A 3D gravity data interpretation of the Matagami mining camp, Abitibi Subprovince, Superior Province, Québec, Canada: Application to VMS deposit exploration

Two inversions, unconstrained and constrained, of a gravity survey of the Matagami mining camp (Abitibi Archaean Subprovince, Canada) have been performed in order to identify the downward extension of a rhyolitic horizon hosting VMS-type base metals deposit and the morphologies of the major felsic plutons. A comparative study exhibits the similarities between measured and calculated densities from chemical compositions of the Matagami lithologies. This allows building an initial 3D geodensity model which integrates densities and available structural and geological surface mapping data. This model is integrated during the iteration process of the constrained inversion in the objective function. The resulting true density model and two derived cross-sections upgrade the 3D imaging of this area. Also, the model gives new insight for regional geological interpretation exposing possible shapes of the main geological units at depth and suggests the potential existence of deep fertile geological bodies.     

Relationship between garnet skarn and W mineralization: A case study from the Tongshankou Cu-Mo-W deposit,Daye, Hubei.SCIEI北大核心CSCD

石榴子石是矽卡岩型矿床的标志性矿物之一,其结构和成分特征被广泛用来示踪早期成矿流体性质的变化,但其生长过程与金属元素富集过程的关系还不清楚。本文对长江中下游成矿带最西端鄂东矿集区内的铜山口铜钼钨矿床中的石榴子石开展了显微结构和电子探针主量元素、LA-ICP-MS微量元素点分析和面扫描分析。结果显示,铜山口矿床中的石榴子石端元成分以钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石为主,普遍含有一定量的W,特别是在钙铁榴石端元比例高的石榴子石中(可达3898×10-6),且W与Mo、As、Sn存在明显的正相关关系、与Ti存在一定的负相关关系,指示W以类质同象的方式进入石榴子石晶格。石榴子石可包裹结构简单的白钨矿或被具复杂结构的白钨矿交代,指示石榴子石记录了白钨矿形成前和形成过程中流体性质(氧逸度和W含量等)的变化。铜山口矿床中钙铁榴石的大量结晶,导致成矿早期W的大量分散,不利于高品位和大规模钨矿的形成,仅在这些钙铁榴石遭受强烈的退化蚀变时,释放的W在一定程度能够提高矿石的品位,这可能是氧化性矽卡岩型钨矿通常比还原性矽卡岩型钨矿品位低、规模小的重要原因。石榴子石的成分特征(如W、Sn等元素含量和W/Sn、W/Mo和W/As等比值)可以作为判断矽卡岩的氧化还原性和钨矿床的品位及规模的依据,并具有成为W、Mo和Sn等矿床的找矿勘查指示矿物的潜力。     

Mineralogical and chemical evolution of the Ernest Henry Fe oxide–Cu–Au ore system, Cloncurry district, northwest Queensland, Australia

The Ernest Henry Cu–Au deposit was formed within a zoned, post-peak metamorphic hydrothermal system that overprinted metamorphosed dacite, andesite and diorite (ca 1740–1660 Ma). The Ernest Henry hydrothermal system was formed by two cycles of sodic and potassic alteration where biotite–magnetite alteration produced in the first cycle formed ca 1514±24 Ma, whereas paragenetically later Na–Ca veining formed ca 1529 +11/−8 Ma. These new U–Pb_titanite age dates support textural evidence for incursion of hydrothermal fluids after the metamorphic peak, and overlap with earlier estimates for the timing of Cu–Au mineralization (ca 1540–1500 Ma). A distal to proximal potassic alteration zone correlates with a large (up to 1.5 km) K–Fe–Mn–Ba enriched alteration zone that overprints earlier sodic alteration. Mass balance analysis indicates that K–Fe–Mn–Ba alteration—largely produced during pre-ore biotite- and magnetite-rich alteration—is associated with K–Rb–Cl–Ba–Fe–Mn and As enrichment and Na, Ca and Sr depletion. The aforementioned chemical exchange almost precisely counterbalances the mass changes associated with regional Na–Ca alteration. This initial transition from sodic to potassic alteration may have been formed during the evolution of a single fluid that evolved via alkali exchange during progressive fluid-rock interaction. Cu–Au ore, dominated by co-precipitated magnetite, minor specular hematite, and chalcopyrite as breccia matrix, forms a pipe-like body at the core of a proximal alteration zone dominated by K-feldspar alteration. Both the core and K-feldspar alteration overprint Na–Ca alteration and biotite–magnetite (K–Fe) alteration. Ore was associated with the concentration of a diverse range of elements (e.g. Cu, Au, Fe, Mo, U, Sb, W, Sn, Bi, Ag, F, REE, K, S, As, Co, Ba and Ca). Mineralization also involved the deposition of significant barite, K(–Ba)–feldspar, calcite, fluorite and complexly zoned pyrite. The complexly zoned pyrite and variable K–(Ba)–feldspar versus barite associations are interpreted to indicate fluctuating sulphur and/or barium supply. Together with the alteration zonation geochemistry and overprinting criteria, these data are interpreted to indicate that Cu–Au mineralization occurred as a result of fluid mixing during dilation and brecciation, in the location of the most intense initial potassic alteration. A link between early alteration (Na–Ca and K–Fe) and the later K-feldspathization and the Cu–Au ore is possible. However, the ore-related enrichments in particular elements (especially Ba, Mn, As, Mo, Ag, U, Sb and Bi) are so extreme compared with earlier alteration that another fluid, possibly magmatic in origin, contributed the diverse element suite geochemically independently of the earlier stages. Structural focussing of successive stages produced the distinctive alteration zoning, providing a basis both for exploration for similar deposits, and for an understanding of ore genesis.     

西北区域气象计量实验室综合能力比对结果分析

分析评价西北区域参加实验室比对的试验结果,及时发现问题并进行纠正,总结实施实验间比对工作的经验,提高实验室检定/校准能力和质量管理水平。参加比对的计量检定实验室分别对气压、温度、湿度、风速比对样品进行比对试验,用归一化偏差(En)进行统计分析。2011年西北区域气象计量检定的温度、湿度、气压实验室比对结果为满意,风速实验室比对结果为较满意。该次比对的实验数据客观、真实、可信,是对各参加比对实验室检定/校准能力的综合评价,较为客观地反映了各技术机构检定装置的测量能力、检定人员的技术水平以及西北区域气象计量标准装置的现状。     

新疆温泉县地热特征及成因模式分析

新疆温泉县地处多个构造体系交汇部位,发育多条断裂(裂隙)带,控制着温泉县基底构造及地热资源展布.在充分收集区域地质、水文地质、物探及地热资料基础上,通过对断裂构造特征研究,分析了温泉县地热资源的形成背景、赋存条件、分布规律及特征,为进一步研究、勘探及开发地热资源提供依据.     

西藏尼木斑岩铜多金属矿区后续地质勘查思考

根据前期勘查结果,岗讲Ⅰ号矿体品位偏低,矿体厚度、产状变化较大,形态较复杂,应加强矿区基础地质工作,综合地质研究工作,总结铜、钼空间富集规律,建立成矿模式,指导矿区深部及外围找矿的合理化布局。     

中国南方含油气区构造-沉积类型及其勘探潜力

南方含油气的复杂构造区根据构造—沉积类型的不同,可将其分为四种类型。通过对不同类型典型含油气区的生烃量及非构造运动天然气散失量的化学动力学计算,认为这四种类型含油气区的油气聚集潜力从好到坏依次为:喜马拉雅运动抬升暴露型、燕山运动抬升暴露型、反复抬升—沉降型和海西—印支运动抬升暴露—后期浅埋型。主要构造运动发生越晚,对油气保存越有利。     

福建上杭紫金山铜金矿床地质简介

以宏观角度介绍紫金山铜金矿床地质背景,论述了火山机构、次火山岩、隐爆角砾岩、围岩及围岩蚀变、矿化带及矿化特征,着重总结该矿床找矿标志,以期在地质找矿中得以借鉴。     

Geodynamic constraints on orebody localization in the Anqing orefield, China: Computational modeling and facilitating predictive exploration of deep deposits

The Anqing Fe–Cu skarn deposit, with an age of 134 to 142 Ma and resources of 62.4 Mt at 0.906% Cu and 32.2% Fe, is one of the most important deposits in the Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, East China. To better understand the localization of orebodies and thus facilitate predictive exploration of deep orebodies, computational modeling is used to simulate the coupled geodynamic processes during the syn-tectonic cooling of the ore-related intrusion, based on geological and geophysical investigations in the Anqing orefield.The occurrences of the ore veins and veinlets in diorite and skarn, as well as the sharp zigzag boundary of the orebody, indicate that the Cu ores were deposited after the solidification of the diorite and skarn formation, and were located in some tensional structural spaces that are unevenly distributed along the contact zone between the felsic intrusion and sedimentary carbonates. The locations of orebodies are closely associated with the contact zone shape. The computational results of two models with two typical contact-shapes show that pore fluid flow was focused into the dilation zones from different sources. All the significant dilation zones, in which the existing orebodies were located, are distributed in some specific places of the south contact zone of the intrusion. In addition, these dilation zones are closely related to the contact zone shape of the intrusion and can control the location of orebodies through the coupled mechano-thermo-hydrological processes during cooling of the intrusion in the extension setting. The skarns are not critical for controlling the localization of orebodies. This means that exploration for deep ore should target deep dilation zones close to the contact boundary of the intrusion. Such recognition may provide a useful guide in selecting exploration targets in the Anqing orefield. As a direct result of computational modeling, an orebody has been discovered in the deep dilation zone in this orefield. It demonstrates that computational modeling is a promising tool for understanding the metallogenic processes and for facilitating the deep exploration of hidden orebodies that are related to intrusions.     

测氡在滑坡研究中的应用

测氡是一种放射性地球物理方法,利用滑坡体与其周边岩土体的结构差异,应用测氡可对滑坡进行勘探,对滑坡的结构特征进行研究,达到节约投资,缩短勘探时间的目的,并可与地质分析相互验证,为工程应用提供依据。