The integrated socio-perceptual approach: Using ecological mental maps and future imaginaries to understand land use decisions

Rural places are important centers of environmental and social transformation. Landholders are not only affected by socio-environmental changes, but they are influencing futures related to climate change, food security, freshwater, biodiversity, and social and economic development. Much environmental land use work understands individual landholders as rational actors, portrayed through the economic lens of “producer.” These approaches generally focus on present capacities and limitations as the principal factors contributing to land use, and the individual farm as the reference unit for decisions. Our research takes steps to expand conceptualizations of rural landholders as active and knowledgeable in envisioning, managing, and shaping environmental futures. We design and test a new approach using ecological mental maps and future imaginaries to understand land use practices through a case study in the cocoa-producing and Atlantic Forest region of Southern Bahia, Brazil. The integrated socio-perceptual (ISP) approach combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies to honor the depth of landholders’ experiences and perspectives and to allow broader regional relationships and insights to emerge. We demonstrate that the ISP approach—through 49 surveys—has the capacity to capture variation and identify patterns in ecological mental maps and future imaginaries in a population, approximate the relevant spatial scales underlying these factors, and identify relationships between these and land uses. In this context, the types of narratives landholders hold about the region’s future are associated with current forest land use on their properties. We discuss potential applications of the ISP approach for land use study and practice.     

福建顺昌山后铅锌矿区物化探异常特征

顺昌县山后铅锌矿区在地质普查阶段投入了物化探工作,发现了物化探异常,结合矿区成矿地质条件,推断异常由隐伏含磁黄铁矿的铅锌矿(化)体引起,经工程验证得以证实,认为该区物化探异常是深部找矿的有效标志.     

地下水资源可更新性的环境同位素研究

论述了环境同位素在研究地下水可更新性中的应用现状,分析研究区氢氧稳定同位素、氚和14C放射性同位素、CFCS的分布特征及其指示意义,对比人类开采前后地下水的同位素特征.结果表明:盆地地下水的可更新性随不同深度、地域、含水层的不同而各异,人类活动加强了浅层与深层地下水之间的水力联系.     

胶州湾大肠菌群丰度变化及对环境污染的指示

采用MPN计数法对胶州湾大肠菌群丰度进行7年（84个月）连续监测,结果表明,大肠菌群丰度的周年变化明显,全年最高丰度与最低丰度相差约2.2倍。胶州湾大肠菌群丰度自2005—2009年明显下降,降幅达67%,说明胶州湾环境质量有所好转。研究还发现大肠菌群丰度变化具有明显的区域特征,河口区最高,湾内区最低,差异近11倍。大...     

Effect of environmental factors on photodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water-soluble fraction of Kuwait crude oil in seawater

Photodegradation of PAHs in the water-soluble fraction of Kuwait crude oil in seawater was investigated under various environmental factors (temperature, light intensity, oxygen levels and presence of a sensitizer) in laboratory conditions. All factors investigated had significant effect on the degradation rates of PAHs. At 15 °C almost all PAHs optimally degraded at an oxygen level of 4 ppm. For lower molecular weight PAHs a light intensity of 500 W/m² in the presence of the sensitizer worked well. Higher molecular weight PAHs degraded at faster rates at a light intensity 750 W/m². At 30 °C, most of the PAHs degraded optimally at an oxygen level of 0 ppm and light intensity of 500 or 750 W/m² in presence of the sensitizer. At 40 °C, most of PAHs degraded optimally at low oxygen concentrations (0 and 4 ppm) and a light intensity of 500 W/m² in the presence of the sensitizer. Linear regression indicated that for most of the compounds, light intensity had the greatest effect on degradation rates.     

白岩脚煤矿环境水文地质问题及防治对策

对白岩脚煤矿含水层特征、地下水赋存、转化与排泄等水文地质条件分析的基础上,对区内水土流失、石漠化、内涝、地下水污染等原生的和煤炭开采可能引发的环境水文地质问题进行梳理,并提出对策建议,为矿井设计和矿山环境保护与恢复治理提供参考。     

降温降水对池塘水环境影响及诱发鳜鱼疾病的研究

探讨气候变化（降水、降温）与养殖鳜鱼（Ｓｉｎｉｐｅｒｃａ ｃｈｕａｓｔｓｉ）池溏主要水生态因子关系问题。结果表明，降水、降温会引起藻类种群的改变，进而溶氧变化，最终影响鱼的健康，低溶氧是诱发鳜鱼疾病的首要水化因子。所以，气侯变化是生态因子变化继而诱发鳜鱼疾病的催化剂。水中营养盐浓度影响藻类生长。     

模糊ISODATA聚类分析用于大气环境质量评价

本文应用一种基于模糊划分的聚类方法,即模糊ISODATA方法,进行大气环境质量评价。结果表明该方法简单、快速,尤其在待评价的监测点较多时效果甚佳。     

三峡工程对生态与环境影响综合评价体系

本文是继三峡工程对生态与环境影响的综合评价之后,针对三峡工程兴建与否和何时兴建等目标的延续课题。继承前期研究综合评价的基本框架。分为评价对象系统;时间动态系统;影响识别系统。包括3个次系统,23个子系统、100个评价因子的巨型系统工程。假设不同的变化条件,评价因子、因素和系统,在不同时间内的生态环境状况与理想状态的位差和生态的可能变化趋势,作出预警。     

Estimate of the Transition Value of Librational Invariant Curves

We investigate the break-down threshold of librational invariant curves. As a model problem, we consider a variant of a mapping introduced by M. Hénon, which well describes the dynamics of librational motions surrounding a stable invariant point. We verify in concrete examples the applicability of Greene's method, by computing the instability transition values of a sequence of periodic orbits approaching an invariant curve with fixed noble frequency. However, this method requires the knowledge of the location of the periodic orbits within a very good approximation. This task appears to be difficult to realize for a libration regime, due to the different topology of the phase space. To compute the break-down threshold, we tried an alternative method very easy to implement, based on the computation of the fast Lyapunov indicators and frequency analysis. Such technique does not require the knowledge of the periodic orbits, but again, it appears very difficult to have a precision better than Greene's method for the computation of the critical parameter.