适用于袖珍计算机频率测深数字滤波方法

详细推导了电偶源频率测深单分量电场定义的视电阻率数字滤波计算公式,并且应用最小二乘法设计了只有30个系数的滤波器,编制出适用于袖珍计算机的视电阻率计算程序,使计算速度大为提高.与用均匀半空间的精确公式计算的视电阻率对比,最大相对误差<2%.     

卡尔曼滤波方法在天气预报中的应用

从气象应用角度介绍了卡尔曼滤波的基本原理及其递推算法。为了说明卡尔曼滤波递推算法的应用方法，制作了北京１９９３年１月份逐日最低气温３６小时预报。预报结果令人满意，表明该方法很有实用价值，与ＭＯＳ方法相比，它的优点是不需要收集大样本历史资料，因此，它容易适应数值预报模式的变化。     

利用多重滤波方法提取面波频散曲线

多重滤波方法已被证明在分析面波的频散特性时是一种有效而快速的方法。本文用单个台站的单次地震事件记录,应用MFT(Multiple Filter Technique)方法提取了内华达地区的面波频散曲线并分析了其特征,认为其具有大陆基振型瑞利波频散曲线的典型特征。还利用广义反透射系数法快速计算了瑞利面波频散曲线,尤其是基阶瑞利波相速度及群速度频散曲线;并且在由振型叠加方法合成的理论地震图的基础上,通过比较理论频散曲线和MFT方法得到的频散曲线,研究了多重滤波的可靠性。     

基于可重置联邦滤波器的水下运载体导航定位方法

单一导航系统无法满足水下运载体高精度、高可靠性的导航需求,文中根据常用水下导航系统的特点,提出基于可重置联邦滤波器的水下运载体导航定位方案,设计了以惯导系统(INS)为主参考系统,声学定位系统/深度计、多普勒计程仪(DVL)、罗经为子参考系统的联邦滤波器,并进行了仿真研究。结果表明文中设计的滤波器能有效融合各个传感器的导航信息,实现水下运载体高精度导航定位,并具有一定容错性。     

基于表层多次波数据的近道地震数据插值方法研究(英文)

本文提出基于原始含表层多次波数据实现叠前共炮集地震数据插值。相对于利用相邻道的信息变换或外推插值用于缺失的地震数据重建,本文方法利用表层多次波数据互相关构建准一次波,将蕴含在表层多次波数据中的,而在采集记录中表现为缺失的近炮检距信息提取出来,并在滑动时间空间窗内采用最小二乘匹配滤波和均方根振幅校正方法进行准一次波校正而后用于数据插值重建。本文方法适用于表层多次波比较发育,同时又存在数据缺失尤其是近炮检距数据缺失情况。方法易于实现,不需多次波和一次波的提取,利用多次波中蕴含的信息实现缺失的地震数据弥补,为含有表层多次波的数据进行近炮检距地震信息的插值重建提供了一个很好的思路。     

利用常规直剪试验评价非饱和黄土抗剪强度

为了研究一种简化的方法评价非饱和黄土抗剪强度,本文利用常规直剪仪对非饱和重塑黄土进行固结快剪试验,Whatman s No.42型滤纸测试固结前和剪切后土样吸力,研究同一正应力下初始吸力和剪后吸力的变化趋势及机理,并用非饱和直剪测试结果对常规直剪和滤纸法测得的吸力与强度进行了效验。研究表明,土-水特征曲线的进气值和残余值对固结前和剪切后干密度和吸力的变化起控制作用,获得初始吸力与剪后吸力的变化关系。基于Vanapalli模型,提出了利用土样初始土-水特征曲线、有效黏聚力和有效内摩擦角预测非饱和黄土抗剪强度的公式,研究结果简化了非饱和土强度测试方法,节约了时间,为非饱和土抗剪强度理论在工程实践中推广应用提供新思路。     

First evidence of fiberglass ingestion by a marine invertebrate (Mytilus galloprovincialis L.) in a N.W. Mediterranean estuary

Alfacs Bay is a N.W. Mediterranean estuary important for mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) aquaculture. During studies at the site, fiberglass particles were detected. The presence of fiberglass occurred naturally in the water throughout the study period (November 2006 to July 2007). An investigation was undertaken into its role in the feeding behavior of the local mussels. Fiberglass was present in all types of mussel samples. Rejection, which we would have expected for the whole study period, was only evident during the second season studied. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the ingestion of fiberglass by a marine organism. Our novel finding indicates the need to investigate fiberglass ingestion by marine organisms at different levels of the food web and the possible implications for human health and the health of the organisms themselves. In addition, we propose the use of mussels as sentinel organisms to monitor fiberglass contamination in marine ecosystems.     

城市污水地下回灌的试验研究

研究了应用SBR中试系统处理后的城市污水的深度处理工艺,并以地下回灌为目的,通过2个模拟土壤柱对比,分析了渗滤速度对地下回灌的影响,并讨论了土壤对氨氮的处理效果和在土壤中氮的迁移与转化。     

基于适应性观测误差和温盐偏差控制的EnKF温盐廓线资料同化试验

通过开展2008年夏季南海北部开放航次CTD的温盐廓线数据资料同化试验,本文采取了观测误差适应的方法来防止EnKF滤波发散问题;同时,从背景误差协方差和温盐模式偏差关系入手,在同化中引入温盐控制来减小模式偏差对同化结果的影响。对于改进的同化方案进行了试验验证,并用卫星高度计观测数据,OSCAR流速数据,走航ADCP数据作为独立观测数据检验。结果证明新的EnKF同化策略能够有效地减小温盐均方根误差。同时整个同化系统能有效地改善高度场和流场的模拟。     

The use of woods-run chips in filter socks to control erosion and sedimentation during petroleum development in the Appalachian Basin

Filter socks frequently are used for erosion and sediment perimeter control during oil and gas development activities in the Appalachian Basin of the United States. Regulations specify the use of composted wood material for sock construction. This specification, as opposed to non-composted or fresh wood chips (woods-run), has created inefficiencies during well site construction. Rather than use fresh wood chips created during site construction, composted chips must be procured and used as filter sock media for erosion and sedimentation mitigation. If woods-run chips could be used as filter sock media instead of composted chips, there could be a significant reduction in energy/capital costs, truck traffic, and disposal costs. The primary objective of this research project was to compare the effectiveness of woods-run material versus traditionally composted wood chips in controlling sediment transport as well as other chemical and physical parameters in a laboratory setting. No significant differences in pH (5.96 versus 6.02) or conductivity (0.029 dS/m versus 0.035 dS/m) were found in sediment laden water filtered through woods-run versus composted chips, respectively. However, chip particle sizes were outside the allowable limits for composted sock media, and moisture content also was outside the specified limits for woods-run chips. Nitrate (NO₃) concentrations were significantly higher in woods-run, while phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentrations were greater in composted chips; however none of the N,P, or K concentrations were above the regulatory requirements. Finally, no difference in the filtering efficiency or time was found between woods-run and composted material. The laboratory results indicate that current regulations allowing the use of woods-run chips in all but the highest quality watersheds is justified.