西秦岭北缘活断层带断层气的基本特征

通过对西秦岭北缘活断层带断层气活动基本特征的研究认为：本活断层带是本区地球排气的主要通道;在走滑断层拉分区,地球排放气体活动的强度与地震活动有密切的关系;本带东段断层排气活动比较强,西段断层排气活动比较北,并讨论了两形成差异的原因。     

河北矾山盆地北缘断层八营段的古地震重复模型

通过实测断错地貌面,开挖在探槽以及系统的地层年代采样,推断和揭露出矾出盆地北缘断层八营段９万年来总移量量为３４ｍ。经７．５万年来共发生过９次古位移事件。其中大探槽揭露的４次事件分别发生在距今：Ａ,２．８万年;Ｂ．１．４万年;Ｃ,０．７５万年和Ｄ,６５６年（？）左右。该段落古地震地重复模型分为两个阶段：９￣１．４万年间符合“时间可推测模型”;１．４万年来以来则为“位称衰减模型”。     

珠江三角洲及其邻近海域第四纪地质与地震危险性

从第四纪地质研究的角度分析了珠江三角洲地区的地震危险性,认为北东,近东西和北西向三组断裂带把整个珠江三角洲断陷分割成７个次一级断块,并根据控制各次级断块的断裂第四纪活动性的强弱。     

Géométrie et cinématique post-oligocène des failles d'Aix et de la moyenne Durance (Provence,France)

The southern termination of the left-lateral ‘Moyenne Durance’ Fault (FMD) consists in several segments, some being connected to WSW-trending south-verging reverse faults. To the south, the Aix fault is reactivated in a post-Oligocene strike-slip movement showing that these two faults might belong to the same system. This system seems to transfer, in turn, slip to the east-trending, south-verging Trévaresse reverse fault, allowing southward propagation of the Alpine deformation front in western Provence. Fault kinematics analysis shows lateral stress field change between the two faults. Strike-slip stress state is characterized by an average N150°E trending σ1 near the FMD termination, whilst strike-slip and reverse faulting stress states show north-trending ${\sigma }_1$ to the south. To cite this article: P. Guignard et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

The role of the Pernicana Fault System in the spreading of Mt. Etna (Italy) during the 2002–2003 eruption

Flank instability and collapse are observed at many volcanoes. Among these, Mt. Etna is characterized by the spreading of its eastern and southern flanks. The eastern spreading area is bordered to the north by the E–W-trending Pernicana Fault System (PFS). During the 2002–2003 Etna eruption, ground fracturing along the PFS migrated eastward from the NE Rift, to as far as the 18 km distant coastline. The deformation consisted of dextral en-echelon segments, with sinistral and normal kinematics. Both of these components of displacement were one order of magnitude larger (~1 m) in the western, previously known, portion of the PFS with respect to the newly surveyed (~9 km long) eastern section (~0.1 m). This eastern section is located along a pre-existing, but previously unknown, fault, where displaced man-made structures give overall slip rates (1–1.9 cm/year), only slightly lower than those calculated for the western portion (1.4–2.3 cm/year). After an initial rapid motion during the first days of the 2002–2003 eruption, movement of the western portion of the PFS decreased dramatically, while parts of the eastern portion continued to move. These data suggest a model of spreading of the eastern flank of Etna along the PFS, characterized by eruptions along the NE Rift, instantaneous, short-lived, meter-scale displacements along the western PFS and more long-lived centimeter-scale displacements along the eastern PFS. The surface deformation then migrated southwards, reactivating, one after the other, the NNW–SSE-trending Timpe and Trecastagni faults, with displacements of ~0.1 and ~0.04 m, respectively. These structures, along with the PFS, mark the boundaries of two adjacent blocks, moving at different times and rates. The new extent of the PFS and previous activity over its full length indicate that the sliding eastern flank extends well below the Ionian Sea. The clustering of seismic activity above 4 km b.s.l. during the eruption suggests a deep décollement for the moving mass. The collected data thus suggests a significant movement (volume >1,100 km³) of the eastern flank of Etna, both on-shore and off-shore.Editorial responsibility: R. Cioni     

断层带中超压流体及其在地震和成矿中的作用

地震断层带中的局部存在对其力学和化学过程有着重要影响的超压流体，对这种超压流本的证据。超压机制及其在地震活动和成矿中的作用等进行了探讨。流体超压是在断层带中渗透性的构造发生强烈时空变化的前提下产生的，其主要原因是构造加压及深源高压流体的注入，当流体压力升至一临界值时，断层发生灾难性破裂，即地震，增加断层的渗透性，超压流体快速向低压带（室或域）流动，同时因减压流体所携载水溶物各（包括成矿物质）大量沉淀析出，降低断层带的渗透性，地震泵吸和流体超压机制的交替作用使得这一过程得以周期性地进行。     

断裂构造研究的进展和趋势

Fault is the most important type of tectonics in the earth crust一lithosphere. It is the faults，is a dominant elements,SVhich construct regional tectonic architecture. Fault controlled not only the evolution and the transverse inhomogenity of regional tectonics,but also the laminary structure of the earth crust-lithosphere. Three kinds of faults(compressional fault，extensional fault and strike-slip fault) may be formed by three kinds of tectionic stress-fields in the earth crust. The fault might occur individually and combine to each other as well. The recent progress and the tendency of fault research are summarized in this paper from historical review and recent analysis of study in three type fault,in orderto undertand the orentation which must be held.     

Study of formation boundary and dip attribute extraction based on edge detection technology

In the seismic profile interpretation process,as the seismic data are big and the small geological fea-tures are difficult to identify,improvement of the efficiency is needed.In this study,structure tensor method in computer image edge detection processing is applied into the 2D seismic profile.Coherent attribute is used to extract formation edge.At the same time,extracting the eigenvalues and eigenvectors to calculate the seismic geometric properties which include dip and apparent dip,automatic identification is achieved.Testing the Gaussian kernel function with synthetic models and comparing the coherent attribute and dip attribute extraction results before and after,the conclusion that Gaussian filter can remove the random noise is obtained.     

Kinematic analysis and palaeoseismology of the Edremit Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone,Biga Peninsula,NW Turkey

The Edremit Fault Zone (EFZ) forms one of the southern segments of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) at the northern margin of the Edremit Gulf (Biga Peninsula, South Marmara Region, Turkey). Stratigraphic, structural and kinematic results indicate that basinward younging of the fault zone, in terms of a rolling-hinge mechanism, has resulted in at least three discrete Miocene to Holocene deformational phases: the oldest one (Phase 1) directly related to the inactive Kazda? Detachment Fault, which was formed under N–S trending pure extension; Phase 2 is characterised by a strike-slip stress condition, probably related to the progression of the NAFZ towards the Edremit area in the Plio–Quaternary; and Phase 3 is represented by the high-angle normal faulting, which is directly interrelated with the last movement of the EFZ. Our palaeoseismic studies on the EFZ revealed the occurrence of three past surface rupture events; the first one occurred before 13178 BC, a penultimate event that may correspond to either the 160 AD or 253 AD historical earthquakes, and the youngest one can be associated with the 6 October 1944 earthquake (M_w = 6.8). These palaeoseismic data indicate that there is no systematic earthquake recurrence period on the EFZ.