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矿井涌水水源判别的GRA-SDA耦合模型

选取矿井涌水水源判别中常用的灰色关联分析和逐步判别分析作为基础模型,分析了两者的优缺点及单独使用中存在的问题,提出耦合判别思路,设计了GRA-SDA耦合式水源判别模型。利用某矿区实际样本数据,选取Na++K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-共6组离子以及矿化度作为判别因子,对该模型进行实例验证。分析表明,该模型判别结果与实际情况吻合较好,与单独使用一种分析方法相比较,有效地提高了水源判别正确率。     

Sediment distribution patterns and related depositional environments in the Atchafalaya Bay,Louisiana

Abstract

Three sets of bottom sediment samples, totalling 563, were collected in the Atchafalaya Bay, Louisiana. Cluster analysis was applied to each set of data based on grain‐size distribution. Comparison between resulting clusters and depositional environments indicates that the results of cluster analysis are sedimentologically meaningful and environmentally significant. A follow‐up discriminant analysis shows the stability of the classification system. The system then, in turn, can be used to classify sediments from unknown sources in the study area.     

矿井底板破碎带温度场模型推导及模拟分析

为了研究矿井底板破碎带温度场对地下水的响应机制,运用热传导理论,结合数学物理方法,建立了垂向水流作用下岩体温度场模型和地下水、空气等多热源作用下岩体过余温度分布模型,并求出了相应模型的温度、温度梯度及过余温度解析解。结果表明：沿着地下水径流方向,起始段的岩体温度梯度值一般较小,而终止段的温度梯度值则一般较大;当温度梯度与地下水流动方向相反时,岩体温度梯度变化幅度较小;回采工作面接近含导水构造时,距离导水构造越近,同一时刻岩体过余温度增大越迅速,体现在温度曲线的曲率相应增大。在一定范围内,地下水对矿井岩体温度梯度及过余温度影响显著。     

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Groundwater Inrush Source Identification for a Multi‐aquifer System in a Coal Mine

Correct identification of water inrush sources is particularly important to prevent and control mine water disasters. Hydrochemical analysis, Fisher discriminant analysis, and geothermal verification analysis were used to identify and verify the water sources of the multi‐aquifer groundwater system in Gubei coal mine, Anhui Province, North China. Results show that hydrochemical water types of the Cenozoic top aquifer included HCO₃–Na+K–Ca, HCO₃–Na+K–Mg and HCO₃–Na+K, and this aquifer was easily distinguishable from other aquifers because of its low concentration of Na⁺+K⁺ and Cl^–. The Cenozoic middle and bottom aquifers, the Permian fissure aquifer, and the Taiyuan and Ordovician limestone aquifers were mainly characterized by the Cl–Na+K and SO₄–Cl‐Na+K or HCO₃–Cl–Na+K water types, and their hydrogeochemistries were similar. Therefore, water sources could not be identified via hydrochemical analysis. Fisher model was established based on the hydrogeochemical characteristics, and its discrimination rate was 89.19%. Fisher discrimination results were improved by combining them with the geothermal analysis results, and this combination increased the identification rate to 97.3 % and reasonably explained the reasons behind two water samples misjudgments. The methods described herein are also applicable to other mines with similar geological and hydrogeological conditions in North China.     

数学地质在激发极化法中的应用

激发极化法测得的四组参数ρ、ｈ、Ｊ和Ｄ，是判断煤矿采空区积水情况的重要依据。但在传统的资料处理过程中，作图量大，且异常特征不明显时又难以作了准确的判断。而数学地的聚类。而数字地质中聚类、判别分析方法，可以很好地解决这一难题。本文以实例介绍了这种方法的应用效果。     

Assessment of shallow landslide susceptibility by means of multivariate statistical techniques

Several multivariate statistical analyses have been performed to identify the most influential geological and geomorphological parameters on shallow landsliding and to quantify their relative contribution. A data set was first prepared including more than 30 attributes of 230 failed and unfailed slopes. The performance of principal component analysis, t‐test and one‐way test, allowed a preliminary selection of the most significant variables, which were used as input variables for the discriminant analysis. The function obtained has classified successfully 88·5 per cent of the overall slope population and 95·6 per cent of the failed slopes. Slope gradient, watershed area and land‐use appeared as the most powerful discriminant factors. A landslide susceptibility map, based on the scores of the discriminant function, has been prepared for Ensija range in the Eastern Pyrenees. An index of relative landslide density shows that the results of the map are consistent. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bayes逐步判别分析法在煤矿瓦斯分区评价中的应用

瓦斯是影响煤矿安全生产的主要因素，本文探索了依据Bayes逐步判别分析法建立评价预测模型，进行矿区瓦斯地质条件分析评价的一般方法，并结合淮南潘三矿的具体数据资料，进行实际应用研究，通过该区瓦斯地质条件评价指标体系的构建和等性块段的划分，实现了该区瓦斯地质条件的分区评价，为制定煤矿开采方案和进行瓦斯防治提供了重要依据。     

应用两总体判别分析法对试油层位进行优选

把油水同层作为有利试油层位含油气性的下限，通过提取试油层位的4种地质参数，利用两总体判别分析法，建立有利试油层位和不利试油层位的判别函数，根据判别函数并结合测井解释资料对试油层位进行优选．