逆时偏移中的归一化加权互相关成像条件及应用

成像条件是决定声波方程叠前逆时深度偏移效果的重要因素。常规的归一化互相关成像条件能补偿深部地层的反射波能量,但无法压制地震波逆时偏移过程中产生的偏移噪声。针对归一化互相关成像条件的主要缺陷,从二维声波方程出发,在交错网格空间中推导了声波方程逆时延拓的高阶有限差分格式和PML吸收边界条件,进而在对常规互相关成像条件分析的基础上对其进行改进,给出了一种加权互相关成像条件,即在成像过程中利用炮检波场的夹角进行加权校正,以实现只利用炮点下行波场与接收点上行波场进行成像的目标。模型数据和实测资料偏移结果表明,归一化加权互相关成像条件成像效果明显优于常规归一化互相关成像条件。     

基于裂步Fourier法的探地雷达数值模拟及偏移成像

从电磁场基本理论出发,利用裂步Fourier法推导出了水平层状介质中频率—波数域电场分量的波场外推公式,通过对设计的钢筋展布模型和衬砌厚度模型的数值模拟和偏移成像结果分析可以得出:裂步Fourier法不但可以实现二维非均匀介质中探地雷达正演模拟及偏移成像,而且具有编程易于实现、计算量小的优点。通过工程实例验证,进一步说明了裂步Fourier法偏移成像的有效性和实用性。     

Multi-frequency synthetic-aperture imaging with a lightweight ground penetrating radar system

The detection of buried objects, particularly hazardous waste containers and unexploded ordnance (UXO), has gained significant interest in the Unites States in the late 1990s. The desire to remediate the thousands of sites worldwide has become an increasing concern and the application of radar to this problem has received renewed attention. The US Department of Energy's Special Technologies Laboratory (STL), operated by Bechtel Nevada, has developed several frequency-modulated, continuous-wave (FM-CW) ground penetrating radar (GPR) units. To meet technical requirements for higher-resolution data, STL and the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) is investigating advanced GPR hardware, signal processing, and synthetic-aperture imaging with the development of an innovative system. The goal is to design and fabricate a lightweight, battery-operated unit that does not require surface contact, can be operated by a novice user, and can achieve improved resolution. The latter is accomplished by using synthetic-aperture imaging, which forms the subsurface images by fully utilizing the data sequences collectively along a scan path. We also present the backward propagation algorithm as the basic structure of the multiple-frequency tomographic imaging technique, and the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) method which can be described as a degenerated case of the model where the computation procedure is approximated under the narrow-beam assumption.     

The M 4 Core Project with HST: I. Overview and first epoch

We present an overview of the ongoing Hubble Space Telescope large program GO‐12911. The program is focused on the core of M 4, the nearest Galactic globular cluster, and the observations are designed to constrain the number of binaries with massive companions (black holes, neutron stars, or white dwarfs) by measuring the “wobble” of the luminous (mainsequence) companion around the center of mass of the pair, with an astrometric precision of ∼50 µas. The high spatial resolution and stable medium‐band PSFs of WFC3/UVIS will make these measurements possible. In this work we describe (i) the motivation behind this study, (ii) our observing strategy, (iii) the many other investigations enabled by this unique data set, and which of those our team is conducting, and (iv) a preliminary reduction of the first‐epoch dataset collected on 2012 October 10. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

基于多级次流动单元的砂砾岩储层分类渗透率评价方法——以陆丰油田古近系文昌组W53油藏为例

中国南海东部海域陆丰油田古近系文昌组砂砾岩储层具有岩性复杂、孔隙度低、孔隙结构非均质性较强等特征.不同类型储层渗流特征差异明显,传统的孔渗模型精度难以满足生产开发需要.流动单元能有效刻画储层内部渗流特征,但单纯依据流动单元指标进行流动单元划分就会出现错划的现象.文昌组储层非均质性由宏观到微观具有层次性,综合地质、测井、...     

山西夏县中心地震台大地电场测量电极故障分析与排除

通过分析山西夏县中心地震台地电场观测资料,找出观测过程中有关测量电极存在的故障现象,提出较为可行的检测方法及改进措施,对提高观测数据质量有着重要的意义。     

山东地区地电场和地磁场观测数据对比分析研究

介绍了山东地区同时拥有地电场和地磁场观测的5 个电磁台站的基本概况,选取了各台2011 年度的观测数据,并对其观测资料质量进行了简要评价。重点对5 个台站的地电场和地磁场观测数据进行了全面、系统的对比分析,探寻了地电场、地磁场日变规律以及地电场、地磁场观测对各类干扰响应的区别与联系,为两种观测资料的分析处理提供了相互参考、相互借鉴的依据。     

河源台地电专用电源和外线路故障查修方法

对C-ATS地电仪专用观测电源的原理和特点进行了简要介绍,并对其供电电源和外线路故障的查修方法作了较详细的阐述,列举故障实例,逐一说明检查维修过程.最后指出地电台站工作人员掌握一定的故障排查维护经验非常必要,对仪器的安全运行,及其产出数据的可靠性和连续性都有积极意义.     

新桥建设后钱塘江海塘安全隐患探测与分析

钱塘江某公铁两用大桥上游约20 m处新建了一座铁路桥.如何评价新桥建设后的海塘内部质量现状,是否存在空洞等缺陷隐患,工程各方既重视又感困惑.本文在分析工程结构、新桥施工活动、堤身和堤基介质特点以及现有技术状况的基础上,采用了探地雷达、地震映像和瑞雷波法等探测方法.根据探测资料并结合海塘结构、地基特点及施工和运行中的具体情况,分析提出了铁路新桥建设后存在的可能对海塘安全运行有影响的堤身和堤基内部重点介质异常及潜在隐患.