Transformation from Cartesian to Geodetic Coordinates Accelerated by Halley’s Method

By using Halley’s third-order formula to find the root of a non-linear equation, we develop a new iterative procedure to solve an irrational form of the “latitude equation”, the equation to determine the geodetic latitude for given Cartesian coordinates. With a limit to one iteration, starting from zero height, and minimizing the number of divisions by means of the rational form representation of Halley’s formula, we obtain a new non-iterative method to transform Cartesian coordinates to geodetic ones. The new method is sufficiently precise in the sense that the maximum error of the latitude and the relative height is less than 6 micro-arcseconds for the range of height, −10 km ≤ h ≤ 30,000 km. The new method is around 50% faster than our previous method, roughly twice as fast as the well-known Bowring’s method, and much faster than the recently developed methods of Borkowski, Laskowski, Lin and Wang, Jones, Pollard, and Vermeille.     

Analyses and Solutions of Errors on GPS／GLONASS Positioning

This paper focuses mainly on the major errors and their reduction approaches pertaining to combined GPS/GLONASS positioning.To determine thd difference in the time reference systems,different receiver clock offsets are introduced with respect to GPS and GLONASS system time.A more desirable method for introducing a independent unknown parameter of fifth receiver,which can be canceled out when forming difference measurements,is discussed.The error of orbit integration and the error of transformation parameters are addressed in detail.Results of numerical integration are give.To deal with the influence of ionospheric delay,a method for forming dual-frequency ionospheric free carrier phase measurements is detailed.     

广义付里叶变换及其在磁共振成像中的应用

许多共振成像（ＭＲＩ）的应用,要求人体组织磁化强度的空间分布Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换的幅度和相位的精确分离,及利用正交双通道采集时间和空间高分辨图象序列。在传统的基于Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换的成象方法中,图象序列从一帧空间编码独立地重建得到,因此给定空间分辨率的情况下,每帧空间编码的数量限制了图象序列的时间分辨力;又常通过牺牲空间分辨率来提高图象序列的空间分辨录。由于传统Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换的核函数是线性相位,若变换ＭＲＩ技术必须很好地满足主磁场均匀性和梯度场线性的条件,因此传统Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换成象方法对临床应用中常出现ＭＲ信号相位失真极为敏感。本文提出：利用主磁场中组织的磁化强度不变,能很好消除图象的相位失真。     

带约束条件的DLT解法

从直接线性变换 (DL T)的基本原理出发 ,分析了 DL T一般解法中存在的缺陷 ,提出了附加两个条件的 DLT解算方法的数学模型 ,并通过实验验证了其正确性和可行性     

小波变换在SAR与TM图像的IHS变换复合方法中的应用

提出了一种改进的 IHS变换复合方法 ,即将小波变换与 IHS变换相结合的方法。它先将 SAR与 I进行小波融合 ,然后将融合数据代替 IHS反变换中的 I,最后进行 IHS反变换。文中对比分析了 4种复合方法 ,并且用熵、联合熵及平均梯度进行了定量评价。     

顾及可靠性与精度的近景摄影测量控制点优化设计

对非量测用摄影机所摄影像的解析处理 ,控制点起着不可缺少的桥梁作用 ,控制点的数量和分布形式将直接影响平差结果的可靠性和精度。文中利用手持式 1 2 0普通相机 ,从可靠性和精度上 ,就基于直接线性变换算法中 ,对控制点的优化设计问题进行了实验分析 ,得出了有意义的结论。     

TRANSFORMATION OF AIRFLOW PASSING THROUGH WATERS

In this paper a model, simulating the transformation of airflow passing through waters, ispresented and examined by the data observed over the Dazong Lake in Xinghua County of JiangsuProvince. Calculation results show that the theoretical transformations of airflow are in goodagreement with observations.     

震源物理实验室“八五”技术改造

由国家地震局地球物理研究所承担的“ＭＴＳ－１００Ｔ伺服试验机改造”课题,对震源物理实验室进行了实验系统改造。该文简要介绍了该课题所完成的主要工作及其应用情况,包括：ＭＴＳ－１００Ｔ伺服试验机控制系统、１６通道高速数据采集系统、激光散斑图干涉仪。     

紧支小波变换算法实现及边界点处理

本文讨论了紧支小波变换的具体实现方法,并对其边界点进行了合理的处理,使得对信号的分解和重构具有很高的保真度。     

Transformation of a border region: dispersed agricultural communities in Brasov County, Romania

A most distinctive feature of the settlement pattern of the Brasov area is the extreme dispersal of mixed farming encountered in the western extreme of the county to the north and south of Zarnesti: the Bran and Poiana Marului areas. Here a system of peasant subsistence farming developed in a political borderland between the Habsburg and Ottoman Empires. Despite feudal pressures, the peasantry took all available opportunities to extend their independence including elaborate transhumance systems. And after seeing transfrontier commerce as a source of plunder, in the tradition of Balkan highway robbery within relatively unregulated spaces, the peasantry has profited through employment in factories, particularly during the communist period. However, the current recession in manufacturing is throwing the rural population back on limited land resources. Although farming assumes an important subsistence role which contributes to stability, the long-term survival of these communities will depend on new sources of income. Rural tourism has considerable potential and a promising start has been made in Bran. There are, however, constraints on the further development of the business and great attention will have to be given to the conservation of the environment in both the Bucegi Mountains and the Piatra Craiului where national park status is proposed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.