Flow-induced vibration analysis of elastic propellers in a cyclic inflow: An experimental and numerical study

In this paper, the flow-induced vibrations of marine propellers in cyclic inflows are investigated both experimentally and numerically. A Laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system is used to measure the axial flow velocity distributions produced by the seven-cycle wake screen in the water tunnel. A customized underwater slip ring and a single axis accelerometer sealed by silicon sealant are employed to measure the acceleration responses of rotating propeller blade. Numerical simulations of pressure fluctuations on the blades are performed using large eddy simulation (LES), while the forced vibrations of the propeller blades are obtained by a combined finite element and boundary element method. Experimental and numerical results are presented for two model propellers with the same geometries and different flexible properties, which show that the propeller blade vibrates at a frequency which is seven times as large as the axial passing frequency (APF) in the seven-cycle inflow. Moreover, the propeller blades are observed to resonance when the 7 APF excitation frequency is equal to the fundamental frequency of the propellers. The results indicate that both the inflow feature and the modal characteristic of blades contribute to flow-induced vibrations of elastic propellers.     

基于CART模型的鄱阳湖草滩苔草分布与水位波动要素关系

水位波动对鄱阳湖草滩湿地的形成与分布至关重要,但不同要素对湿地植物种的具体影响不尽相同.本研究以湿地优势植被苔草群落为研究对象,通过环湖区样带设置和植被调查得到较大尺度上的苔草分布数据,以不同水文站水文数据结合湖区DEM插值得出各样点水位波动要素数据：年内最大水位差R,年内淹没出露频次F,年平均水位M,最长淹没的出露日期D,年内总出露时间T,用CART模型进行分析.结果表明：1）影响鄱阳湖区草滩湿地苔草群落分布的最直接的水位波动要素为T和R;2）年内总出露时间大于84天（T ≥ 4.619）,年极差水位大于11.3 m（R ≥ 10.41）时,苔草群落的综合分布情况最佳.进一步探讨认为：其他水位波动要素未能被CART模型选为分类依据,可能是因为彼此之间存在相关性;高程决定植被分布,实际上是多种水位波动要素综合影响的结果,精度要求不高时,可以用高程替代水位波动各要素进行简略分析.本研究相关结论可以为鄱阳湖控湖工程今后的运行,提供一定的参考,以维持草滩湿地生态系统的稳定,更好地实现其生态价值.     

Trends in Temperature Extremes in Association with Weather-Intraseasonal Fluctuations in Eastern China

Trends in the frequencies of four temperature extremes (the occurrence of warm days, cold days, warm nights and cold nights) with respect to a modulated annual cycle (MAC), and those associated exclusively with weather-intraseasonal fluctuations (WIF) in eastern China were investigated based on an updated homogenized daily maximum and minimum temperature dataset for 1960–2008. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) method was used to isolate the WIF, MAC, and longer-term components from the temperature series. The annual, winter and summer occurrences of warm (cold) nights were found to have increased (decreased) significantly almost everywhere, while those of warm (cold) days have increased (decreased) in northern China (north of 40°N). However, the four temperature extremes associated exclusively with WIF for winter have decreased almost everywhere, while those for summer have decreased in the north but increased in the south. These characteristics agree with changes in the amplitude of WIF. In particular, winter WIF of maximum temperature tended to weaken almost everywhere, especially in eastern coastal areas (by 10%–20%); summer WIF tended to intensify in southern China by 10%–20%. It is notable that in northern China, the occurrence of warm days has increased, even where that associated with WIF has decreased significantly. This suggests that the recent increasing frequency of warm extremes is due to a considerable rise in the mean temperature level, which surpasses the effect of the weakening weather fluctuations in northern China.     

“05．8”十堰大暴雨的数值模拟与诊断分析

使用NCEP 1°×1°6h再分析格点资料和气象台站实测降水资料,采用WRF中尺度数值模式,对2005年8月14日20时至15日08时发生在十堰市的一次大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟与诊断分析,并着重分析了大暴雨的成因。结果表明：此次大暴雨是在西太平洋副热带高压、中高纬西风槽合理配置以及稳定有利的环流形势下发生的,同时与台风低压活动关系密切;东南风急流将低纬度地区暖湿气流输送到高纬度地区,使台风低压长时间维持,为强降水发生发展提供了水汽来源;低层辐合、高层辐散的配置有利于对流发展和低层水汽向高空输送;螺旋度正值中心的出现对未来3h强降水出现有一定的预示作用,螺旋度正值对暴雨落区有较好的指示性,主要暴雨区出现在螺旋度正值中心前方。     

Helicity as a Method for Forecasting Severe Weather Events

This paper introduces a method for forecasting severe weather which is yieded by integrating helicity as a dynamical parameter with K and TOT indexes as thermal parameters.The results of operational tests for two years ure detailed.And the seasonal suitability of the method applications is discussed as well.     

Record of climatic change in neritic carbonates: turnover in biogenic associations and depositional modes (Late Miocene,southern Spain)

In order to evaluate the geological record of climatic change in neritic carbonates, we studied Late Miocene rock outcrops in southern Spain. Six episodes of reef growth are documented (Burdigalian to Messinian) in Neogene basins of the Betic Cordillera, which were located close to the margin of the global reef belt. The reefs are characterized by various zooxanthellate corals which decrease in diversity with time, andHalimeda; the youngest reefs of the latest Messinian are characterized by the dominance of the genusPorites. Late Miocene coral reefs and reef-rimmed platforms alternate over time with non-reefal carbonate ramps characterized by skeletal calcirudites or with gypsum such as that formed during the Messinian salinity crisis. The calcirudites lack reef corals, calcified green algae and extensive marine cement, but exhibit skeletal components described from both modern and fossil nontropical carbonates. These include bryozoans, mollusks, foraminifers, echinoderms and minor balanids, as well as coralline algae of a bryomol association. The presence of some larger foraminifers indicates high temperatures, close to the lower temperature threshold of the reef assemblage. Sea level lowstands and highstands are documented by wedges of bryomol carbonate and chlorozoan patch reefs or prograding platforms. Thus, temperate climate depositional modes correspond to relatively low sea levels, and warm-water modes to high sea levels. The Neogene infill of the Agua Amarga and Sorbas basins documents two of these cycles. Other climate/sea-level cycles (including Messinian gypsum in the cool water depositional mode) are well established in adjacent Neogene basins in southern Spain. This type of composite sequence seems to occur only along the margin of the global reef belt and indicates an oscillatory latitudinal movement of the margin, which is associated with global climatic change. The analysis of turnover in neritic depositional carbonate systems may therefore be considered a sensitive tool for reconstructing climatic change from the fossil record. However, warm-water modes and temperate-water modes of carbonate sedimentation and diagenesis differ significantly. For this reason the interpretation of composite system sequences by sequence stratigraphy requires an extended concept. The particular type of mixed bryomolchlorozoan depositional sequence also bears some potential for drowning, because sea level rise may be faster than the net production rate of temperate carbonate systems.     

Thermodynamical analysis of acoustic Schwarzschild black hole

In this paper, we analyze the thermodynamic properties of acoustic Schwarzschild black holes with its parameter. The study is conducted in the extended phase space displaying the phase transition. This phase transition is examined through Gibbs free energy, specific heat, and heat capacity. Later, we discuss the thermal stability of acoustic black holes through Hawking temperature by identifying their stable and unstable regions. We calculate the corrected entropy to examine the thermal fluctuations. Through the corrected entropy we observe that there is no fluctuation in the case of small black holes. We also discuss the energy emission process from acoustic black holes. Moreover, we employ the generalized uncertainty principle to obtain a modified Lagrangian equation. We analyze the tunneling and Hawking temperature of the acoustic Schwarzschild black hole after solving the field equations.