency. Sedigraph analysis suggests that wind‐induced resuspension episodically supplies an additional load to the reservoir outlet. The stochastic nature of the DBM model makes it ideal for evaluating the effects of uncertainty through Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) for discharge and sediment transmission. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
Assessing Natural and Cultural Determinants of Urban Forest Quality in Nanjing (China) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《自然地理学》2013,34(5):455-473
This study assessed underlying natural and cultural determinants of tree health and ways to improve urban forest performance in compact Nanjing city. Two groups of factors were investigated: (1) habitat conditions, including planting site, ground-cover, land cover, and district; and (2) tree traits, including species provenance and seasonality, and tree dimensions. A stratified sampling strategy selected 6351 trees for detailed assessment. The data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regressions. Institutional, park-garden and industrial trees with more open-space sites with vegetated ground-cover performed better than roadside and residential ones. Poor trees in confined residential sites deviated from those in other cities. Park-garden sites did not always nurture meritorious, large and diversified trees. District differentiation in tree performance was related to land cover. Exotic and evergreen species grew better than indigenous and deciduous, offering hints on species-habitat matching. Detailed field and statistical analyses could yield tree-environment information to enhance urban forestry research and management. 相似文献