娄底大建煤矿区逆冲断裂下找煤获得成功

根据物探、坑探工作以及隔挡式褶皱和逆冲推覆构造的特征,作者确定了大建煤矿区逆冲断裂下存在着隐状煤田,初步计算远储量达８千多万吨。     

基岩振动干扰下的动力滑坡机制研究

本文通过对边坡基底岩石振动因素的分析, 建立了单一滑面滑体受基底岩石强迫振动的模型, 采用非线性动力学方程描述滑体的变形规律, 分析了基底岩石振动过程中导致滑体移动的原因。指出在一个频带范围和力幅范围内, 基底的振动, 会引起潜在滑体位移突跳, 在滑面的法向方向上张开, 切向上错动而诱发滑坡。     

有源带通滤波器的设计、调试与应用

所述的有源带通滤波器是采用现代网络理论，通过查图表反复计算数值调试并利用多项式综合滤波器的设计理论得到的设计结果，从频率响应特性曲线和电路结构可见，它完全满足了设计时所提供的各项技术指标的要求。文中详细地讨论了由单元电路到全极点多反馈滤波网络电路设计时的理论根据，各支路参数实际的计算和调试方法。这种电路结构简单合理，调试和维修十分方便，代替了无源滤波器中的大型电感和电容，有利于设备小型化。     

Determination of the 3D structure of an earthflow by geophysical methods: The case of Super Sauze, in the French southern Alps

In order to evaluate the risk associated by an earthflow to abruptly evolve into a torrential flow, the knowledge of its internal structure is necessary. Geotechnical methods are important to reach this goal. However, because of the rough topography associated with earthflows, their surface heterogeneities, and the spatial variations of the thickness of the potentially moving mass, non-intrusive geophysical methods offer a very useful tool that complements traditional geotechnical methods. We report the results of a comprehensive study covering a 150 m by 200 m area of the Super Sauze earthflow. This earthflow developed in black marls in the southern French Alps. Shallow electrical conductivity investigations, derived using low frequency domain electromagnetics, maps hidden gullies and crests and lateral variations of the clay and the water content within the first 5 m below the ground surface. Electrical resistivity tomography allows to extrapolate this information down to 10 m below the ground surface along selected transects. The vertical structure of the earthflow, down to the substratum, is defined precisely thanks to joint inversion of DC and TDEM vertical soundings along one profile: the flowing upper layer and the position of the substratum are clearly evidenced. Combining this geophysical datasets with geotechnical tests and drill holes, we provide an estimate of both the location and the volume of the potentially most dangerous areas of the earthflow.     

调制模式和调制比在地震预报中的意义

本文系统而简略地介绍了调制模式和调制比在地震预报中的应用。它是把外因、震源区在临震前的不稳定性以及前兆显示有机地结合起来预报地震的。该预报思想和方法可操作性强，易于普及，并有一定的抗混沌效果。     

弹性介质中密度ρ与拉梅常数λ、μ的衍射层析成像方法研究

利用接收到的纵波信息，通过解纵波方程得到介质的密度和拉梅常数分布函数．首先，在频率波数域建立了描述入射纵波信号、接收纵波信号和介质三参数扰动量之间关系的积分方程．然后，建立了关于接收信号的各频率成份的方程组．经过正反傅氏变换求解此方程组即可得到介质三参数的分布函数．最后，就跨孔观测系统进行了数值模拟成像试验。结果表明方法有效．     

SV波斜入射时地铁车站-土-邻近地表框架结构动力相互作用分析

地震作用下地铁车站和邻近建筑间的动力相互作用问题已引起许多学者的关注和重视,然而斜入射地震波作用下的相互作用分析研究较少,有关规律仍不明确。为此建立基于黏弹性人工边界的地铁车站-土-地表框架结构整体动力分析有限元模型,围绕入射角、地上与地下结构间距、场地类别等因素,采用频域刚度矩阵自由场地震响应分析方法获得任意角度斜入射SV波作用下地铁车站-土-地表框架结构动力响应规律。研究结果表明,地表框架结构的存在会显著增大车站中柱轴力幅值,当地表框架结构与车站紧邻时,中柱轴力放大幅度最大为730%,放大效应会改变轴力随入射角的变化规律,总体上使车站中柱轴力在SV波垂直入射和超临界角10°左右入射时均具有相当的幅值;地表框架结构对地铁车站层间位移角的影响与场地条件密切相关,在较硬的场地（Ⅱ类场地）中,车站层间位移角放大幅度最大为74%,在较软的场地（Ⅳ类场地）中,车站层间位移角缩小幅度最大为30%;地铁车站的存在对地表框架结构层间位移角具有放大作用,总体上地铁车站与地表框架结构的距离越近,放大作用越明显,地表框架结构层间位移角放大幅度最大为52%。建议将0°入射和超临界角10°左右入射工况作为地上或地下结构地震响应分析的不利工况。     

基于改进NAD方法的频率域声波逆时偏移

逆时偏移成像具有高分辨率的特点,在频率域实施能提升偏移成像效率.数值求解波动方程是逆时偏移成像的关键环节,数值算法的优劣直接决定着偏移过程的计算效率与成像结果的质量.本文在频率域近似解析离散化（NAD）方法的基础上通过优化网格差分模板系数构造改进NAD方法,保证数值离散精度的同时可缓解阻抗矩阵的病态程度,以此提高频率域正演模拟的计算效率并将该方法运用于频率域声波逆时偏移.通过分别对凹陷模型、Sigsbee2B模型以及Marmousi模型进行偏移成像且与四阶标准NAD方法和四阶普通有限差分方法进行比较,改进NAD方法在压制数值频散与提高成像效率方面的优势得到了充分体现.

     

编码激励在岩石衰减(1/Q)检测中的应用

通过测量超声波衰减能够检测岩石强度,但超声信号的低信噪比特征一直是精确测量衰减的瓶颈.编码激励技术能够在不损失分辨率的情况下提高信噪比,因此成为超声检测岩石强度的关键.为了促进编码激励技术在实验室检测中的应用,我们系统研究了编码激励的原理和方法,通过数值和物理实验获得了该技术的使用条件.物理实验表明,编码激励技术能够抑...     

Non-stationary response of structures excited by random seismic processes with time variable frequency content

Seismic random processes are characterized by high non-stationarity and, in most cases, by a marked variability of frequency content. The hypothesis modeling seismic signal as a simple product of a stationary signal and a deterministic modulation function, consequently, is hardly ever applicable. Several mathematical models aimed at expressing the recorded process by means of a system of stationary random processes and deterministic amplitude and frequency modulations are proposed. Models oriented into the frequency domain with subsequent response analysis based on integral spectral resolution and models oriented into the time domain based on the multicomponent resolution are investigated. The resolution into individual components (non-stationary signals) is carried out by three methods. The resolution into intrinsic mode functions seems to possess the best characteristics and yields results almost not differing from the results obtained by stochastic simulation. An example of the seismic response of an existing bridge obtained by two older models and three variants of multicomponent resolution is given.